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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF THE BIBLE AND ITS RECEPTION

Edited by
Hans-Josef Klauck, Bernard McGinn, Choon-Leong Seow, Hermann Spieckermann, Barry Dov Walfish, Eric Ziolkowski

in cooperation with
Dale Allison, Diane Apostolos-Cappadona, Donna Bowman, Brian Britt, Michael Cameron, Mordechai Z. Cohen, Joseph Davis, Jamey Deming, Martin Forward, Peter Gemeinhardt, Haim Goldfus, Ann E. Killebrew, David W. Kling, Volker Leppin, Paul Mendes-Flohr, Martti Nissinen, Dennis T. Olson, Nils Holger Petersen, S. Brent Plate, Christine Roy Yoder, Thomas Römer, Günter Stemberger, Marvin A. Sweeney, Johan C. Thom, David R. Thomas, Samuel Vollenweider, Jan G. van der Watt, Sidnie White Crawford

List of Keywords

A (Aleph) - Ainsworth, Henry l Aion (Deity) - Apostasy l Apostle - Azzur

Baal (Deity) - Beriah l Berio, Luciano - Byzantine Epoch

Cabbon - Christian Science l Christianity, Christendom - Cyrus

Berio, Luciano - Byzantine Epoch

Berio, Luciano (1925–2003)

Berith see Covenant

Berlin Gnostic Codex see Berolinensis, Codex

Berlioz, Hector (1803–1869)

Bernard of Clairvaux (1090–1153)

Bernfeld, Simon (1860–1940)

Bernice

01. III Philopator
02.

Bernini, Gian Lorenzo (1598–1680)

Bernstein, Aaron David (1812–1884)

Bernstein, Leonard (1918–1990)

Beroea

Berolinensis, Codex

Berossus of Babylon

Berothah

Berothai

Berries see Flora, Biblical

Bertholet, Alfred (1868–1951)

Berton, Henri-Montan (1767–1844)

Bertram of Minden (1340–1414)

Beryl

Berytus

Bes

Besai

Besant, Annie (1847–1933)

Bescaspasmys

Besodeiah

Besor, the Brook

Bestiality

I. Ancient Near East
II. Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
III. Judaism
IV. Christianity
V. Islam

Bet ha-Midrash (BHM)

Beta

Beta Israel

Betah

Betar

Beten

Beth

Beth Alpha

Beth Gader

Beth Guvrin

Beth Loya, Horvat

Beth-Anath

Beth-Anoth

Bethany

01.
02. Bethany beyond the Jordan
03.

Beth-Arabah

Beth-Aram see Arameans

Beth-Arbel

Beth-Ashbea

Bethasmoth

Beth-Aven

Beth-Azmaveth

Beth-Baal-Meon

Beth-Barah

Bethbasi

Beth-Biri

Beth-Car

Beth-Dagon

Beth-Diblathaim

Beth-Eden

Beth-Eglaim

Beth-Eked

Bethel (Deity)

Bethel (Place)

Bethel-Sharezer see Sharezer (Person)

Beth-Emek

Bether

Bethesda

Beth-Ezel

Beth-Gamul

Beth-Gilgal

Beth-Haccherem

Beth-Haggan

Beth-Haram

Beth-Haran see Beth-Horon

Beth-Hoglah

Beth-Horon

Beth-Jeshimoth

Beth-Kerem

Beth-Le-Aphrah

Beth-Lebaoth

Bethlehem (Ephratah)

I. Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
II. New Testament
III. Archaeological Evidence
IV. Judaism
V. Christianity
VI. Literature
VII. Visual Arts
VIII. Music

Bethlehem of Zebulun

Beth-Maac(h)ah see Abel-Beth-Maacah

Beth-Marcaboth

Beth-Meon

Beth-Millo

Beth-Nimrah

Beth-Pazzez

Beth-Pelet

Beth-Peor

Bethphage

Beth-Rapha

Beth-Rehob

Bethsaida

Beth-Shean

Beth-Shearim

Beth-Shemesh

Beth-Shittah

Beth-Tappuah

Bethuel (Person)

Bethuel (Place)

Bethul see Bethuel (Place); Bethuel (Person)

Bethulia

Beth-Yerah

Beth-Zaith

Beth-Zatha

Beth-Zechariah

Beth-Zur

Betomasthaim

Betonim

Betrothal

I. Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
II. Judaism

Beveled Work

Bewer, Julius August (1877–1953)

Beyond the Jordan

Beyond the River

Beza, Theodore (1519–1605)

Bezae Cantabrigiensis, Codex

Bezai

Bezalel

Bezek

Bezer (Person)

Bezer (Place)

Bialik, Chaim Nachman (1873–1934)

Bibago, Abraham

Biber, Heinrich Ignaz Franz von (1644–1704)

Bible

I. Judaism
II. New Testament
III. Christianity
IV. Islam

Bible Illustration

I. Christian Art
II. Jewish Art
III. Islamic Art

Bible Moralisée (c.1235–1245)

Bible Societies

Bible Translation see Versions of the Bible. 01. Translation and Revision; Hermeneutics of the Bible

Bible, Formation of the see Canon

Bible, Statistical Research On the see Statistical Research on the Bible

Bibles, Children's see Children's Bibles

Bibles, Illustrated see Illustrated Bibles

Biblia Pauperum

I. Christianity
II. Visual Arts

Biblical Antiquities see Philo, Pseudo-

Biblical Archaeology see Palestine, Archaeology of; Archaeology

Biblical Authority see Scriptural Authority

Biblical Commentaries see Commentaries, Biblical; Pesharim Texts, Qumran

Biblical Criticism

I. Judaism
II. Christianity
III. Islam
IV. Literature

Biblical Theology

I. Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
II. Judaism
III. New Testament
IV. Christianity

Biblicism

I. Christianity
II. Judaism

Bibliodrama

Bibliotheca Sacra

Bichri

Bickerman, Elias Joseph (1897–1981)

Bidkar

Biel, Gabriel (c. 1420–1495)

Bigamy see Polygamy; Marriage

Bigtha see Mehuman; Bigthan

Bigtha

Bigthan

Bigvai

Bildad

Bileam (Person) see Balaam

Bileam (Place)

Bilgah

Bilgai

Bilhah (Person)

Bilhah (Place)

Bilhan

Bill see Divorce

Billerbeck, Paul (1853–1932)

Bilqis see Sheba, Queen of (Person)

Bilshan

Bimhal

Binchois, Gilles de Bins (ca. 1400–1460)

Binding and Loosing see Keys of the Kingdom; Absolution

Binding of Isaac see Aqedah

Binea

Binnui

Biography, Ancient

Bir'Am, Kefar see Kefar Bir'Am

Bira, Tel

Birds

I. Ancient Near East and Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
II. Greco-Roman Antiquity
III. New Testament
IV. Islam
V. Literature

Birds of Prey

Birkat Haminim see Amidah; Blessing

Birsha

Birth

I. Ancient Near East and Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
II. Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
III. Judaism
IV. Greco-Roman Antiquity
V. New Testament

Birth Narratives

I. Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
II. New Testament
III. Christianity
IV. Judaism
V. Islam
VI. Other Religions
VII. Literature
VIII. Music

Birth of Mary see James, Protevangelium of

Birthright

I. Ancient Near East
II. Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
III. Greco-Roman Antiquity
IV. New Testament

Birthstool

al-Biruni, Abu al-Rayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmad (973-1048)

Birzaith

Bishlam

Bishop

Bishops’ Bible see Versions of the Bible. 13. English Versions

Bisitun

Bit see Bridle

Bit

Bithiah

Bithynia

Bitter Herbs

I. Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
II. Judaism
III. Visual Arts

Bitumen

Bizet, Georges (1838–1875)

Biziothiah

Biztha

Biztha see Mehuman

Bjørnson, Bjørnstjerne (1832–1910)

Black Elk (1863–1950)

Black Madonnas

Black Theology

Blake, William (1757–1827)

I. Visual Arts
II. Literature

Blasphemy

I. Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
II. Judaism
III. Greco-Roman Antiquity
IV. New Testament
V. Christianity
VI. Islam
VII. Literature
VIII. Film

Blasting/Blight see Agriculture

Blastus

Blavatsky, H.P. [Helena Petrovna] (1831–1891)

Bleach

Blegen, Carl William (1887–1971)

Blessed Ones

Blessing

I. Ancient Near East
II. Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
III. Judaism
IV. Greco-Roman Antiquity
V. New Testament
VI. Christianity
VII. Islam
VIII. Literature
IX. Visual Arts
X. Music

Blight see Agriculture

Blindness

I. Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
II. Judaism
III. Greco-Roman Antiquity
IV. New Testament
V. Christianity
VI. Literature

Bloch, Ernest (1880–1959)

Blood

I. Ancient Near East and Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
II. Judaism
III. New Testament
IV. Christianity
V. Islam

Blood, Field of see Akeldama

Bloodguilt

Blount, Charles (1654–1693)

Blow, John (1649–1708)

Blues

Boanerges (Sons of Thunder)

Boar

Board see Plank

Boasting

Boats and Ships

I. Ancient Near East and Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
II. New Testament
III. Judaism
IV. Literature
V. Visual Arts

Boaz and Jachin see Jachin and Boaz

Boaz, Booz

I. Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
II. New Testament
III. Judaism

Boccaccio, Giovanni (1313–1375)

Boccherini, Luigi (1743–1805)

Bochart, Samuel (1599–1667)

Bocheru

Bochim

Bodmer Papyri

Bodrum see Halicarnassus (Place)

Body

I. Ancient Near East
II. Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
III. Judaism
IV. Greco-Roman Antiquity
V. New Testament
VI. Christianity

Body and Blood of Christ see Lord's Supper

Böhm, Georg (1661–1733)

Böhme, Jakob (1575–1629)

Bohairic see Coptic Language

Bohan, Stone of

Bohlen, Peter von (1796–1840)

Boil

Boldness

I. Greco-Roman Antiquity
II. New Testament

Bolingbroke, Henry St. John, Viscount (1678–1751)

Böll, Heinrich (1917–1985)

Bolt see Building Materials and Techniques

Bomberg, Daniel (1483–1553)

Bonaventure (c. 1217–1274)

Bond

I. Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
II. Judaism

Bondage, Bondman see Slavery

Bone

Bonfils [tove elem], Joseph b. Eliezer

Bonhoeffer, Dietrich (1906–1945)

Book

I. Ancient Near East
II. Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
III. Greco-Roman Antiquity
IV. New Testament
V. Judaism
VI. Christianity
VII. Islam
VIII. Literature
IX. Visual Arts
X. Film

Book of Glory (John) see John, the Gospel of

Book of Jerahmiel

Book of Life see Life, Book of

Book of Mormon

Book of Signs (John) see John, the Gospel of

Book of Yashar

Book, People of the see People of the Book

Books, Liturgical see Liturgical Books

Boot see Clothing

Booth

Booths, Feast of

I. Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
II. Judaism
III. New Testament
IV. Literature
V. Visual Arts

Booty

Bor-Ashan see Ashan

Borges, Jorge Luis (1899–1986)

Borith see Bukki

Bornkamm, Günther (1905–1990)

Borromini, Francesco (1599–1667)

Borsippa

Boscath see Bozkath

Bosch, Hieronymus (ca. 1450–1516)

Bosheth see Ish-Bosheth; Mephibosheth; Baal (Deity)

Bosheth

Bosom

Bosom of Abraham see Abraham's Bosom

Bosor

Bosra see Bozrah

Bossed, Bosses see Building Materials and Techniques

Botticelli, Sandro (Allessandro Filipepi) (ca.1445–1510)

Bottle

Bottomless Pit see Netherworld

Bougaean

Boundaries, Tribal see Tribal Allotment

Boundary Stones see Kudurru

Bouqras

Bourgeois, Louis (c. 1510/15–1559)

Bousset, Wilhelm (1865–1920)

Bouts, Dieric the Elder (1415–1475)

Bouts, Dieric the Younger (1448–1491)

Bouzignac, Guillaume (ca. 1592–1641)

Bow and Arrow see Weaponry

Bowl see Pottery

Box (Tree)

Boy see Child, Children; Gender; Family

Boyce, William (1711–1779)

Bozecco, Benjamin b. Judah (1290–1335)

Bozez

Bozkath

Bozrah

Bracelets see Jewelry, Ancient Israelite

Braeu, Nicolas

Brahms, Johannes (1833–1897)

Bramante, Donato (1444–1514)

Bramble

Branch

Branch Davidians

Brass

Bray, Salomon de

Brazen Sea see Sea, Molten

Brazier

Breach

Bread

I. Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
II. Judaism
III. New Testament

Bread of Life

I. New Testament
II. Christianity
III. Reception History

Bread of the Presence

Bread, Breaking of see Lord's Supper; Last Supper

Bread, Unleavened

I. Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
II. Judaism
III. Christianity

Breaking of Bread see Lord's Supper; Last Supper

Breast

Breastpiece

Breastplate

I. Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
II. Judaism

Breasts and Womb

I. Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
II. New Testament

Breath

Brecht, Bertolt (1898–1956)

Breeches see Dress and Ornamentation

Brentano, Clemens (1778–1842)

Brenz, Johannes (1499–1570)

Bresson, Robert (1907–1999)

Brethren see Brother, Brotherhood

Breuer, Isaac (1883–1946)

Breuer, Mordechai (1921–2007)

Breviary see Liturgical Books

Brick

Bridal Jewelry see Jewelry, Ancient Israelite

Bride

I. Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
II. Judaism
III. Greco-Roman Antiquity
IV. New Testament
V. Christianity
VI. Visual Arts
VII. Music

Bridegroom

I. Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
II. Judaism
III. Greco-Roman Antiquity
IV. New Testament
V. Christianity
VI. Visual Arts
VII. Music

Bridle

Briegel, Wolfgang Carl (1626–1712)

Brier

Briggs, Charles Augustus (1841–1913)

Bright, John (1908–1995)

Brightman, Thomas (1562–1607)

Brimstone

British Institute at Amman for Archaeology and History see Institutes and Schools of Archaeology

British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara see Institutes and Schools of Archaeology

Britten, Benjamin (1913–1976)

Brjullo, Karl Pavlovic (1799–1852)

Broad Place

Broad Wall

Brockelmann, Carl (1868–1956)

Brockes, Barthold Heinrich (1680–1747)

Brod, Max (1884–1968)

Broidered see Clothing

Bronchorst, Jan van

Bronze

Bronze Sea see Sea, Molten

Bronze Serpent see Serpent, Bronze

Bronzino, Angelo (Angelo di Cosimo di Mariano) (1503–1572)

Brooch see Jewelry, Ancient Israelite

Brood

Brook

Brook of Egypt see Egypt, Brook of

Brook of the Arabah see Arabah, Brook of the

Broom

Broom (Tree)

Broth

Brother, Brotherhood

I. Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
II. Judaism
III. Greco-Roman Antiquity
IV. New Testament
V. Christianity
VI. Islam
VII. Music

Brotherly Love see Love

Broughton, Hugh (1549–1612)

Brown, Francis (1849–1916)

Brown, Raymond E. (1928–1998)

Browne, Thomas (1605–1682)

Bruce, Alexander Balmain (1831–1899)

Bruch, Max (1838–1920)

Brucianus see Codex

Bruckner, Anton (1824–1896)

Brueghel Sr., Jan (1568–1625)

Brueghel Sr., Pieter (1525/30–1569)

Brugghen, Hendrick ter

Bruhns, Nicolaus (1665–1697)

Bruise

Brumel, Antoine (1460–1515)

Brunelleschi, Filippo (1377–1446)

Buber, Martin (1878–1965)

Bucer, Martin (1491–1551)

Buck

Bucket

Buckle

Buckler see Weaponry

Budde, Karl (1850–1935)

Buddhism, Reception of the Bible in

Bugle see Music and Musical Instruments

Bugs see Insects

Buhl, Frants Peder William Meyer (1850–1932)

Building Materials and Techniques

Bukarat, Abraham b. Solomon ha-Levi (15th-16th c.)

Bukki

Bukkiah

Bul

Bulgakov, Mikhail Afanasievich (1891–1940)

Bull Site

Bull, Bullock

Bullinger, Johann Heinrich (1504–1575)

Bulrush see Reeds

Bultmann, Rudolf Karl (1884–1976)

Bulwark see Fortification

Bunah

Bunni

Buñuel, Luis (1900–1983)

Bunyan, John (1628–1688)

Buqei'a, Tel

Burglary see Punishment

Burial of Jesus

I. New Testament
II. Christianity
III. Literature
IV. Visual Arts
V. Music
VI. Film

Burials

I. Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
II. Judaism
III. Greco-Roman Antiquity
IV. New Testament
V. Christianity
VI. Islam
VII. Visual Arts
VIII. Music

Burkitt, Francis Crawford (1864–1935)

Burne-Jones, Sir Edward (1833–1898)

Burnet, Thomas (1635–1715)

Burney, Charles Fox (1868–1925)

Burning Bush

I. Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
II. Judaism
III. New Testament
IV. Christianity
V. Islam
VI. Literature
VII. Visual Arts
VIII. Music

Burnt Offering see Sacrifice and Sacrificial Offerings

Burrows, Millar (1889–1980)

Buseirah see Bozrah

Bushel see Weights and Measures

Bushnell, Horace (1802–1876)

Bustard see Birds

Butchering Animals see Sacrifice and Sacrificial Offerings

Butler, Howard Crosby (1872–1922)

Butler, John (1918–1993)

Butler, Joseph (1692–1752)

Buttenweiser, Moses (1862–1939)

Butter

Butterfield, William (1814–1900)

Buxtehude, Dietrich (ca. 1637–1707)

Buxtorf II, Johannes (1599–1664)

Buxtorf, the elder, Johannes (1564–1629)

Buz (Person)

Buz (Place)

Buzi

Byblos (Gebal)

I. Byblos in the Bible
II. Archaeology and History
III. Texts
IV. Society, Culture, and Religion
V. Byblos and the Bible
VI. In Islam
VII. In Reception History

Byblos Syllabic see Languages

Byrd, William (1543–1623)

Byron, George Gordon (Lord Byron) (1788–1824)

Byword

Byzantine Chant see Chant. I. Music. 04. Byzantine

Byzantine Epoch

I. Visual Arts
II. Music
III. Islam

A (Aleph) - Ainsworth, Henry l Aion (Deity) - Apostasy l Apostle - Azzur

Baal (Deity) - Beriah l Berio, Luciano - Byzantine Epoch

Cabbon - Christian Science l Christianity, Christendom - Cyrus