The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy

Instructions for Authors

Final Manuscript Preparation Guidelines

Please find here details on copyediting, typesetting, and layout requirements pertaining to final manuscript submission to this journal. All manuscripts must have correct formatting to be considered ready for publication.

COPYEDITING

The EdiKit system has been designed to improve the scholarly publication process for authors. Among the many improvements we offer over traditional journals, the most significant is that we have dramatically shortened the period between the initial submission and the final publication of a peer-reviewed article. Much of this time savings is due to the innovative use of electronic publication. These innovations, however, require certain changes in the way authors need to prepare accepted manuscripts for electronic publication.
De Gruyter does not copyedit manuscripts for this journal until further notice. However, De Gruyter does offer support to authors during the process. Authors are their own copyeditors and typesetters. This means that authors need to pay greater attention to the editing and look of their manuscripts than is typically required by print journals. If you have reasons to doubt your proficiency with respect to spelling, grammar, etc. (e.g., because English is not your native language), then you may wish to employ—at your expense—the services of a professional copyeditor.

Please get in touch with the copyeditors directly to discuss details.

• Alexandra Griswold
  xan3210@cs.com
  Areas of expertise: public policy, political science, education, economics, social sciences, humanities, ethics
• Cyndy Brown
  browncyndy@yahoo.com
  Areas of expertise: political science, social sciences, humanities, ethics
• Donna Reeder
  Reeder Literary Services
  Areas of expertise: political science, economics, mathematical economics, natural sciences, social sciences, technology, law, humanities, liberal arts, literary studies, health and medicine
• Dorothy Schepps
  dschepps2@gmail.com
  Areas of expertise: political science, emergency management, homeland security, community/land use planning, law, economics, cyber terrorism, and cyber security
• Jane Cotnoir
  jane.cotnoir@gmail.com
  Areas of expertise: Local government management, international crime and terrorism, emergency/disaster management, humanities, social science
• Patience Kramer
  patience.kramer@att.net
  Areas of expertise: Health and Medicine (CAM and drug policy and analysis), Economics and Business (with a focus on marketing)
• Steve Peter
  speter@mac.com
  Areas of expertise: LaTeX, Linguistics, economics, mathematics

FORMATTING REQUIREMENTS

CONTENT and STRUCTURE

ALL MANUSCRIPTS

• Copyedit your manuscript.
• Do not include a title page or abstract. (Begin the document with the introduction. The title page and abstract will be added to your paper by the EdiKit system.)
• Do not include page numbers, headers, or footers. (The EdiKit system will add the appropriate header with page numbers).
• Do not identify author names in the actual text of your manuscript; all such information is discarded when we receive your submission. To add or edit co-authors, you must use the “revise submission” form.
• Make sure all author and co-author information is complete. Click on “Preview submission” to make sure that all your co-authors' names and affiliations appear correctly.
• Do not include acknowledgments in your manuscript. Instead, enter acknowledgments in the coverpage footnote section on the “revise submission” form, so that they may be incorporated into the title page produced for publication.
• Write your article in English (unless the journal expressly permits non-English submissions).
• Submit your manuscript, including tables, figures, appendices, etc., as a single file (Word, RTF, or PDF files are accepted).
• Use the following document structure (keep in mind that there is no title page):
  1. Introduction (titling this section is optional)
  2. Subsequent sections which include all tables, figures, and footnotes referenced in the text
  3. Appendices (if any)
  4. References - Include a proper bibliography following the guidelines in the References section below.

BOOK REVIEWS

• Book reviews must start with the citation of the book at the top of the first page.

PAGE LAYOUT and SPACING

• Page size must be 8.5 x 11-inches (“letter” size). Do not use A4.
• All margins (left, right, top and bottom) must be 1.5 inches (3.8 cm), including your tables and figures.
• Single space your text.
• Use a single column layout with both left and right margins justified. (Footnotes and references must be both left- and right- justified as well.)
• Indent all paragraphs except those following a section heading.
• An indent should be at least 10 em-spaces.
• Equations, long quotations, theorems, propositions, special remarks, tables, figures, etc. should be set off from the surrounding text by additional space above and below. Otherwise, do not insert an extra space between paragraphs of text.
• Do not “widow” or “orphan” text; make sure that headings are on the same page as the text that follows them, and do not begin a page with the last line of a paragraph. This also applies to titles or notes attached to tables.
• There should be no pages where more than a quarter of the page is empty space, unless it is absolutely impossible to do so.
• All text should be fully justified, left and right (i.e., flush with the left and right margins).

FONTS
TYPE and SIZE

We cannot accept Type3 fonts. The following is a brief guide to fonts with respect to layout.

•  Font:
  • Main Body—12 pt. Times or the closest comparable font available
  • Equations—12 pt. Times or the closest comparable font available
  • Footnotes—10 pt. Times or the closest comparable font available
  • Tables, graphs & figures—Text accompanying graphs, figures and tables should be no smaller than 8 pt.   

FONT FACES
Use Times or the closest comparable font available, except, possibly, where special symbols are needed. If you desire a second font, for instance for headings, use a sans serif font (e.g., Arial or Computer Modern Sans Serif).

COLORED TEXT

• Set the font color to black for the majority of the text. De Gruyter encourages authors to take advantage of the ability to use color in the production of figures, maps, images, and graphs. However, you need to appreciate that this will cause some of your readers problems when they print the document on a black and white printer. For this reason, you are advised to avoid the use of colors in situations where their translation to black and white would render the material illegible or incomprehensible.
• Please ensure that there are no colored mark-ups or comments in the final version, unless they are meant to be part of the final text. (You may need to “accept all changes” in track changes or set your document to “normal” in final markup.)

EMPHASIZED TEXT, TITLES, and FOREIGN TERMS

• To indicate text you wish to emphasize, use italics rather than underlining. The use of color to emphasize text is discouraged.
• Foreign terms should be set in italics rather than underlined.
• Titles of books, movies, etc., should be set in italics rather than underlined.

HEADINGS
Headings (e.g., title of sections) should be distinguished from the main body text by their fonts or by using small caps.

• Use the same font face for all headings and indicate the hierarchy by reducing the font size.
• Put space above and below headings. Spacing must be consistent around all headings.
• Be consistent in whether or not you use headline case, or you capitalize the first word and leave the rest in lower-case.

FOOTNOTES

• Footnotes must appear at the bottom of the page on which they are referenced rather than at the end of the paper.
• Footnotes must be in 10 pt. Times or closest comparable font available.
• They must be single spaced, and there must be a footnote separator rule (line).
• Please make sure there is no excess blank space above or below the footnote line divider.
• Footnote numbers or symbols in the text must follow, rather than precede, punctuation.
• Excessively long footnotes are better handled in an appendix.
• All footnotes should be fully justified, left and right (i.e., flush with the left and right margins).

TABLES, FIGURES & GRAPHS

• If figures are included, use high-resolution figures, preferably encoded as encapsulated * PostScript (eps).
• To the extent possible, tables and figures should appear in the document near where they are referenced in the text.
• Large tables or figures should be put on pages by themselves.
• Make sure to use at least 8 pt. font size in tables, figures and graphs.
• Everything must be easily readable when viewed on a computer screen at 100% and when physically printed.
• In no case should tables or figures be in a separate document or file. All tables and figures must fit within 1.5" margins on all sides (top, bottom, left and right) in both portrait and landscape view.

MATHEMATICS and EQUATIONS

• Roman letters used in mathematical expressions as variables must be italicized. Roman letters used as part of multi-letter function names should not be italicized. Subscripts and superscripts must be a smaller font size than the main text.
• Use 12 pt. Times or the closest comparable font available
• Type short mathematical expressions inline.
• Longer expressions must appear as display math, as must expressions using many different levels (e.g., such as fractions).
• Important definitions or concepts can also be set off as display math.
• Number your equations sequentially.
• Insert a blank line before and after each equation.
• Whether equation numbers are on the right or left is the choice of the author(s). However, make sure to be consistent in this.
• Avoid symbols and notation in unusual fonts. This will not only enhance the clarity of the manuscript, but it will also help ensure that it displays correctly on the reader's screen and prints correctly.
• When proofing your document, pay particular attention to the rendering of the mathematics, especially symbols and notation drawn from other-than-standard fonts.

REFERENCES
REFERENCES WITHIN TEXT

• Within the text of your manuscript, use the author-date method of citation. For instance, “As noted by Smith (1776).”
• When there are two authors, use both last names. For instance, “Edlin and Reichelstein (1996) claim … ”
• If there are three or more authors give the last name of the first author and append et al. For instance, a 1987 work by Abel, Baker, and Charley, would be cited as “Abel et al. (1987).”
• If two or more cited works share the same authors and dates, use “a,” “b,” and so on to distinguish among them. For instance, “Jones (1994b) provides a more general analysis of the model introduced in Example 3 of Jones (1994a).”
• After the first cite in the text using the author-date method, subsequent cites can use just the last names if that would be unambiguous. For example, Edlin and Reichelstein (1996) can be followed by just Edlin and Reichelstein provided no other Edlin and Reichelstein article is referenced; if one is, then the date must always be attached.
• When citations appear within parentheses, use commas—rather than parentheses or brackets—to separate the date from the surrounding text. For instance, “ … (see Smith, 1776, for an early discussion of this).”

REFERENCE SECTION
It is the author's obligation to provide complete references with the necessary information. Our editors do not check this.

• After the last sentence of your submission (text or appendix), please insert a line break—not a page break—and begin your references on the same page.
• Do not split an individual reference between two pages. If the entirety of the reference does not fit on the page it starts on, then move the entire reference to start on the following page.
• References must be in alphabetical order and have margins that are both left- and right- justified. You may choose not to right-justify the margin of individual references if the spacing looks too awkward.
• Use hanging indents for citations (i.e., the first line of the citation should be flush with the left margin and all other lines should be indented from the left margin by a set amount). Citations should be single-spaced with extra space between citations.
• Within the references section, the citations can be formatted as you like, provided (i) the formatting is consistent and (ii) each citation begins with the last name of the first author. That is, the following would all be acceptable:
        Smith, Adam (1776) The Wealth of Nations, …
        Smith, A., The Wealth of Nations, … , 1776.
        Smith, Adam: The Wealth of Nations, 1776, …

The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy is covered by the following abstracting and indexing services:

Editors

Michael Baker, University of Toronto 
Thomas Buchmueller, University of Michigan 
Antonio Cabrales, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid 
Helmuth Cremer, Toulouse School of Economics 
Don Fullerton, University of Illinois 
Arik Levinson, Georgetown University 
Nuno Limão, University of Maryland 
Nolan Miller, University of Illinois 
Steven Puller, Texas A&M University 
Gary Solon, Michigan State University 
Jacob Vigdor, Duke University 
Dean Yang, University of Michigan 
Eric Zitzewitz, Dartmouth College 

Past Editors

Aaron Edlin, University of California, Berkeley 
Kyle Bagwell, Columbia University 
Oriana Bandiera, London School of Economics and Political Science 
Judy Chevalier, Yale School of Management 
David Genesove, Hebrew University of Jerusalem 
Benjamin Hermalin, University of California, Berkeley 
Caroline Hoxby, Stanford University 
Thomas Lemieux, University of British Columbia 
Ching-to Albert Ma, Boston University 
Bruce D. Meyer, Northwestern University 
John Morgan, University of California, Berkeley 
Fiona Scott Morton, Yale University 
Thierry Verdier, Paris School of Economics 

Editorial Board

Lisa Anderson, College of William and Mary
Patricia Anderson, Dartmouth College
James Andreoni, University of California, San Diego
Joshua D. Angrist, MIT
Pol Antras, Harvard University
Richard Arnott, University of California, Riverside
Orazio Attanasio, University College, London
Theodore C. Bergstrom, UC Santa Barbara
Tim Besley, London School of Economics
Gary Biglaiser, University of North Carolina
Anders Björklund, Stockholm University
Nick Bloom, Stanford University
John Bound, University of Michigan
Charles C. Brown, University of Michigan
Martin Browning, University of Oxford
Luis Cabral, University of Navarra
Hongbin Cai, University of California, Los Angeles
Bernard Caillaud, CERAS - ENPC, Paris
Christopher Carpenter, University of California, Irvine
Stephen Coate, Cornell University
Helmuth Cremer, University of Toulouse
Julie Berry Cullen, University of California, San Diego
Carl Davidson, Michigan State University
Don Davis, Columbia University
Stefano DellaVigna, University of California, Berkeley
Peter DeMarzo, Stanford University
Peter Diamond, MIT
John DiNardo, University of Michigan
Allan Drazen, University of Maryland
Randall P. Ellis, Boston University
Glenn Ellison, MIT
Winand Emons, University of Bern
Eric Engen, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
Dennis Epple, Carnegie Mellon University
William N. Evans, University of Notre Dame
Robert Feenstra, University of California, Davis
Leora Friedberg, University of Virginia
Firouz Gahvari, University of Illinois
William G. Gale, Brookings Institution
Joshua Gans, University of Melbourne
Richard Gilbert, University of California, Berkeley
Dana Goldman, University of Southern California
Roger Gordon, University of California, San Diego
David C. Grabowski, Harvard University
Hugh Gravelle, Centre for Health Economics, University of York
Jane Gravelle, Congressional Research Service
Jonathan Gruber, MIT
Andrei Hagiu, Harvard University
Steven J. Haider, Michigan State University
Gordon Hanson, University of California, San Diego
Oliver Hart,  Harvard University
Alejandro Hernández, Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México
James R. Hines, Jr., University of Michigan
Henrik Horn, Research Institute of Industrial Economics, Stockholm
Hilary Williamson Hoynes, University of California, Davis
Thomas Hubbard, Northwestern University
Guido W. Imbens, Harvard University
Hideshi Itoh, Hitotsubashi University
Tor Iversen, University of Oslo
Mireille Jacobson,  RAND
Markus Jäntti, Stockholm University
Kenneth L. Judd, Stanford University
Paul Kattuman, University of Cambridge
Paul Klemperer, Nuffield College, University of Oxford
Alvin Klevorick, Yale University
Charles D. Kolstad, UC Santa Barbara
Eliana La Ferrara, Bocconi University
Edward Lazear, Stanford University
Jim Levinsohn, Yale University
Helen Levy, University of Michigan
Tracy Lewis, Duke University
Audrey L. Light, Ohio State University
John List, University of Chicago
Stephen Machin, University College London
Giovanni Maggi, Yale University
Alan Manning, London School of Economics
Howard Marvel, Ohio State University
Bhashkar Mazumder, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago
John McLaren, University of Virginia
Gilbert E. Metcalf, Tufts University
Dilip Mookherjee, Boston University
Massimo Motta Barcelona, Graduate School of Economics
Casey B. Mulligan, University of Chicago
David Myatt, University of Oxford
Peter Neary, University of Oxford
Thomas Nechyba, Duke University
George Norman, Tufts University
Marianne E. Page, University of California, Davis
In-Uck Park, University of Bristol
Paul Pecorino, University of Alabama
John Piggott, University of New South Wales
Rohan Pitchford, University of Queensland
Ivan Png, National University of Singapore
Benjamin Polak, Yale University
A. Mitchell Polinsky, Stanford University
Carol Propper, University of Bristol
David Reiley, University of Arizona
Michael Riordan, Columbia University
Jean-Marc Robin, Université de Paris 1, Panthéon, Sorbonne and CREST, INSEE
William Rogerson, Northwestern University
Anne Royalty, Indiana University Purdue University at Indianapolis
John Rust, University of Maryland
Andrew A. Samwick, Dartmouth College
Ronnie Schöb, Free University Berlin
John Karl Scholz, University of Wisconsin
Steven Shavell, Harvard University
Lara Shore-Sheppard, Williams College
Jonathan Skinner, Dartmouth
Jeffrey Smith, University of Michigan
Kathryn Spier, Harvard University
Robert W. Staiger, Stanford University
Chris Starmer, University of Nottingham
Robert Stavins, Harvard University
Sally Stearns, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Melvin Stephens Jr., University of Michigan
Ann Huff Stevens, University of California, Davis
Lars Stole, University of Chicago
Chad Syverson, University of Chicago
Christopher Taber, University of Wisconsin
Curtis Taylor, Duke University
Jacques Thisse, CORE
Sarah E. Turner, University of Virginia
Robert Valletta, Federal Reserve Board of San Francisco
Frank Vella, Georgetown University
W. Kip Viscusi, Vanderbilt University
Ernst-Ludwig Von Thadden, University of Mannheim
Ruqu Wang, Queen's University
Joel Waldfogel, University of Pennsylvania
Guglielmo Weber, University of Padua
David Weinstein, Columbia University
John Whalley, University of Western Ontario
Roberton C. Williams III, University of Maryland
Alan Woodland, University of New South Wales
Chris Woodruff, University of California, San Diego
Huseyin Yildirim, Duke University
Jeffrey Zwiebel, Stanford University