Pearl (2011) asked for the causal inference community to clarify the role of the principal stratification framework in the analysis of causal effects. Here, I argue that the notion of principal stratification has shed light on problems of non-compliance, censoring-by-death, and the analysis of post-infection outcomes; that it may be of use in considering problems of surrogacy but further development is needed; that it is of some use in assessing “direct effects”; but that it is not the appropriate tool for assessing “mediation.” There is nothing within the principal stratification framework that corresponds to a measure of an “indirect” or “mediated” effect.
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Principal Stratification -- Uses and Limitations
Tyler J VanderWeele
1Harvard University
Citation Information: The International Journal of Biostatistics. Volume 7, Issue 1, Pages 1–14, ISSN (Online) 1557-4679, DOI: 10.2202/1557-4679.1329, July 2011
Publication History:
- Published Online:
- 2011-07-11
Keywords: causal inference; mediation; non-compliance; potential outcomes; principal stratification; surrogates
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