Peirce-Smith converters (PSC) are chemical reactors where copper matte reacts with air. A conventional PSC is a long horizontal cylinder where air is injected laterally into the cooper bath through submerged tuyeres. In these PSC, air is injected at high velocities to obtain an adequate mixing of the copper bath and to avoid tuyere blockage. An alternative PSC configuration uses top blowing of air accompanied by gentle nitrogen bottom stirring. In this work, the direct bottom injection of air at low inlet velocity was studied by means of transient multiphase 3D CFD numerical simulations considering three blowing conditions. The ?-? turbulence model and the volume of fluid model (VOF) were used in order to model the turbulent nature of the flow and to deal with the multiphase flow. Special attention was paid to the air bubbles formation and its effect on the copper bath mixing. The dynamic behavior of turbulent kinetic energy and the average velocity of the copper matte were analyzed. The numerical simulations suggest that the relationship between air inlet velocity and bath mixing is non linear. However, using the air bottom injection at low velocities, the obtained copper bath nominal velocity is similar to that reported in a conventional PSC.

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CFD Simulation Gas-Liquid Flow in a Copper Converter with Bottom Air Injection
Jesus Gonzalez1 / Cesar Real2 / Manuel Palomar-Pardave3 / Luis Hoyos4 / Marco Gutierrez5 / Raul Miranda6
1Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, gtji@correo.azc.uam.mx
2Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, carr@correo.azc.uam.mx
3Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, mepp@correo.azc.uam.mx
4Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, hrlf@correo.azc.uam.mx
5Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, magv@correo.azc.uam.mx
6Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, jrmt@correo.azc.uam.mx
Citation Information: International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering. Volume 6, Issue 1, Pages –, ISSN (Online) 1542-6580, DOI: 10.2202/1542-6580.1716, June 2008
Publication History:
- Published Online:
- 2008-06-29
Keywords: Peirce-Smith converter; copper reactor; bottom injection; CFD simulation


















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