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Publication Date:
June 2012
ISSN:
0032-373X
DOI:
10.2478/v10035-012-0030-3
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Cystic Adrenal Lesions - Analysis of Indications and Results of Treatment

Piotr Major1 / Michał Pędziwiatr1 / Maciej Matłok1 / Mateusz Ostachowski1 / Marek Winiarski1 / Kazimierz Rembiasz1 / Andrzej Budzyński1

2nd Department of General Surgery, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum in Cracow1

Students' Society of Science, 2nd Department of General Surgery, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum in Cracow2

Citation Information: Polish Journal of Surgery. Volume 84, Issue 4, Pages 184–189, ISSN (Print) 0032-373X, DOI: 10.2478/v10035-012-0030-3, June 2012

Publication History:
Published Online:
2012-06-14

Cystic Adrenal Lesions - Analysis of Indications and Results of Treatment

Cysts are a rare pathology of adrenal glands. As the development of new diagnostic techniques takes place, the occurrence of adrenal cystic lesions has been rapidly increasing. The majority of them are solid adrenal lesions, but localized fluid collections are also more frequently diagnosed. In case of solid adrenal lesions, there are straight indications for surgery, but on the other hand there are no clear guidelines and recommendations in case of adrenal cysts.

The aim of the study was to analyze surgical methods and evaluate treatment effects in patients who were qualified for laparoscopic adrenalectomy due to adrenal cystic lesions.

Metarial and methods. Identical criteria were used to qualify patients with solid and cystic lesions of the adrenal gland for surgery. Out of the whole number of 345 patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery for adrenal tumors, 28 had adrenal cysts. 16 of them (57%) were women and 12 (43%) men. The average age of the studied group was 46.4 years (25-62 years). The average cyst diameter in CT was 5.32 cm (1.1-10 cm). Most of the lesions were hormonally inactive (22 patients), but in 6 cases increased level of adrenal hormones was observed.

Results. Pathological analysis revealed 4 (14%) pheochromocytomas and 2 (7%) dermoid cysts. In case of 22 (79%) patients, the postoperative material was profiled by pathologists as insignificant according to potential neoplasmatic transformation risk: 5 (17.5%) - endothelial vascular cysts, 3 (11%) endothelial lymphatic cysts, 7 (25.5%) pseudocysts, 3 (11%) simple cysts, 2 (7%) bronchogenic cysts, 1 (3.5%) - cortical adenoma and 1 (3.5%) cyst was of myelolipoma type.

Conclusions. Based on the performed research and previous experience in treating patients with adrenal lesions we can conclude that application of the same evaluating algorithm for both cystic and solid lesions is valid.

Keywords: cystic adrenal lesions; laparoscopic adrenalectomy; endocrinological surgery; minimally invasive surgery; adrenal gland surgery; indications for surgery

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