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Licensed Unlicensed Requires Authentication Published by Deutscher Kunstverlag (DKV) July 1, 2018

Marienbild und Militanz in Friedrich Schillers Die Jungfrau von Orleans. Longue durée, Nachleben und Aktualisierung barockkatholischer Schlagbilder im Zeitalter der Revolutionskriege

  • Ulrich Port

Abstract

This essay demonstrates how Baroque Catholic motifs of an aggressive and militant Virgin Mary are envisioned in Friedrich Schiller’s tragedy Die Jungfrau von Orleans – motifs which seem to be anachronistic with regard to the late medieval setting of the Joan of Arc story as well as with regard to the date of origin of Schiller’s play (1800 –1801). But precisely this anachronism can be read as a symptom of the times around 1800: namely as a return of repressed stocks of images from the age of confessionalization which gained explosive force for different reasons in the first decade after the French Revolution. In the eighteenth century these visual and verbal images of the Virgin Mary had only been cultivated by late Baroque church art and within a popular religious longue durée, which had been criticized and neutralized by enlightened Catholicism and which had been attacked by revolutionary iconoclasm. At the turn of the century, they started a peculiar Nachleben and were – in the sense of Aby Warburg’s Revenants – remembered again, being reactivated and refreshed as Schlagbilder.

  1. Abbildungsnachweis: 1 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Alonso_Miguel_De_Tovar_Divine_Shepherdess.jpg (letzter Zugriff am 19. Februar 2018). — 2 Dietmar Spengler, Spiritualia et pictura. Die graphische Sammlung des ehemaligen Jesuitenkollegs in Köln, Köln 2003, Abb. 112. — 3 Bartolomé Esteban Murillo, 1617 –1682 (Ausst.-Kat. Madrid, Museo del Prado; London, Royal Academy of Arts), hg. von der Royal Academy of Arts, London 1982, 87, Kat.-Nr. 13. — 4 Guido Piovene, L’opera Completa di Giambattista Tiepolo, Mailand 1968, Tf. LXIV. — 5, 6 Hermann Kühlmann, Geschichte der Bayerischen Fahnen und Standarten, Bd. 3.1, München 1959 [als Manuskript gedruckt], 79, Abb. 153; 69, Abb. 132. — 7 Klaus Schreiner, Maria Victrix. Siegbringende Hilfen marianischer Zeichen in der Schlacht auf dem Weißen Berg (1620), in: Johannes Altenberend (Hg.), Kloster – Stadt – Region. Festschrift für Heinrich Rüthing, Bielefeld 2002, 87 –144, hier 104, Abb. 2. — 8 Heal 2007 (wie Anm. 21), Abb. 59. — 9 Michel Vovelle, La Révolution Française. Images et Récit 1789 –1799, Bd. 4, Paris 1986, 155. — 10 Paris, BNF, Estampes, coll. Hennin, t. 133, no. 11687. — 11 Viglione 1999 (wie Anm. 41), 27. — 12 Abraham a Sancta Clara 1993 (wie Anm. 44), 105.

Published Online: 2018-07-01
Published in Print: 2018-07-01

© 2018 Ulrich Port, published by De Gruyter

Downloaded on 29.3.2024 from https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/ZKG-2018-0015/html
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