Abstract
Biosurfactants are gaining importance due their large potential for industrial applications and their eco-friendly nature. The properties of biosurfactants can vary with their structure which is dependent upon strain, cultivation conditions and carbon source. A mannosylerythritol lipid (MEL) is one of the simplest biosurfactants with a well-defined structure produced by Pseudozyma antarctica (ATCC 32657). The study includes the surfactant properties of MEL produced on soybean oil with sucrose as substrate. MEL showed surface activity at very low concentrations. The various properties were explained on the basis of the structural similarity between MEL and Gemini surfactant. The performance properties of SLS like foaming, emulsification and wetting were improved when SLS was partially substituted (5–20 %) by MEL. Based on the study, MEL can be used in various cosmetic products like shaving creams, skin creams and lotions, where MEL will not only enhance foaming property but also provide moisturizing and healing properties on skin.
Kurzfassung
Aufgrund ihrer vielen Anwendungsmöglichkeiten in der Industrie und ihrer umweltfreundlichen Eigenschaften erlangen Biotenside zunehmende Bedeutung. Die Eigenschaften der Biotenside variieren mit ihrer Struktur, die von dem Stamm, den Kultivierungsbedingungen und der Kohlenstoffquelle abhängen. Mannosylerythritollipide (MEL) gehören zu den einfachsten Biotensiden mit einer definierten Struktur, die von dem Bakterium Pseudozyma antarctica (ATCC 32657) synthetisiert werden. In dieser Untersuchung werden die Tensideigenschaften von MEL, die in Sojaöl auf dem Substrat Saccharose hergestellt wurden, behandelt. MEL zeigt schon bei sehr geringen Konzentrationen Oberflächenaktivität. Die verschiedenen Eigenschaften werden auf Basis der strukturellen Ähnlichkeit zwischen MEL und den Geminitensiden erklärt. Die Leistung von Natriumlaurylsulfat (SLS) wie Schaumvermögen, Emulsionsvermögen und Benetzung werden verbessert, wenn man SLS teilweise durch MEL (5–20 %) ersetzt. Auf Basis dieser Untersuchungen kann man MEL in verschiedenen Kosmetikprodukten wie Rasiercremes, Hautcremes und Lotionen einsetzen, wobei MEL nicht nur die Schaumeigenschaft verstärkt, sondern auch für Feuchtigkeit und Heilung auf der Haut sorgt.
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