Skip to content
Licensed Unlicensed Requires Authentication Published by De Gruyter (A) June 9, 2020

Between ingressivity and resultativity: The prefix za- in contemporary Polish from a cross-Slavic perspective

  • Marek Łaziński EMAIL logo

Summary

The aim of this paper is to describe the submeanings of the prefix za- in its perfectivising function in Polish. The semantic meaning of this prefix deserves a reassessment given its high productivity in new, often colloquial verbal deri­vatives. In such derivatives, e. g. zagłosować ‘vote’, zawalczyć ‘struggle’ or zapozować ‘pose’, as well as in many other older verbs, the meaning of za- seems to be distinctly different from the traditionally assumed meanings: in­gressive, allative, hiding, covering or damaging (a discussion of previous analyses of za- is presented in Section 2). This article proposes a new meaning of Polish za-: the segmentative meaning (see Section 3.4). The object of this analysis is za- in purely aspectual pairs of verbs consisting of an unprefixed imperfective (ipf.) and a perfective (pf.) with za- (for the defini­tion of a purely aspectual pair of verbs and some modifications for motion verbs, see Sections 1 and 3.5). The paper is not concerned with Aktionsart meanings expressed by the prefix za- in lexical derivations from a simplex ipf. verb in which a pf. verb is paired with another derived imperfective. Such pairs of pf. and impf. verbs in za- are considered only as a background for the analysis of za- as a pure perfectiviser.


Note

This research work was conducted as part of the project “The Development of the Polish Aspect System in the Last 250 Years against the Background of Neighbouring Languages” funded by the German Research Foundation and the Polish National Science Center (project number 2016/23/G/HS2/00922).


References

Bacz, Barbara. 2005. For the unity of meaning of the Polish verbal prefix za-. In Makkai, A., W. J. Sullivan & A. R. Lommel (eds.), LACUS Forum XXXI, 93–104. Houston, Lacus.Search in Google Scholar

Bacz, Barbara. 2012. Reflections on semelfactivity in Polish. In Studies in Polish Linguistics 7, 107–128.Search in Google Scholar

Braginsky, Pavel. 2008. The semantics of the prefix za- in Russian. PhD dissertation, Bar-Ilan University Israel.Search in Google Scholar

Bralczyk, Jerzy. (ed.). 2005. Słownik 100 tysięcy potrzebnych słów. Warszawa: WN PWN.Search in Google Scholar

Čertkova, Maria Ju. 1996. Grammatičeskaja kategorija vida v russkom jazyke. Moskva: Izd. Moskovskogo Universiteta.Search in Google Scholar

Cockiewicz, Wacław. 1992. Aspekt na tle systemu słowotwórczego polskiego czasownika i jego funkcyjne odpowiedniki w języku niemieckim. Kraków: Wydawnictwo UJ.Search in Google Scholar

Cockiewicz, Wacław & Anna Matlak. 1995. Strukturalny słownik aspektowy czasowników polskich. Kraków: Wydawnictwo UJ.Search in Google Scholar

Dickey, Stephen M. M. 2000. Parameters of Slavic Aspect. Stanford: CSLI Publ.Search in Google Scholar

Dickey, Stephen M. 2005. S-/Z- and the grammaticalisation of aspect in Slavic. In Slovenski jezik. Slovene Linguistic Studies 5, 3–55.Search in Google Scholar

Dickey, Stephen M. & Julie Hutcheson. 2003. Delimitative verbs in Russian, Czech and Slavic. In Maguire, R. A. & A. Timberlake (eds.), American Contributions to the Thirteenth Con­gress of Slavists, 23–36. Bloomington/I.: Slavica.Search in Google Scholar

Doroszewski, Witold (ed.). 1956–1978. Słownik języka polskiego. Warszawa: Wiedza Powsz.Search in Google Scholar

Dunaj, Bogusław (ed.). 1996. Słownik współczesnego języka polskiego. Warszawa: Wilga.Search in Google Scholar

Esvan, François. 2007. Vidová morfologie českého slova. Praha: Lidové Noviny.Search in Google Scholar

Grzegorczykowa, Renata, Roman Laskowski & Henryk Wróbel (eds.). 1998. Gramatyka współczesnego języka polskiego: Morfologia. Warszawa: PWN.Search in Google Scholar

Ivančev, Svetomir. 1961. Kontekstovo obuslovena ingresivna upotreba na glagolite ot nesvăršen vid v češkija ezik. In Godišnik na Sofijskija Universitet 54 (3), 1–152.Search in Google Scholar

Janda, Laura. 1986. A Semantic Analysis of the Russian Verbal Prefixes za-, pere-, do- and ot-. München: Sagner.10.3726/b13088Search in Google Scholar

Karłowicz, Jan. 1977 [1900–1911]. Słownik gwar polskich. Warszawa: Wyd. Artystyczne i Filmowe.Search in Google Scholar

Kopečny, František. 1962. Slovesný vid v češtine. Praha: Nakl. Československé Akademie Věd.Search in Google Scholar

Křižková, Helena. 1962. Über den Ausdruck verschiedener Handlungsphasen im Russischen und Tschechischen. In Zeitschrift für Slawistik 7 (1), 113–124.Search in Google Scholar

Łaziński, Marek. 2008. O głosowaniu i zagłosowaniu. Polityczne aspekty aspektu. In Brehmer, B., K. Fischer & G. Krumbholz (eds.), Aspekte, Kategorien und Kontakte slavischer Sprachen. Festschrift für Volkmar Lehmann, 287–299. Hamburg: Kovač.Search in Google Scholar

Pavlova, N. I. 1988. Semantičeskij potencial prefiksov v russkom slovoobrazovanii. In Edin­stvo sistemnogo i funkcional’nogo analiza jazykovych edinic, 42–55. Belgorod: Izd. Bel­go­rodskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta.Search in Google Scholar

Piwowar, Jolanta. 2003. Funkcje prefiksu po- we współczesnym języku polskim. In Prace Języko­znawcze 5, 141–157.Search in Google Scholar

Śmiech, Witold. 1986. Derywacja prefiksalna czasowników polskich. Wrocław, Warszawa & Kraków: Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich.Search in Google Scholar

Szymczak, M. (ed.). 1978–1985, 91995. Słownik języka polskiego. Warszawa: PWN.Search in Google Scholar

Tabakowska, Elżbieta. 2003. Space and time in Polish. The verbal preposition za and the verbal prefix za-. In Cuyckens, H. et al. (eds.), Motivation in Language. Studies in Honor of Günther Radden, 153–177. Amsterdam/Ph.: Benjamins.10.1075/cilt.243.12tabSearch in Google Scholar

USJP (2003) = Dubisz, Stanisław (ed.). 2003. Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego. Warszawa: PWN.Search in Google Scholar

Volochina G. A. & E. D. Popova. 1993. Russkie glagol’nye pristavki: semantičeskoe ustroj­stvo, sistemnye otnošenija. Voronež: Izd. Voronežskogo Universiteta.Search in Google Scholar

Zaliznjak Anna A. & Aleksej D. Šmelev. 1997. Lekcii po russkoj aspektologii. München: Sagner.10.3726/b12573Search in Google Scholar

Published Online: 2020-06-09
Published in Print: 2020-05-26

© 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Downloaded on 28.3.2024 from https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/slaw-2020-0013/html
Scroll to top button