Abstract
Two new digenean species are described from the intertidal blenny Scartichthys viridis (Valenciennes) (Blenniidae) collected off the coasts of Chile. The digenean Monorchimacradena viridis n. sp. (Lecithasteridae: Macradenininae) differs from the only known species described in the genus, M. acanthuri Nahhas and Cable 1964, in the presence of Drüsenmagen in the caeca, the location of the seminal vesicle between the testis and ovary (anterior to the testis in M. viridis n. sp.), and the pre-ovarian vitellarium. Megasolena littoralis n. sp. (Haploporidae), which is also reported from Scartichthys gigas (Steindachner), differs from the five valid species of Megasolena in that the post-caecal region (from the posterior edge of the caeca to the end of the body) is larger in M. viridis n. sp., meaning that the caeca are shortest in this species. Also, M. littoralis n. sp. is distinguished, from the other congeneric species, in a combination of characteristics, e.g., body length, suckers, pharynx, testes, hermaphroditic sac and sucker-length ratio. Sequences of ITS2 rDNA were generated for specimens of both species from various localities, indicating that it was invariant within the species. This study describes species of Monorchimacradena and Megasolena in Chilean waters, here reported for the first time off the Pacific Coast of South America.
Acknowledgments
We thank N. Leiva for providing data of digeneans from Antofagasta, northern Chile. This study was supported by the grant, Proyecto Regular Fondecyt 1130304, awarded to M.G-N.
References
Aljanabi S. M., Martinez I. 1997. Universal and rapid salt-extraction of high quality genomic DNA for PCR-based techniques. Nucleic Acids Research, 25, 4692–4693. 10.1093/nar/ 25.22.4692Search in Google Scholar
Amato J.F.R. 1982. Digenetic trematodes of percoid fishes of Florianópolis, southern Brasil – Fellodistomidae, Monascidae, Diplangidae, Zoogonidae, and Waretrematidae with description of two new species. Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 42, 681–699Search in Google Scholar
Anderson G.R., Barker S.C. 1993. Species differentiation in the Didymozoidae (Digenea): restriction fragment length differences in internal transcribed spacer and 5.8S ribosomal DNA. International Journal for Parasitology, 23, 133–136. 10.1016/0020-7519(93)90106-9Search in Google Scholar
Blasco-Costa I., Balbuena J.A., Kostadinova A., Olson P.D. 2009. Interrrelationships of the Haploporinae (Digenea: Aploporidae): a molecular test of the taxonomic framework based on morphology. Parasitology International, 58, 263–269. 10.1016/j.parint.2009.03.006Search in Google Scholar
Bowles J., Hope M., Tiu W.U., Liu X.S., McManus D.P. 1993. Nuclear and mitochondrial genetic markers highly conserved between Chinese and Philippine Schistosoma japonicum. Acta Tropica, 55, 217–229. 10.1016/0001-706X(93)90079-QSearch in Google Scholar
Bunkley-Williams I., Dyer W.G., Williams E.H. 1997. Some aspidogastrid and digenean trematodes of Puerto Rican marine fishes. Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, 8, 87–92. 10.1577/1548-8667(1996)008<0087:SAADTO>2.3.CO;2Search in Google Scholar
Bush A.O., Lafferty K.D., Lotz J.M., Shostak A.W. 1997. Parasitology meets ecology on its own terms: Margolis et al. revisited. Journal of Parasitology, 83, 575–583. 10.2307/3284227.Search in Google Scholar
Castañeda L., Carvajal H., Vélez I. 2003. Algunos trematodos digeneos de peces marinos de Charambirá (Chocó, Colombia). Actualidades Biológicas, 25, 147–155. (In Spanish)10.17533/udea.acbi.329495Search in Google Scholar
Castro R., Muñoz G. 2011. Two species of Colobomatus (Copepoda: Phylichthydae) parasitic on coastal fishes in Chilean waters. Crustaceana, 84, 385–400. 10.1163/001121611X555417Search in Google Scholar
Cordeiro A., Luque J.L. 2005. Aspectos quantitativos dos metazoarios parasitos do sargo-de-dente, Archosargus rhomboidalis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Osteichthyes, Sparidae) do litoral do estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Zoociencias Juiz de Fora, 7, 7–14. (In Portuguese)Search in Google Scholar
Chambers C.B., Cribb T.H. 2006. Phylogeny, evolution and biogeography of the Quadrifoliovariinae Yamaguti, 1965 (Digenea: Lecithasteridae). Systematic Parasitology, 63, 61–82. 10.1007/s11230-005-9007-5Search in Google Scholar
Díaz F., George-Nascimento M. 2002. Estabilidad temporal de las infracomunidades de parásitos en la borrachilla Scartichthys viridis (Valenciennes, 1836) (Pisces: Blenniidae) en la costa central de Chile. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 75, 641–649. 10.4067/S0716-078X2002000400001. (In Spanish)Search in Google Scholar
Díaz P., Muñoz G. 2010. Diet and parasites of the insular fish Scartichthys variolatus (Blenniidae) from Robinson Crusoe Island, Chile: How different is this from two continental congeneric species? Revista de Biología Marina y Oceanografía, 45, 293–301. 10.4067/S0718-19572010000200011Search in Google Scholar
Díaz P. E., Muñoz G., George-Nascimento M. 2016. A new species of Hemipera Nicoll, 1913 (Digenea: Derogenidae) from fishes of the intertidal rocky zone of Chile. Acta Parasitologica, 61: 516–522. 10.1515/ap-2016-0068Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Don R.H., Cox P.T., Wainwright B.J., Baker K., Mattick J.S. 1991. “Touchdown” PCR to circumvent spurious priming during gene amplification. Nucleic Acids Research, 19, 4008. 10.1093/nar/19.14.4008Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Fernandes B.M.M., Kohn A., Magalhaes-Pinto R. 1985. Aspidogastrid and digenetic trematodes. Parasites of marine fishes of the coast of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 45, 109–116Search in Google Scholar
Fischthal J.H., Williams M.O. 1971. Some digenetic trematodes of marine fishes from Sierra Leone. Journal of Helminthology, 45, 41–50. 10.1017/S0022149X0000691XSearch in Google Scholar
Flores K., George-Nascimento M. 2009. Las infracomunidades de parásitos de dos especies de Scartichthys (Pisces: Blenniidae) en localidades cercanas del norte de Chile. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 82, 63–71. 10.4067/ S0716-078X2009000100004. (In Spanish)Search in Google Scholar
Gibson D.I., Bray R.A. 1979. The Hemiuroidea: terminology, systematic and evolution. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology series, 36, 35–146.10.5962/ bhl.part.3604Search in Google Scholar
Hutton R. F., Sogandares-Bernal F. 1960. A list of parasites from marine and coastal animals of Florida. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 79, 287–292. 10.2307/3223735Search in Google Scholar
Iannacone J., Vanesa S., Olazabal N., Salvador C., Alvariño L., Molano J. 2012. Índices ecológicos de los parásitos de Scartichthys gigas (Steidachner, 1876) (Perciformes, Blenniidae) de las costas de Lima, Perú. Neotropical Helminthology, 6, 191–204. (In Spanish)Search in Google Scholar
Koetschan C., Hackl T., Müller T., Wolf M., Förster F., Schultz J. 2012. ITS2 database IV: interactive taxon sampling for internal transcribed spacer 2 based phylogenies. Molecular Phylogenetic and Evolution, 63, 585–588. 10.1016/j.ympev. 2012.01.026Search in Google Scholar
Linton E. 1910. Helminth fauna of the dry Tortugas II. Trematodes. Papers from the Tortugas Laboratory of the Carnegie Institute of Washington, 4, 11–98Search in Google Scholar
Liu S.F., Zhou L., Yu S.Z., Liu J. 2006. A new species of haploporid (Digenea) from the South China Sea. Journal of Parasitology, 92, 620–622. 10.1645/GE-692R.1Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Machida M., Uchida A. 1991. A new species of Megasolena (Trematoda, Waretrematidae) from surgeonfishes of Japanese and adjacent waters. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo. Series A. Zoology, 17, 111–114Search in Google Scholar
Manter H.W. 1931. Some digenetic trematodes of marine fishes of Beaufort, North Carolina. Parasitology, 23, 396–411. 10.1017/S0031182000013755Search in Google Scholar
Manter H.W. 1935. The structure and taxonomic position of Megasolena estrix Linton 1910 (Trematoda) with notes on related trematodes. Parasitology, 27, 431–439. 10.1017/S00311 8200001533XSearch in Google Scholar
Manter H.W. 1947. The digenetic trematodes of marine fishes of Tortugas, Florida. American Midland Naturalist, 38, 257–416. 10.2307/2421571Search in Google Scholar
Manter H.W. 1954. Trematoda of the Gulf of Mexico. Fishery Bulletin of the Fish and Wildlife Service, 55, 335–350Search in Google Scholar
Montoya-Mendoza J., Jiménez-Badillo M.L., Salgado-Maldonado G. 2014. Helminths of Ocyurus chrysurus from coastal reefs in Veracruz, Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad, 85, 957–960. 10.7550/rmb.43343Search in Google Scholar
Muñoz G. 2010. A new species of Pseudodelphis (Dracunculoidea: Guyanemidae) in the intertidal fish Scartichthys viridis (Blenniidae) from Central Chile. Journal of Parasitology, 96, 152–156. 10.1645/GE-2163.1Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Muñoz-Muga P., Muñoz G. 2010. Comunidades de parásitos de Scartichthys viridis (Pisces: Blenniidae) de Chile central: localidad vs. longitud del hospedador. Revista de Biología Marina y Oceanografia, 45, 165–169. 10.4067/S0718-19572010 000100018. (In Spanish)Search in Google Scholar
Munoz G., Delorme N. 2011. Variaciones temporales de las comunidades de parásitos de peces intermareales de Chile central: hospedadores residentes vs temporales. Revista de Biología Marina y Oceanografia, 43, 313–327. 10.4067/S0718-19572011000300003. (In Spanish)Search in Google Scholar
Muñoz G., Randhawa H. 2011. Monthly variation in the parasite communities of the intertidal fish Scartichthys viridis (Blenniidae) from central Chile: are there seasonal patterns? Parasitology Research, 109, 53–62. 10.1007/s00436-010-2220-4Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Nahhas F.M. 1993. Some Acanthocephala and Digenea of marine fish from Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands, British West Indies. Journal of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 60, 270–272Search in Google Scholar
Nahhas F.M., Cable R.M. 1964. Digenetic and aspidogastrid trematodes from marine fishes of Curacao and Jamaica. Tulane Studies in Zoology, 11, 169–22810.5962/bhl.part.7052Search in Google Scholar
Ojeda F.P., Muñoz A.A. 1999. Feeding selectivity of the herbivorous fish Scartichthys viridis: effects on macroalgal community structure in a temperate a rocky intertidal coastal zone. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 184, 219–229.10.3354/meps184219Search in Google Scholar
Overstreet R.M. 1969. Digenetic trematodes of marine teleost fishes from Biscayne Bay, Florida. Tulane Studies in Zoology and Botany, 15, 119–176Search in Google Scholar
Peña M.F., Poulin E., Dantas G.P.M., González-Acuña D., Petry M.V., Vianna J.A. 2014. Have Historical Climate Changes Affected Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis papua) Populations in Antarctica? PLoS ONE, 9:e95375. 10.1371/journal.pone.0095375Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Sogandares-Bernal F. 1959. Digenetic trematodes of marine fishes from the Gulf of Panama and Bimini, British West Indies. Tulane Studies in Zoology, 7, 69–117Search in Google Scholar
Sogandares-Bernal F., Hutton R.F. 1959. Studies on helminth parasites of the coast of Florida. I. Digenetic trematodes of marine fishes from Tampa and Boca Ciega Bays with descriptions of two new species. Bulletin of Marine Science of the Gulf and Caribbean, 9, 53–6810.2307/3274511Search in Google Scholar
Tamura K., Peterson D., Peterson N., Stecher G., Nei M., Kumar S. 2011. MEGA5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 28, 2731–2739. 10.1093/molbev/msr121Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Williams J.T. 1990. Phylogenetic relationships and revision of the blenniid fish genus Scartichthys. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 492, 1–30. 10.5962/bhl.title.48741Search in Google Scholar
Zietara M.S., Lebedeva D., Muñoz G., Lumme J. 2012. A monogenean fish parasite, Gyrodactylus chileani n. sp., belonging to a novel marine species lineage found in the South-Eastern Pacific and the Mediterranean and North Seas Systematic Parasitology, 83, 159–167. 10.1007/s11230-012-9379-2Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
© 2017 W. Stefański Institute of Parasitology, PAS
