Abstract
A uniform carbon tax and Citizen Carbon Fund are proposed as a zero-sum system of transfers that can increase equilibrium participation and result in a positive carbon check for each citizen covered by the agreement. The carbon tax results in efficient abatement, generates tax revenue and finances transfers that increase equilibrium participation in a climate agreement. A single carbon price is easier to negotiate than many different abatement requirements, but mirrors the results of a cap-and-trade agreement. An example using the four largest carbon emitters illustrates the set of stable agreements, the transfers required for stability and the resulting carbon checks.
References
Aldy, J. 2015. “Pricing Climate Risk Mitigation.” Nature Climate Change 5: 396–8. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2540.Search in Google Scholar
Barrett, S. 1994. “Self-enforcing International Environmental Agreements.” Oxford Economic Papers 46: 878–94. https://doi.org/10.1093/oep/46.supplement_1.878.Search in Google Scholar
Caparrós, A., and M. Finus. 2015. The International Library of Critical Writings in Economics, Series Ed. Mark Blaug, Game Theory and International Environmental Cooperation, edited by Caparrós, A. and Finus, M. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.Search in Google Scholar
Cronin, J., D. Fullerton, and S. Sexton. 2019. “Vertical and Horizontal Redistributions from a Carbon Tax and Rebate.” Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists 6 (S1): 169–208. https://doi.org/10.1086/701191.Search in Google Scholar
Falkinger, J., F. Hackl, and G. J. Pruckner. 1996. “A Fair Mechanism for Efficient Reduction of Global CO2-emissions.” FinanzArchiv 53: 308–31.Search in Google Scholar
Finus, M., and M. McGinty. 2019. “The Anti-paradox of Cooperation: Diversity May Pay.” Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 157: 541–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2018.10.015.Search in Google Scholar
Fischer, C., I. Parry, and W. Pizer. 2003. “Instrument Choice for Environmental Protection when Technological Innovation is Endogenous.” Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 45 (3): 523–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0095-0696(03)00002-0.Search in Google Scholar
Klenert, D., L. Mattauch, E. Combet, O. Edenhofer, C. Hepburn, R. Rafaty, and N. Stern. 2018. “Making Carbon Prices Work for Citizens.” Nature Climate Change 8: 669–77. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0201-2.Search in Google Scholar
Klis, A. 2019. “Identity and Equal Treatment in Negative Externality Agreements.” International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics 19: 615–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10784-019-09456-5.Search in Google Scholar
Kornek, U., and O. Edenhofer. 2020. “The Strategic Dimension of Financing Global Public Goods.” European Economic Review 127: 27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2020.103423.Search in Google Scholar
Lessmann, K., U. Kornek, V. Bosetti, R. Dellink, J. Emmerling, J. Eyckmans, M. Nagashima, H. Weikard, and Z. Yang. 2015. “The Stability and Effectiveness of Climate Coalitions: A Comparative Analysis of Multiple Integrated Assessment Models.” Environmental and Resource Economics 62: 811–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10640-015-9886-0.Search in Google Scholar
Marchiori, C., S. Dietz, and A. Tavoni. 2017. “Domestic Politics and the Formation of International Environmental Agreements.” Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 81: 115–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2016.09.009.Search in Google Scholar
McEvoy, D., and M. McGinty. 2018. “Negotiating a Uniform Emissions Tax in International Environmental Agreements.” Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 90: 217–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2018.06.001.Search in Google Scholar
McGinty, M. 2007. “International Environmental Agreements Among Asymmetric Nations.” Oxford Economic Papers 59 (1): 45–62.10.1093/oep/gpl028Search in Google Scholar
Stern, D., J. Pezzey, and N. Lambie. 2011. “Where in the World Is it Cheapest to Cut Carbon Emissions?” The Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 56 (3): 315–31. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8489.2011.00576.x.Search in Google Scholar
Weikard, H. P. 2009. “Cartel Stability under Optimal Sharing Rule.” The Manchester School 77 (5): 575–93. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9957.2009.02111.x.Search in Google Scholar
Weitzman, M. 2014. “Can Negotiating a Uniform Carbon Price Help to Internalize the Global Warming Externality?” Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists 1 (1): 29–41. https://doi.org/10.1086/676039.Search in Google Scholar
© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston