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Licensed Unlicensed Requires Authentication Published by De Gruyter April 29, 2016

Degradation rates and products of pure magnesium exposed to different aqueous media under physiological conditions

  • Marc Kieke , Frank Feyerabend ORCID logo EMAIL logo , Jacques Lemaitre , Peter Behrens and Regine Willumeit-Römer
From the journal BioNanoMaterials

Abstract

As magnesium and many of its alloys are a promising class of degradable implant materials, a thorough understanding of their degradation under physiological conditions is a key challenge in the field of biomaterial science. In order to increase the predictive power of in vitro studies, it is necessary to imitate the in vivo conditions, track the decomposition process and identify the products that form during the degradation pathway. In this in vitro study, slices of pure magnesium were exposed to Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS), Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) and simulated body fluid (SBF), respectively, under cell culture conditions, which included CO2 gassing. The series were repeated with supplements of fetal bovine serum (FBS), added to the respective media. Degradation rates, osmolality and pH were found to vary with the choice of medium and supplementation with proteins. In order to identify the crystalline degradation products, the crusts formed on the specimens were investigated via X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. As expected, brucite, Mg(OH)2, was found among the degradation products; interestingly, nesquehonite, Mg(HCO3)(OH)·2H2O, was found to be the dominant degradation product in this study. The experimental data are well in accordance with solubility calculations.


Corresponding author: Dr. Frank Feyerabend, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Institute of Materials Science, Division Metallic Biomaterials, Department for Material Design and Characterization, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany, Phone: +49 (0)4152 871259, Fax: +49 (0)4152 872595
aMarc Kieke and Frank Feyerabend: These authors contributed equally to this study.
  1. Author’s statement

    Conflict of interest: Authors state no conflict of interest.

  2. Materials and methods

    Informed consent: Informed consent has been obtained from all individuals included in this study.

  3. Ethical approval: The research related to human use has been complied with all the relevant national regulations, institutional policies and in accordance the tenets of the Helsinki Declaration, and has been approved by the authors’ institutional review board or equivalent committee.

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Received: 2015-11-24
Accepted: 2016-4-1
Published Online: 2016-4-29
Published in Print: 2016-9-1

©2016 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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