Abstract
Fifteen attached macroalgae from the Madeira Archipelago, comprising three green, three red and nine brown algal species, as well as two beach-cast macroalgal samples, collected along the north shore of Gran Canaria, were assessed for their biochemical properties. The analysis included the determination of total minerals, total carbohydrates, protein, lipids, chlorophyll a, total carotenoids, total phenolic content, fucoxanthin and phycobilins (allophycocyanin, phycocyanin and phycoerythrin). The results showed a high variability of biochemical composition, allowing for the targetting of specific bioresources for particular purposes, including functional foods. This work provides the foundation for a biorefinery strategy implementation plan, for which specific macroalgae may be targeted for valuable and beneficial compounds.
About the authors
Nuno Nunes has a degree in biochemistry (2008) and a Master’s degree in applied biochemistry (2011). He is currently engaged in a PhD in biological sciences in Universidade da Madeira, ISOPlexis Germplasm bank, entitled “Evaluation of the use of marine macroalgae in the industrial production of biorefinery-derived biofunctional products”. He has published six scientific articles involving macroalgal biocompounds.
Sofia Valente is a cellular and molecular biologist with experience in macroalgal prospecting, processing and culture maintenance, nutritional and biochemical parameters, macroalgal extractions for the development of seaweed based products and for use in developing supplements enriched with iodine, and quality control of seaweed based products.
Sónia Ferraz has a BSc in biology. Since 2010 she works as a biotechnological evaluator of genetic resources. She evaluates and bio prospects genetic resources (algae) using sampling techniques, cultivation, establishment of pure cultures, and documentation of the collection. She develops studies aimed at industrial application, article publications and transmission of knowledge and technology and collaborates in partnerships to develop R&D projects in the Germoplasm Bank ISOPlexis at Universidade da Madeira.
Maria Carmo Barreto is an auxiliary professor at the Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Azores. She obtained her BSc in biology at the University of Lisbon (1985), her MSc in biotechnology (1989) at the Technical University of Lisbon and her PhD in biochemistry at the University of Azores (2000). Her main research interests are biological activities of terrestrial and marine natural products, enzymes and enzyme inhibition by natural products, and the search for bioindicators of natural and anthropogenic environmental stress.
Miguel A.A. Pinheiro de Carvalho is an associate professor in biochemistry. He is a coordinator of ISOPlexis Centre and of bio-sustainability domain of Madeira Regional Smart Specialization. His research interests are in: bioprospection and survey of bioresources, and genetic resources evaluation, using functional traits and markers. He has been a researcher in 34 research projects, including the CASBio (monitoring the climate change in agriculture) and BLUE IODINE (seaweed iodine for health). He has published 10 monographs, 19 chapters, and 77 scientific papers.
Acknowledgements
This work was supported financially by ARDITI [Regional Agency for the Development of Research Technology and Innovation (M14-20-09-5369-FSE-000001-Doctorate in Business)], DemoBlueAlgae PROCiência 2020 (M1420-01-0247-FEDER000002), MACBIOBLUE (MAC/1.1b/086), and Interreg MAC 2014–2020. We also acknowledge DRCT (Azores Regional Government) for co-financing the research. The Portuguese National Funds through FCT, and FEDER, within the PT2020 Partnership Agreement by funding the cE3c centre (UID/BIA/00329/2013) and the Azorean Biodiversity Group are thanked for their contributions. We likewise want to express our gratitude to the three anonymous reviewers and the editors of Botanica Marina for the helpful and much appreciated revision. Finally, we would like to thank the esteemed help of Professor Gavin W. Maneveldt, from the University of the Western Cape, in the final revision of this work.
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