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The issue of arbitrariness in syntactic reconstruction

  • Don Daniels EMAIL logo
From the journal Folia Linguistica

Abstract

Practitioners of syntactic reconstruction have not acknowledged that arbitrariness and iconicity influence syntactic change, and that they therefore need to be incorporated into methods of reconstruction. I argue that iconicity creates a directional tendency in syntactic change, privileging structures that are more iconic. I propose a method for incorporating this fact into methods of syntactic reconstruction. I demonstrate the application of this method on two pieces of reconstructed syntax: orientation serial verb constructions and left-peripheral topics. Both case studies are from Proto-Sogeram, the ancestor to ten languages of Papua New Guinea. A third, briefer case study concerns Proto-Carib.


Corresponding author: Don Daniels, Department of Linguistics, 1290 University of Oregon, Eugene, USA, E-mail:

Funding source: University of California, Santa Barbara

Funding source: Pacific Rim Research Program

Funding source: NSF

Award Identifier / Grant number: 1264157

Funding source: ELDP

Award Identifier / Grant number: IGS0221

Acknowledgments

I am grateful to Spike Gildea, Marianne Mithun, three anonymous reviewers, and the FoLH editorial team for helpful feedback on this paper. A version of this research was also presented at the 24th International Conference on Historical Linguistics in Canberra, Australia, and I am grateful to the audience there for additional feedback. Fieldwork on the Sogeram languages was supported by a U.S. Department of Education Javits Fellowship, the Living Tongues Institute for Endangered Languages, the UCSB Department of Linguistics, the UC Pacific Rim Research Program, NSF Grant BCS-1264157, and ELDP Grant IGS0221.

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Received: 2020-08-26
Accepted: 2020-11-23
Published Online: 2021-10-14
Published in Print: 2021-11-25

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