Abstract
Unusual mafic dykes occur in the proximity of the Ambadongar Carbonatite Complex, Lower Narmada Valley, Gujarat, India. The dykes contain dense population of quartz xenocrysts within the basaltic matrix metasomatised by carbonate-rich fluids. Plagioclase feldspars, relict pyroxenes, chlorite, barite, rutile, magnetite, Fe-Ti oxides and glass were identified in the basaltic matrix. Quartz xenocrysts occur in various shapes and sizes and form an intricate growth pattern with carbonates. The xenocrysts are fractured and contain several types of primary and secondary, single phase and two-phase fluid inclusions. The two-phase inclusions are dominated by aqueous liquid, whereas the monophase inclusions are composed of carbonic gas and the aqueous inclusions homogenize to liquid between 226°C and 361°C. Majority of the inclusions are secondary in origin and are therefore unrelated to the crystallization of quartz. Moreover, the inclusions have mixed carbonic-aqueous compositions that inhibit their direct correlation with the crustal or mantle fluids. The composition of dilute CO2-rich fluids observed in the quartz xenocrysts appear similar to those exsolved during the final stages of evolution of the Amba Dongar carbonatites. However, the carbonates are devoid of fluid inclusions and therefore their genetic relation with the quartz xenocrysts cannot be established.
References
[1] Webb R.W., Quartz xenocrysts in olivine basalt from the southern Sierra Nevada of California, Am. Miner., 1941, 5, 321-327Search in Google Scholar
[2] Holub F.V., Two genetic types of ocelli in some mafic rocks from the Central Bohemian Plutonic Complex: No room for transformistic speculations, Geolines, 2003, 16, 43Search in Google Scholar
[3] Groves D.I., Ho S.E., Phillips G.N., Fluid inclusions as indicators of the nature and source of ore fluids and ore depositional conditions for Archaean gold deposits of the Yilgarn Block, Western Australia, Trans. Geol. Soc. South Africa, 1979, 89, 149-158Search in Google Scholar
[4] Roedder E., Origin and significance ofmagmatic inclusions, Bull. Minéral., 1979, 102, 487-51010.3406/bulmi.1979.7299Search in Google Scholar
[5] Roedder E., Fluid Inclusions. Rev. Mineral., 12, Mineralogical Society of America, 198410.1515/9781501508271Search in Google Scholar
[6] Roedder E., Fluid inclusion evidence for immiscibility in magmatic differentiation, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1992, 56, 5-2010.1016/0016-7037(92)90113-WSearch in Google Scholar
[7] Jaireth S., Sen A.K., Verma O.P., Fluid inclusion studies in apatite of the Sung Valley carbonatite complex, N. E. India: Evidence of melt-fluid immiscibility, J. Geol. Soc. India, 1991, 37, 547-559Search in Google Scholar
[8] Ramasamy R., Gwalani L.G., Lytwyn J., CO2 and H2O fluid inclusions in some mineral phases from the carbonatite alkaline complex of Tirupattur, Tamil Nadu, India: A preliminary study, SEGMITE International, 2004, 1, 7-13Search in Google Scholar
[9] Sukheswala R.N., Avasia R.K., Carbonatite-alkaline complex of Panwad-Kawant, Gujarat and its bearing on the structural characteristics of the area, Bull. Volcanol., 1972, 35, 564-57810.1007/BF02596828Search in Google Scholar
[10] Deans T., Powell L.L., Trace elements and strontium isotopes in carbonatites, fluorites and limestones from India and Pakistan, Nature, 1972, 218, 750-75210.1038/218750a0Search in Google Scholar
[11] Gwalani L.G., Rock N.M.S., Chang W-J, Fernandez S., Allegre CJ, Prinzhofer A., Alkaline rocks and carbonatites of Amba Dongar and adjacent areas, Deccan igneous province, Gujarat, India. 1. Geology, petrography and petrochemistry, Mineral. Petrol., 1993, 47, 219-25310.1007/BF01161569Search in Google Scholar
[12] Srivastava R.K., Petrology, geochemistry and genesis of rift related carbonatites of Ambadungar, India. Mineral. Petrol., 1997, 61, 47-6610.1007/BF01172477Search in Google Scholar
[13] Randive K. R., Occurrence of xenoliths in the lamprophyre and picrobasalt dykes of Bakhatgarh-Phulmal area, Jhabua district, Madhya Pradesh, India. In: Srivastava R. K. (ed.), Dyke Swarms: Keys for geodynamic interpretation, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2011, 301-313Search in Google Scholar
[14] Sukheswala, R. N.,; Avasia, R. K., and Master, D. J. Dyke cluster of Phenai Mata Region, Chhota Udaipur, Gujarat. In: Murty (Ed.) West Commemoration Volume, 1970, qv, 608-616Search in Google Scholar
[15] Sukheswala, R. N., and Avasia, R. K. Carbonatite-alkalic complex of Panwad-Kawant, Gujarat and its bearing on the structural characteristics of the Area. Bull. Volcanol., 1972, 35(3),564-57810.1007/BF02596828Search in Google Scholar
[16] Sukheswala, R. N., and Borges, S. M. The carbonatite-injected sandstones of Siriwasan, Chhota Udaipur, Gujarat. Indian J. Earth Sci., 1975, 2, 1-10Search in Google Scholar
[17] Sukheswala, R.N., Srivastava, A.N., Mahambre, S.J., and Gwalani, L.G., UGC Report on Geology of Bakhatgarh-Phulmahal and Dugdha-Naswadi Sectors in the Malwa Region of the Lower Narmada Valley: The Deccan Trap in Southern Part of Malwa Region. West, W. D. (ed.), University of Sagar, Saugar, India, 1976Search in Google Scholar
[18] Gwalani, L. G., Petrology of the Malwa Traps and associated rocks of Dugdha-Naswadi Sector, Baroda District, Gujarat. Ph.D. thesis submitted to the University of Bombay, India, 1976Search in Google Scholar
[19] Gwalani, L. G., and Avasia, R. K., Petrography and geochemistry of carbonatites of Padvani and surrounding areas, Chhota Udaipur, Gujarat. Mem. Indian Geol. Assoc., 1984, 1, 165-174Search in Google Scholar
[20] Gwalani, L.G., Avasia, R.K., and G. Upadhya G., The latestage basic intrusive rocks (Deccan Trap) of Chhota Udaipur carbonatite-alkalic sub-province, Gujarat, India. Bull. Indian Geol. Assoc., 1985, 19 (1), 41-44Search in Google Scholar
[21] Viladkar, S. G., Geology of the carbonatite-alkalic diatreme of Amba Dongar, Gujarat. GMDC Science and Research Centre, Ahmadabad, 1996.Search in Google Scholar
[22] Randive, K. R., Intrusive dykes of Chhaktala, Jhabua district, Madhya Pradesh: Field relations, petrography and petrochemical characteristics with reference to their PGE concentration. Jour. Econ. Geol. Georesource. Manag., 2005, 2(1-2), 117-137Search in Google Scholar
[23] Dubessy J., Poty B., Ramboz C., Advances in C-O-H-N-S fluid geochemistry based on micro-Raman spectrometric analysis of fluid inclusions. Eur. J. Mineral. 1989, 1, 517-53410.1127/ejm/1/4/0517Search in Google Scholar
[24] Burke E.A.J., Raman microspectrometry of fluid inclusions. Lithos, 2001, 55, 139-15810.1016/S0024-4937(00)00043-8Search in Google Scholar
[25] Borisenko A.S., Study of salt composition of fluid inclusions in minerals using cryometric technique. Geol. Geofiz., 1977, 8, 16-27. (in Russian)Search in Google Scholar
[26] Kawakami Y., Yamamoto J., Kagi H., Micro-Raman densimeter for CO2 inclusions in mantle-derived minerals. Appl. Spectrosc., 2003, 57, 1333-133910.1366/000370203322554473Search in Google Scholar
[27] Deshmukh S.S., Sehgal M.N., Mafic dyke swarm in Deccan volcanic province of Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra. In: Subbaroa KV (ed), Geol. Soc. Ind. Mem. 1988, 10, 323-340Search in Google Scholar
[28] Karkare S.G., Srivastava R.K., Regional dyke swarms related to the Deccan Trap Alkaline Province, India. In: Parker AJ, Rickwood PC, Tucker DH, (eds) Mafic dykes and emplacement mechanism. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam., 1990, 335-347Search in Google Scholar
[29] Dessai A.G., Markwick A., Vaselli O., Downes H., Granulite and pyroxenite xenoliths from the Deccan Trap: Insight into the nature and composition of the lower lithosphere beneath cratonic India. Lithos, 2004, 78, 263-29010.1016/j.lithos.2004.04.038Search in Google Scholar
[30] Duraiswami R.A., Karmalkar N.R., Unusual xenolithic dyke at Mandaleshwar and its episodic nature. Gond. Geol. Mag, 1996, 11, 1-10Search in Google Scholar
[31] Subbarao K.V., Hooper P.R., Dayal A.M., Walsh J.N., Gopalan K., Narmada dykes. In: Subbarao KV (ed) Deccan Volcanic Province, Geol. Soc. Ind. Mem., 1999, 43(2), 891-902Search in Google Scholar
[32] Sharma R.K., Pandit M.K.,Warrier S., Hybrid acid xenoliths in dolerite dykes intruding Deccan Flood Basalts, Pune - Ahmednagar region, Western India. J. Geol. Soc. India, 1999, 54, 303-308Search in Google Scholar
[33] Mahoney J.J., Deccan Traps. In: Macdougall JD, (ed) Continental flood basalts. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1988, 151-19410.1007/978-94-015-7805-9_5Search in Google Scholar
[34] Dessai A.G., Viegas A.A.A.A., Multi-generation mafic dyke swarm related to Deccan Magmatism, south of Bombay: Implications on the evolution of the western Indian continental margin. In: Devaraju TC (ed) Dyke swarms of peninsular India. Geol. Soc. Ind. Mem, 1995, 33, 435-451Search in Google Scholar
[35] Ray R., Shukla A.D., Sheth H.C., Ray J.S., Duraiswami R.A., Vanderkluysen L., Routela C.S., Mallik J., Highly heterogeneous Precambrian basement under the Central Deccan Traps, India: Direct evidence from xenoliths in dykes. Gond. Res., 2008, 13, 375-38510.1016/j.gr.2007.10.005Search in Google Scholar
[36] Santosh M., Jackson D.H., Harris N.B.W., Mattey D.P., Carbonic fluid inclusions in South Indian granulites: evidence for entrapment during charnockite formation. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 1991, 108, 318-33010.1007/BF00285940Search in Google Scholar
[37] Sethna S.F., Viladkar S.G., An estimation of temperatures of intrusion of Indian carbonatites using calcite-dolomite geothermometry, J. Geol. Soc. India, 1977, 18, 275-280Search in Google Scholar
[38] Williams-Jones A.E., Palmer D.A.S., The evolution of aqueous- carbonic fluids in the Amba Dongar carbonatite, India: implications for fenitisation. Chem. Geol., 2002, 185, 283-30110.1016/S0009-2541(01)00409-0Search in Google Scholar
[39] Knight C.L., Bodnar R.J., Synthetic fluid inclusions: IX. Critical PVTX properties of NaCl-H2O solutions. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1989, 53, 3-810.1016/0016-7037(89)90267-6Search in Google Scholar
[40] Sterner S.M., Hall D.L., Bodnar R.J., Synthetic fluid inclusions. V. Solubility relations in the system NaCl-KCl-H2O under vaporsaturated conditions. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1988, 52, 989-100510.1016/0016-7037(88)90254-2Search in Google Scholar
[41] Irmer G., Graupner T., Isotopes of C and O in CO2: a Raman study using gas standards and natural fluid inclusions. Acta Univ. Carolinae, Geol., 2002, 46, 35-36Search in Google Scholar
© 2015
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
