Abstract
The role of chemical energy storage and solar fuels as key elements for the sustainable chemical and energy production is discussed in this concept paper. It is shown how chemical energy storage, with the development of drop-in carbon-based solar fuels, will play a central role in the future low-carbon economy, but it is necessary to consider its out-of-the-grid use, rather than being limited to be a tool for smart grids. Related aspects discussed are the possibility to: (i) enable a system of trading renewable energy on a world scale (out-of-the-grid), including the possibility to exploit actually unused remote resources, (ii) develop a solar-driven and low-carbon chemical production, which reduces the use of fossil fuels and (iii) create a distributed energy production, going beyond the actual limitations and dependence on the grid.
Funding statement: Funding:The authors acknowledge the PRIN10-11 project “Mechanisms of activation of CO2 for the design of new materials for energy and resource efficiency” for the financial support and the EU IAPP project nr 324292 BIOFUR, in the frame of which part of this work was realized.
About the authors
Salvatore Abate took is degree in Materials Engineering at the University of Messina (Italy) in 2002 and his PhD in Chemistry and Materials Engineering in 2006 working on Palladium membranes for direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide. He has worked in many EU projects in the area of Pd membrane, nanomaterials catalysts and sustainable chemical process. From 2012 he is researcher of industrial chemistry at the University of Messina. His recent research interests include Palladium membrane for gas separation, development of membrane reactors, nanostructured zeolites and hydrocracking of microalgae oil, and methanation reaction.
Gabriele Centi completed his industrial chemistry studies at the University of Bologna (Italy) and is actually Professor of Industrial Chemistry at the University of Messina (Italy). He is vice-President of the European Federation of Catalysis Societies, and of the International Association of the Catalysis Societies. He was Coordinator of the European Network of Excellence on catalysis IDECAT. He chair the Editorial Board of ChemSusChem, and Chief Editor of J. Energy Chem., the book series Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis (Elsevier) and Green Energy (De Gruyter). His research interests lie in the development of industrial heterogeneous catalysts for sustainable chemical processes, environmental protection, and clean energy.
Siglinda Perathoner took his degree in Chemistry at the University of Bologna (Italy) in 1984 and her PhD in Chemical Science in 1988 working on photophysics and photochemistry of supramolecular systems. From 2001 she joined the University of Messina and is associate professor of Industrial Chemistry presently. She has coordinated many EU projects in the area of nanomaterials, catalysts and sustainable chemical processes. Her recent research interests include nanostructured zeolites, catalytic membranes, catalysts for waste water purification and remediation, photo(electro)catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide, and fuel cells.
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