Abstract
The article colligates data of studies on the variability of quantitative and qualitative traits in mutant sunflower M1-M3 generations affected by dimethyl sulfate (DMS) (0.01, 0.05 %) and gamma rays (120; 150 Gy), frequencies and range of mutations in M2 and their inheritance in mutant families, chromosome aberrations in meiosis, as well as on the breeding and genetic value of induced mutants and possibilities of their use in breeding. The methodical peculiarities of the mutational breeding of the cross-pollinating crop were defined, and new mutants with changed features were created.
Investigating new homozygous self-pollinated sunflower lines, we observed a more negative mutagenic impact of gamma irradiation (120 and 150 Gy) on the germinability of M1 sunflower seeds in the field compared with the DMS effect (0.01 and 0.05 %). The field germinability of DMS-treated seeds was 83–87 % vs. 11–15 % of gamma-irradiated ones.
The mutagenic effect of gamma rays (120 and 150 Gy) on M1 meiosis was shown to be stronger than that of DMS (0.01 and 0.05 %). The percentage of cells with alterations varied within 15.79–18.78 % (120 Gy) and 20.38–25.26 % (150 Gy) compared to 0–0.16 % in the control.
The effect of gamma rays on the frequency of morphoses in M1 was stronger, in particular, after exposure to 120 Gy or 150 Gy of gamma irradiation, the number of plants with alterations was 43 %, whereas after DMS treatment (0.01 and 0.05 %) this parameter averaged 27–28 %.
We determined the inheritance of mutations of quantitative and qualitative traits, which are important for breeding, in mutant M2 families and selected mutant families with inherited altered traits that can be considered as mutations. Among the best mutations, there are morphological mutants with marker traits, mutants with increased content of oil in seeds, increased 1000-seed weight, increased contents of behenic, linoleic and palmitoleic acids as well as with absolute resistance to downy mildew.
References
Arslan, O., Bal, S., Mirici, S., Yenice, N., 2001. Meiotic studies in the M2 generation of Helianthus annuus L. variety EKIZ 1. Helia 24(35): 33–38.10.1515/helia.2001.24.35.33Search in Google Scholar
Artemchuk, I.P., 2007. Development of methods for increasing the frequency and assortment of induced mutations in winter wheat: author’s abstract of the thesis for the degree of Candidate of Biological Sciences Kyiv, 20 p. [in Ukrainian]Search in Google Scholar
Artemchuk, I.P., Lohvynenko, V.F., 2003. Influence of exposure to mutagens on the frequency of mutations in winter wheat. Fiziologiya I Biokhimiya Kulturnykh Rasteniy 35(3): 222–228. [in Ukrainian].Search in Google Scholar
Berezina, N.M., Kuzina, A.M., 1964. Pre-Sowing Irradiation of Seeds of Agricultural Plants, Agropromizdan, Moscow, pp. 188–189.Search in Google Scholar
Berville, A., Delbut, J., Bedergat, R., 1992. Mutagenic treatments performed on seeds of a sunflower hybrid variety with the purpose of obtaining bifenoxorglyphosate resistant mutants. Helia 15(16): 53–58.Search in Google Scholar
Biletskiy, Y.D., Rasoriteleva, E.K., Karnaukhova, T.B., 1975. Non-Nuclear Sunflower Mutations Induced by N-Nitroso-N-methylurea. Chemical Supermutagens in Breeding, Nauka, Moscow, pp. 280–285.Search in Google Scholar
Borovska, I.Y., Kolomatska, V.P., 2012. Selection of sunflower lines for resistance to downy mildew. Strategies and practice of the development of agribusiness of Ukraine. In: The Book of Abstracts of the all-Ukrainian scientific and practical conference (Odesa, April 13-14). Southern Ukrainian Center for Agricultural Research, Odessa, pp. 6–8. [in Ukrainian].Search in Google Scholar
Chetan Kumar, N.B., Shanker Goud, I., Vanishree, K., 2015. Study on the effect of gamma rays in M1 generations of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Ijsr 4(5): 3–4.Search in Google Scholar
Christov, M., 1996. A new sunflower mutant form. Helia 19(24): 39–46.Search in Google Scholar
Chumakov, A.Y., Minkevich, I.I., Vlasova, Y.I., Gavrilova, Y.A., 1974. Basic methods of phytopathological studies Moscow: Kolos, 190 p. [in Russian].Search in Google Scholar
Cvejic, S., Bado, S., 2009. Radiosensitivity of sunflower restorer lines to different mutagenic treatments. In: Proceed. 5th conf. of Youngs Scientists and Specialists, Russia,Krasnodar, pp. 255–259.Search in Google Scholar
Cvejić, S., Jocić, S., Jocković, M., Imerovski, I., Dimitrijević, A., Miladinović, D., Prodanović, S., 2015. New genetic variability in sunflower inbred lines created by mutagenesis. NARDI Fundulea, Romania. Romanian Agricultural Research 32: 28–34.Search in Google Scholar
De Oliveira, M.F., Neto, A.T., Leite, R.M.V.B.C., Castiglioni, V.B.R., Arias, C.A.A., 2004. Mutation breeding in sunflower for resistance to Alternaria leaf spot. Helia 27(41): 41–50.10.2298/HEL0441041dSearch in Google Scholar
Dolgova, Y.M., Aladina, Z.K., Mikhaylova, V.N., 1990. Express method of evaluating sunflower for resistance to downy mildew. Selektsiya I Semenovodstvo: Interdepartmental thematic scientific collection. Urozhay, Kiev, Issue 68. pp. 50–55. [in Russian].Search in Google Scholar
Encheva, J., 2009. Creating sunflower mutant lines (Helianthus annuus L.) using induced mutagenesis. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science 15(2): 109–118.Search in Google Scholar
Encheva, J., Georgiev, G., Nenova, N., Valkova, D., Georgiev, G., Peevska, P., Encheva, V., 2014. Application of classical methods as sunflower breeding program in Dobrudja agricultural institute general-Toshevo. Turkish Journal of Agricultural and Natural Sciences 1: 673–681.Search in Google Scholar
Encheva, J., Shindrova, P., Encheva, V., Valkova, D., 2012. Mutant sunflower line R12003, produced through in vitro mutagenesis. Helia 35(56): 19–30.10.2298/HEL1256019ESearch in Google Scholar
Encheva, J., Tsvetkova, F., Ivanov, P., 2002. Creating genetic variability in sunflower through the direct organogenesis method, the independently and in combination with gamma irradiation. Helia 25(37): 85–92.10.2298/HEL0237085ESearch in Google Scholar
Fambrini, M., Pugliesi, C., 1996. Inheritance of a chlorine-apicalis mutant of sunflower. Helia 19(25): 29–34.Search in Google Scholar
Fernandez-Martinez, J.M., Mancha, M., Osorio, J., Garces, R., 1997. Sunflower mutant containing high levels of palmitic acid in high oleic background. Euphytica 97: 113–116.10.1023/A:1003045726610Search in Google Scholar
Jagadeesan, S., Kandasamy, G., Manivannan, N., Muralidharan, V., 2008. Mean and variability studies in M1 and M2 generations of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Helia 31(49): 71–78.10.2298/HEL0849071JSearch in Google Scholar
Jambhulkar, S.J., Joshua, D.S., 1999. Induction of plant injury, chimaera, chlorophyll and morphological mutations in sunflower using gamma rays. Helia 22(31): 63–74.Search in Google Scholar
Kalaydzhyan, A.A., 1996. Description of morphological types of sunflower mutations.In: Proceed. IV 4th International Scientific and Production Conference, Alushta. pp. 97–101.Search in Google Scholar
Kalaydzhyan, A.A., 1998. Chemical mutagenesis in sunflower breeding. dissetation, Krasnodar, Krasnodar Agricultural Biotechnological Center and All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops named after VS Pustovoyt. 48 p.Search in Google Scholar
Kalaydzhyan, A.A., Khlevnoy, L.V., Neshchadim, N.N., Golovin, V.P., Vartanyan, V.V., Burdun, A.M., 2007. Russian Sunflower, Sovetskaya Kuban, Krasnodar, pp. 1–352.Search in Google Scholar
Kalaydzhyan, A.A., Neshchadim, N.N., Osipyan, V.O., Škorić, D., 2009. Kuban Sunflower-Gift to the World, Ministry of Russian Agriculture-Russian Academy of Agriculture-Kuban State Agrarian University, Krasnodar, pp. 1–498.Search in Google Scholar
Kumar, A.P.K., Boualem, A., Bhattacharya, A., Parikh, S., Desai, N., Zambelli, A., Leon, A., Chatterjee, M., Bendahmane, A., 2013. SMART - sunflower mutant population and reserve genetic tool for crop improvement. BMC Plant Biology 13: 38.10.1186/1471-2229-13-38Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Kyrychenko, V.V., Poviakalo, V.I., 1988. Chemical mutagens and improvement of sunflower lines. Selection Nasinn 80: 19–22.Search in Google Scholar
Lofgren, J.R., Ramaraje-Lers, N.V., 1982. Chemically induced mutations in sunflower. In: Proc. 10th Int. Sunflower conf. Surfers Paradise, Australia, March 15-18th, Int. Sunflower Assoc. Toowoomba, Australia, pp. 264–267.Search in Google Scholar
Lyakh, V., Soroka, A., Vasin, V., 2005. Influence of mature and immature sunflower seed treatment with ethyl methanesulphonate on mutations spectrum and frequency. Helia 28(43): 87–98.10.2298/HEL0543087LSearch in Google Scholar
Maklyak, К.М., Kyrychenko, V.V., Bragin, O.M., 2009. Breeding of new sunflower lines-sterility fixers. Selection Nasinn 97: 13–19.Search in Google Scholar
Pausheva, Z.P., 1988. Praktikum on Plants Cytology, Agropromizdat, Moscow, pp. 271. (in Russian).Search in Google Scholar
Pirovano, A., 1922. La mutazione elettrica delle specie botaniche e la disciplina dell’eredità nell’ibridazione, U. Hoepli, Milano.Search in Google Scholar
Prabakaran, P., Jayakumar, S., 2014. Effect of gamma rays and EMS on meiotic chromosomal behaviour in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). IJAPR 1(7): 1–4.Search in Google Scholar
Sala, C.A., Bulos, M., Echarte, A.M., 2008. Genetic analysis of an induced mutation conferring imidazolinone resistance in sunflower. Crop Science 48: 1817–1822.10.2135/cropsci2007.11.0625Search in Google Scholar
Shuppert, G.F., Tang, S., Slabaugh, M.B., Knapp, S.J., 2006. The sunflower high-oleic mutant Ol carries variable tandem repeats of FAD2-1, a seed-specific oleoyl-phosphatidyl choline desaturase. Molecular Breeding 17(3): 241–256.10.1007/s11032-005-5680-ySearch in Google Scholar
Škorić, D., 2012. Sunflower breeding. In: Škorić, D., Sakač, Z. (eds) Sunflower Genetics and Breeding, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Novi Sad Branch, NoviSad, Graphics, Novi Sad. XV, pp. 520.Search in Google Scholar
Soldatov, K.I., 1976. Chemical mutagenesis in sunflower breeding. In: Proceed. 7th Internat. Sunflower Conf. pp. 352–357.Search in Google Scholar
Soroka, A.I., 2013. Mutational variability in sunflower, when immature corcules are exposed to mutagen. Naukovo-tekhnichnyi byleten Instytutu oliynykh kultur 18: 19–24.Search in Google Scholar
Tomlekova, N.B., 2010. Induced mutagenesis for crop improvement in Bulgaria. Plant Mutation Reports 2(2): 4–28.Search in Google Scholar
Usatov, A.V., Mashkina, E.V., Markin, N.V., Guskov, E.P., 2001. Mutagenic effect of nitrosomethylurea modified by heats hock at early stages of the sunflower seedlings development. Russian Journal of Genetics 37(12): 1388–1393.10.1023/A:1013243828751Search in Google Scholar
Vasin, V.A., 2008. Genetic variability of sunflower upon ethyl methanesulfonate treatment of ripe and unripe seeds. dissertation, Kyiv, pp. 20.Search in Google Scholar
Velasco, L., Perez-Vich, B., Fernandez-Martinez, J.M., 2008. A new sunflower mutant with increased levels of palmitic acid in the seed. Helia 31(48): 55–60.10.2298/HEL0848055VSearch in Google Scholar
Vijayata, P.J., Navnath, G.K., 2016. Effect of physical and chemical mutagenesis in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) on seed germination through induced mutation. Ijsr 5(6): 1762–1764.10.21275/v5i6.NOV164604Search in Google Scholar
Zambelli, A., León, A., Garcés, R., 2015. Chapter 2 - Mutagenesis in sunflower. In: Martínez-Force, E., Dunford, N.T., Salas, J.J. (eds) Sunflower, Chemistry, Production, Processing, and Utilization, AOCS Press, pp. 27–52. ISBN 9781893997943, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-893997-94-3.50008-8.Search in Google Scholar
Zoz, N.N., 1966. Chemical Mutagenesis in Higher Plants. - In the Book “Supermutagens.”, Nauka, Moscow, pp. 93–105. [in Russian].Search in Google Scholar
Zoz, N.N., 1968. Method of Using Chemical Mutagens in the Breeding of Agricultural Crops. Mutational Breeding, Nauka, Moscow, pp. 23–27. [in Russian].Search in Google Scholar
© 2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
