Abstract
This study reports on silicon nitride (Si3N4) and graphene nanoplatelets binary powder reinforced hybrid titanium composites obtained by a powder metallurgy method. Si3N4 powder was added at 3 wt.% and graphene nanoplatelets were added in various amounts (0.15, 0.30, 0.45, 0.60 wt.%) in the titanium matrix. Density, micro-Vickers hardness, compressive behavior, wear properties and microstructure of the hybrid composites were evaluated. Addition of different percentages of graphene nanoplatelets and 3 wt.% Si3N4 to the titanium matrix composites significantly enhanced mechanical properties. The highest hardness (634 HV) and compressive strength (1458 MPa) values were measured for 0.15 wt.% graphene nanoplatelets and 3 wt.% Si3N4 added titanium hybrid composite. The lowest mass loss and wear rate (Δm = 4 mg, W = 6.1×10–5 mm3 (N m)–1) values were measured for the same 0.15 wt.% graphene nanoplatelets and 3 wt.% Si3N4 added titanium hybrid composite compared with pure Ti.
Acknowledgement
This study has been fully supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) under Project No: 217M154.
References
[1] X.N. Mu, H.N. Cai, H.M. Zhang, Q.B. Fan, F.C. Wang, Z.H. Zhang, Y.X. Ge, R. Shi, Y. Wu, Z. Wang, D.D. Wang, S. Chang: Carbon 137 (2018) 146. DOI:10.1016/j.carbon.2018.05.01310.1016/j.carbon.2018.05.013Search in Google Scholar
[2] S. Li, B. Sun, H. Imai, T. Mimoto, K. Kondoh: Compos Part A-Appl S. 48 (2013) 57. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2012.12.00510.1016/j.compositesa.2012.12.005Search in Google Scholar
[3] E. Ziya, B.T. Elif, B. S¸akir: Turkish J. Eng. Env. Sci. 33 (2009) 207.Search in Google Scholar
[4] D. Alman, J. Hawk: Wear 225–229 (1999) 629. DOI:10.1016/S0043-1648(99)00065-410.1016/S0043-1648(99)00065-4Search in Google Scholar
[5] F.M. Kgoete, A. Popoola, O. Fayomi: Def. Technol. 14 (2018) 403. DOI:10.1016/j.dt.2018.04.01110.1016/j.dt.2018.04.011Search in Google Scholar
[6] C. Monticelli, F. Zucchi, A. Tampieri: Wear 266 (2009) 327. DOI:10.1016/j.wear.2008.07.00510.1016/j.wear.2008.07.005Search in Google Scholar
[7] J. Xu, K. Kato, T. Hirayama: Wear 205 (1997) 55. DOI:10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07283-310.1016/S0043-1648(96)07283-3Search in Google Scholar
[8] E. Carrasquero, A. Bellosi, M.H. Staia: Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mater. 23 (2005) 391. DOI:10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2005.06.00410.1016/j.ijrmhm.2005.06.004Search in Google Scholar
[9] A. Nieto, A. Bisht, D. Lahiri, C. Zhang, A. Agarwal: Int. Mater. Rev. 62 (2017) 241. DOI:10.1080/09506608.2016.121948110.1080/09506608.2016.1219481Search in Google Scholar
[10] M. Rashad, F. Pan, A. Tang, M. Asif, S. Hussain, J. Gou, J. Mao: J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 23 (2015) 243. DOI:10.1016/J.JIEC.2014.08.02410.1016/J.JIEC.2014.08.024Search in Google Scholar
[11] Z. Cao, X. Wang, J. Li, Y. Wu, H. Zhang, J. Guo, S. Wang: J. Alloys Compd. 696 (2017) 498. DOI:10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.11.30210.1016/j.jallcom.2016.11.302Search in Google Scholar
[12] X.N. Mu, H.M. Zhang, H.N. Cai, Q.B. Fan, Z.H. Zhang, Y. Wu, Z.J. Fu, D.H. Yu: Mater. Sci. Eng. A 687 (2017) 164. DOI:10.1016.j.msea.2017.01.07210.1016.j.msea.2017.01.072Search in Google Scholar
[13] Y. Song, Y. Chen, W.W. Liu, W.L. Li, Y.G. Wang, D. Zhao, X.B. Liu: Mater. Des. 109 (2016) 256. DOI:10.1016/j.matdes.2016.07.07710.1016/j.matdes.2016.07.077Search in Google Scholar
[14] Z. Zhang, Y. Liang in: B.H. Abu Bakar, M. Othman, N. Mohamad (Eds.) DEStech trans. eng. technol. res, ICAENM (2017). DOI:10.12783/dtetr/icaenm2017/779810.12783/dtetr/icaenm2017/7798Search in Google Scholar
[15] J. Liu, M. Wu, Y. Yang, G. Yang, H. Yan, K. Jiang: J. Alloys Compd. 765 (2018) 1111. DOI:10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.06.14810.1016/j.jallcom.2018.06.148Search in Google Scholar
[16] Z. Xu, X. Shi, W. Zhai, J. Yao, S. Song, Q. Zhang: Carbon 67 (2014) 168. DOI:10.1016/j.carbon.2013.09.07710.1016/j.carbon.2013.09.077Search in Google Scholar
[17] M. Gürbüz, T. Mutuk: J. Compos. Mater. 52 (2018) 543. DOI:10.1177/002199831774514310.1177/0021998317745143Search in Google Scholar
[18] F. Thümmler, R. Oberacker: An introduction to powder metallurgy, Institute of Materials, London (1993).Search in Google Scholar
[19] G.B. Veeresh Kumar, C. Rao, N. Selvaraj: Compos. Part B: Eng. 43 (2012) 1185. DOI:10.1016/j.compositesb.2011.08.04610.1016/j.compositesb.2011.08.046Search in Google Scholar
[20] H. Fallahdoost, A. Nouri, A. Azimi: J. Phys. Chem. Solids 93 (2016) 137. DOI:10.1016/j.jpcs.2016.02.02010.1016/j.jpcs.2016.02.020Search in Google Scholar
[21] D.S. Prasad, C. Shoba, N. Ramanaiah: J. Mater. Res. Technol. 3 (2014) 79. DOI:10.1016/j.jmrt.2013.11.00210.1016/j.jmrt.2013.11.002Search in Google Scholar
[22] M.C. S¸ enel, M. Gürbüz, E. Koç: Pamukkale J. Eng. Sci. 23 (2017) 974. DOI:10.5505/pajes.2017.6590210.5505/pajes.2017.65902Search in Google Scholar
[23] A. Parveen, N.R. Chauhan, M. Suhaib: Mater. Res. Express 6 (2019) 42001. DOI:10.1088/2053-1591/aaf8d810.1088/2053-1591/aaf8d8Search in Google Scholar
[24] P. Sharma, S. Sharma, D. Khanduja: J. Asian Ceram. Soc. 3 (2015) 352. DOI:10.1016/j.jascer.2015.07.00210.1016/j.jascer.2015.07.002Search in Google Scholar
[25] Ö. Güler, N. Bag˘cı: J. Mater. Res. Technol. 9 (2020) 6808. DOI:10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.01.07710.1016/j.jmrt.2020.01.077Search in Google Scholar
[26] H.J. Ryu, S.I. Cha, S.H. Hong: J. Mater. Res. 18 (2003) 2851. DOI:10.1557/JMR.2003.039810.1557/JMR.2003.0398Search in Google Scholar
[27] M. Rashad, F. Pan, J. Zhang, M. Asif: J. Alloys Compd. 646 (2015) 223. DOI:10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.06.05110.1016/j.jallcom.2015.06.051Search in Google Scholar
[28] Y. Tang, X. Yang, R. Wang, M. Li: Mater. Sci. Eng. A 599 (2014) 247. DOI:10.1016/j.msea.2014.01.06110.1016/j.msea.2014.01.061Search in Google Scholar
[29] J. Zhu, X. Liu, X. Zhou, Q. Yang: Comput. Mater. Sci. 188 (2021) 110179. DOI:10.1016/j.commatsci.2020.11017910.1016/j.commatsci.2020.110179Search in Google Scholar
[30] Z. Cao, J. Li, H. Zhang, W. Li, X. Wang: J. Iron Steel Res. Int. 27 (2020) 1357. DOI:10.1007/s42243-020-00417-w10.1007/s42243-020-00417-wSearch in Google Scholar
[31] F.C. Wang, Z.-H. Zhang, Y.J. Sun, Y. Liu, Z.Y. Hu, H. Wang, A.V. Korznikov, E. Korznikova, Z.F. Liu, S. Osamu: Carbon 95 (2015) 396. DOI:10.1016/j.carbon.2015.08.06110.1016/j.carbon.2015.08.061Search in Google Scholar
[32] M.C. S¸ enel, M. Gürbüz, E. Koç: J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 34 (2018) 1980. DOI:10.1080/02670836.2018.150183910.1080/02670836.2018.1501839Search in Google Scholar
[33] W. Zhai, X. Shi, J. Yao, A.M.M. Ibrahim, Z. Xu, Q. Zhu, Y. Xiao, L. Chen, Q. Zhang: Compos. Part B: Eng. 70 (2015) 149. DOI:10.1016/j.compositesb.2014.10.05210.1016/j.compositesb.2014.10.052Search in Google Scholar
[34] R. Liu, D. Li: Wear 251 (2001) 956. DOI:10.1016/S0043-1648(01)00711-610.1016/S0043-1648(01)00711-6Search in Google Scholar
© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston, Germany
