Skip to content
Licensed Unlicensed Requires Authentication Published by De Gruyter May 19, 2023

Faculty experiences of teaching internationally educated nurses: a qualitative study

  • Gail N. Crockford , Barbara Pesut EMAIL logo , Katrina Plamondon and Randy Janzen

Abstract

Objectives

The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of faculty teaching in programs designed to support internationally educated nurses’ transition to nursing practice in Canada.

Methods

This was a qualitative study that gathered data through semi-structured interviews.

Results

Four themes were developed from the data: learning the learner, feeling moral unrest in my role, inviting reciprocal relationships, and finding our way.

Conclusions

There is an urgent need to ensure that faculty are well prepared for their role and that the needs of internationally educated nurses, both personal and pedagogical, are central. Despite the challenges experienced by faculty, they also describe great growth as a result of their new role.

Implications for an International Audience

Findings from this study are particularly relevant for those in high income countries seeking to support internationally educated nurses. Faculty preparedness and holistic support for students are critical for ethical, high-quality education.


Corresponding author: Barbara Pesut, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada, E-mail:

Acknowledgments

We would like the acknowledge the faculty who so generously shared their time and expertise with us.

  1. Research funding: None declared.

  2. Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.

  3. Competing interests: Authors state no conflict of interest.

  4. Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all individuals included in this study.

  5. Ethical approval: The research related to human use has complied with all the relevant national regulations, institutional policies, and in accordance with the tenets of the Helsinki Declaration, and has been approved by the authors’ Institutional Review Boards or equivalent committee (University of British Columbia Okanagan Certificate Number: H19-03079 and Selkirk College Certificate Number: REB 2020-002).

References

Boyd, P., & Lawley, L. (2009). Becoming a lecturer in nurse education: The work-place learning of clinical experts as newcomers. Learning in Heatlh and Social Care, 8(4), 292–300. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1473-6861.2009.00214.x Search in Google Scholar

Canada & Global Affairs Canada. (2019). Building on success: International education strategy 2019–2024. http://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2020/amc-gac/FR5-165-2019-eng.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Canadian Association of Schools of Nursing. (2012). Pan-Canadian framework of guiding & essential components for IEN bridging components. https://casn.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/PanCanadianFrameworkofGuidingPrinciplesandEssentialComponentsforIENBridgingProgramsFinalVersion.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI). (2019). Nursing in Canada, 2018: A lens on supply and workforce. CIHI. https://www.cihi.ca/sites/default/files/document/regulated-nurses-2018-report-en-web.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Canadian Nurses’ Association. (2022). CNA urges Canada’s premiers to take immediate action and avoid the collapse of the health-care system. https://www.cna-aiic.ca/en/blogs/cn-content/2022/07/07/cna-urges-canadas-premiers-to-take-immediate-actio#:∼:text=July%207%2C%202022%20%E2%80%94%20In%20anticipation%20of%20the,resources%20crisis%20and%20nursing%20shortages%20across%20the%20country Search in Google Scholar

De Maio, F. G., & Kemp, E. (2010). The deterioration of health status among immigrants to Canada. Global Public Health, 5(5), 462–478. https://doi.org/10.1080/17441690902942480 Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Donnelly, T. T., McKiel, E., & Hwang, J. (2009a). Factors influencing the performance of English as an additional language nursing students: Instructors’ perspectives. Nursing Inquiry, 16(3), 201–211. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1800.2009.00453.x Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Donnelly, T. T., McKiel, E., & Hwang, J. J. (2009b). Challenges and motivators influencing the academic performance of English as an additional language (EAL) nursing students: The perspectives of the students. Canadian Journal of Nursing Research Archive, 41(3), Article 3.10.1111/j.1440-1800.2009.00453.xSearch in Google Scholar

Esterhuizen, P., & Kirkpatrick, M. K. (2015). Intercultural–global competencies for the 21st century and beyond. The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 46(5), 209–214. https://doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20150420-01 Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Forbes-Mewett, H., & Nyland, C. (2008). Cultural diversity, relocation, and the security of international students at an internationalised university. Journal of Studies in International Education, 12(2), 181–203. https://doi.org/10.1177/1028315307308136 Search in Google Scholar

Galletta, A., & Cross, W. E. (2013). Mastering the semi-structured interview and beyond: From research design to analysis and publication. NYU Press. http://muse.jhu.edu/book/22815 Search in Google Scholar

Gilligan, C., & Outram, S. (2012). Culturally and linguistically diverse students in health professional programs: An exploration of concerns and needs. Education and Health, 25(1), 40–47. https://doi.org/10.4103/1357-6283.99205 Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Greenberg, N. E. (2013). A project to increase faculty’s cultural competence in mentoring English as a second language nursing students. Teaching and Learning in Nursing, 8(4), 128–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.teln.2013.07.003 Search in Google Scholar

Heringer, R. (2019). ‘It’s a lot of homework for me’: Post-secondary teachers’ perception of international students and internationalization in Canada. Teaching in Higher Education, 26(2), 211–226. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562517.2019.1653274.Search in Google Scholar

Heringer, R. (2020). From enrolment rates to collaborative knowledge production: A critique to the internationalization of higher education in Canada. Higher Education for the Future, 7(2), 169–186. https://doi.org/10.1177/2347631120930838 Search in Google Scholar

Junious, D. L., Malecha, A., Tart, K., & Young, A. (2010). Stress and perceived faculty support among foreign-born baccalaureate nursing students. Journal of Nursing Education, 49(5), 261–270. https://doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20100217-02 Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Khawaja, N. G., Chan, S., & Stein, G. (2017). The relationship between second language anxiety and international nursing students stress. Journal of International Students, 7(3), 601–620. https://doi.org/10.32674/jis.v7i3.290 Search in Google Scholar

Knight, J. (2004). Internationalization remodeled: Definition, approaches, and rationales. Journal of Studies in International Education, 8(1), 5–31. https://doi.org/10.1177/1028315303260832 Search in Google Scholar

Leask, B. (2009). Using formal and informal curricula to improve interactions between home and international students. Journal of Studies in International Education, 13(2), 205–221. https://doi.org/10.1177/1028315308329786 Search in Google Scholar

Madge, C., Raghuram, P., & Noxolo, P. (2015). Conceptualizing international education: From international student to international study. Progress in Human Geography, 39(6), 681–701. https://doi.org/10.1177/0309132514526442 Search in Google Scholar

Mantzourani, E., Courtier, N., Davies, S., & Bean, G. (2015). Perceptions of faculty in health care and social sciences on teaching international students. Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, 7(5), 635–644. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2015.06.018 Search in Google Scholar

Mattila, L.-R., Pitkäjärvi, M., & Eriksson, E. (2010). International student nurses’ experiences of clinical practice in the Finnish health care system. Nurse Education in Practice, 10(3), 153–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2009.05.009 Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Mitchell, C., Del Fabbro, L., & Shaw, J. (2017). The acculturation, language and learning experiences of international nursing students: Implications for nursing education. Nurse Education Today, 56, 16–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2017.05.019 Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Morse, J. M. (1994). “Emerging from the data”: The cognitive process of analysis in qualitative inquiry. In J. M. Morse (Ed), Critical issues in qualitative research methods (pp. 23–43). Sage.10.2307/2076454Search in Google Scholar

Morton-Miller, A. R. (2013). Cultural competence in nursing education: Practicing what we preach. Teaching and Learning in Nursing, 8(3), 91–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.teln.2013.04.007 Search in Google Scholar

Newton, L., Pront, L., & Giles, T. M. (2016). Experiences of registered nurses who supervise international nursing students in the clinical and classroom setting: An integrative literature review. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 25(11–12), 1486–1500. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.13127 Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Nourpanah, S. (2019). Drive-by education: The role of vocational courses in the migration projects of foreign nurses in Canada. Journal of International Migration and Integration, 20(4), 995–1011. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-018-00641-0 Search in Google Scholar

Reysen, S., & Katzarska-Miller, I. (2013). A model of global citizenship: Antecedents and outcomes. International Journal of Psychology, 48(5), 858–870. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207594.2012.701749 Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Robson, S., & Turner, Y. (2007). ‘Teaching is a co-learning experience’: Academics reflecting on learning and teaching in an ‘internationalized’ faculty. Teaching in Higher Education, 12(1), 41–54. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562510601102115.Search in Google Scholar

Salminen, L. K., Stolt, M., Koskinen, S., Katajisto, J., & Leino-Kilpi, H. (2012). The competence and cooperation of nurse educators. Nurse Education Today, 33, 1376–1381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2012.09.008 Search in Google Scholar PubMed

San Miguel, C., & Rogan, F. (2012). Clinical expectations: What facilitators expect from ESL students on clinical placement. Nurse Education in Practice, 12(2), 115–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2011.10.008 Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Scott, C., Safdar, S., Trilokekar, R. D., & El Masri, A. (2015). International students as ’ideal immigrants’ in Canada: A disconnect between policy makers’ assumptions and the voices of international students. Comparative and International Education, 43(3), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.5206/cie-eci.v43i3.9261 Search in Google Scholar

Shanta, L. L., Kalanek, C. B., Moulton, P., & Lang, T. (2012). Evidence for policy and regulation: A model to address development of unqualified faculty. Policy, Politics, & Nursing Practice, 12(4), 224–235. https://doi.org/10.1177/1527154411429863 Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Srivastava, P., & Hopwood, N. (2009). A practical iterative framework for qualitative data analysis. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 8(1), 76–84. https://doi.org/10.1177/160940690900800107 Search in Google Scholar

St.-Pierre, I., Covell, C., Primeau, M., Kilpatrick, K., Ndengeyingoma, A., & Tchouaket, E. (2015). Factors that support the integration and retention of internationally educated nurses in the Canadian healthcare system. Health Canada Report. https://www.ualberta.ca/-/media/9DBC6CEBAEA74934BF027A0B166B0366 Search in Google Scholar

Starkey, T. J. (2015). The critical factors that influence faculty attitudes and perceptions of teaching English as second language nursing students: A grounded theory research study. Nurse Education Today, 35(5), 718–725. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2015.01.017 Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Statistics Canada. (2017). Immigrant population in Canada, 2016 census of population. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/11-627-m/11-627-m2017028-eng.htm Search in Google Scholar

Statistics Canada. (2021). Postsecondary enrolments, by registration status, institution type, status of student in Canada and gender [Data set].Search in Google Scholar

Thorne, S. (2016). Interpretive description: Qualitative research for applied practice (2nd ed.). Routledge.10.4324/9781315545196Search in Google Scholar

Thorne, S., Kirkham, S. R., & MacDonald-Emes, J. (1997). Interpretive description: A noncategorical qualitative alternative for developing nursing knowledge. Research in Nursing & Health, 20(2), 169–177. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-240X.(199704)20:2<169::AID-NUR9>3.0.CO;2-I.10.1002/(SICI)1098-240X(199704)20:2<169::AID-NUR9>3.0.CO;2-ISearch in Google Scholar

Vardaman, S. A., & Mastel-Smith, B. (2016). The transitions of international nursing students. Teaching and Learning in Nursing, 11(2), 34–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.teln.2015.12.008 Search in Google Scholar

Wilson, A. H., Sanner, S., & McAllister, L. E. (2010). A longitudinal study of cultural competence among health science faculty. Journal of Cultural Diversity, 17(2), 68–72.Search in Google Scholar

Received: 2022-09-29
Accepted: 2023-05-01
Published Online: 2023-05-19

© 2023 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Downloaded on 9.12.2023 from https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/ijnes-2022-0106/pdf
Scroll to top button