Abstract
Background
According to GLOBOCAN 2018, oral cancer was reported as the second highest cancer prevalent in India. Despite the several therapies available for oral cancer treatment, tumor recurrence and distant metastasis persist. This study investigates the anticancer potential of Persicaria odorata, commonly known as Vietnamese coriander, used widely in traditional systems of medicine for the treatment of inflammation, stomach ailments, tumors, etc.
Methods
The crude methanolic extract of P. odorata (MPo) was prepared. The anticancer properties of MPo on SAS cells and other human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line were evaluated using in vitro experimental conditions. The phytochemical constituents present in the MPo were also determined.
Results
Persicaria odorata possesses antiproliferative, antisurvival, antimetastatic activities, and induced cell cycle arrest in the G2 phase. It inhibited Akt-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway and also downregulated the expression of essential proteins that are involved in tumorigenesis such as cyclin D1, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), survivin, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A). Moreover, the presence of flavonoids and quinones also revealed the anticancer activity of the plant.
Conclusion
Overall, our study concludes that P. odorata exhibits its anticancer properties through the downregulation of Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in a dose-dependent manner.
Acknowledgments
The work was supported by the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India-BT/556/NE/U-EXCEL/2016 dated 31.03.2017 awarded to Dr. Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara. The author Kishore Banik acknowledges UGC New Delhi, India, for providing him the fellowship.
Author contributions: Amrita Devi Khwairakpam and Javadi Monisha designed and supervised the study. The LC/MS analysis was done by Nand Kishor Roy and Kishore Banik. The data analysis and interpretation were done by Amrita Devi Khwairakpam, Ganesan Padmavathi, Devivasha Bordoloi, and Elina Khatoon. The write up was done by Amrita Devi Khwairakpam. All the authors also participated in editing and approving the final manuscript.
Research funding: Department of Biotechnology, Government of India-BT/556/NE/U-EXCEL/2016.
Conflict of interest: The authors expressed no conflict of interest.
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