Abstract
Background
The Government of Indonesia has put in place many interventions for rationalizing drug use at all levels of the health services including in primary care centers (puskesmas). One of the programs for the rational use of drugs at the puskesmas is the monitoring and evaluation of drug use conducted by pharmacists. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the rationality of drug use in Pamekasan puskesmas that use World Health Organization (WHO) prescribing indicators and to find the difference in the percentage of rationality of drug use between puskesmas in Pamekasan.
Methods
This study reviewed official documents considering reporting of rational drug use. The documents were obtained from the district health office or from the public domain from 2014 to 2018. Data were then collated, extracted, and presented as frequencies.
Results
The percentage prescribed for antibiotics for acute respiratory infection (ARI) non-pneumonia was 47.27% and percentage prescribing antibiotic drugs in a non-specific diarrhea was 59.85%. The percentage prescribed for injection was 36.15%. The average number of drugs prescribed per treatment was 2.61.
Conclusions
The majority of WHO guidelines stated that prescribing indicators were not met by the puskesmas in Pamekasan, except for the parameters for the average number of drugs prescribed per consultation. This shows an alarming clarion call for the local healthcare stakeholders to improve such situations.
Acknowledgments
The authors thank the Pamekasan District Health Office and East Java Province Health Office for supporting data related rational drug use.
Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
Research funding: None declared.
Competing interests: Authors state no conflict of interest.
Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all individuals included in this study.
Ethical approval: Research involving human subjects complied with all relevant national regulations, institutional policies and is in accordance with the tenets of the Helsinki Declaration (as revised in 2013), and has been approved by the authors' institutional review board or equivalent committee. (070/8324/209.4/2019). This study has obtained permission from the Government of East Java Province and District Health Office Pamekasan, Indonesia.
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