Abstract
The present study is the case of a breast cancer patient who visited the local unit of the Brahma Kumaris (BK). Conversations with the patient revealed that the patient was being treated in the Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. The treatment of the patient included the surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. The patient narrated her ability to manage the psychological stress associated with the cancer treatment. She ascribed it to the positive attitude developed by her practice of the Rajyoga meditation from last 15 years. Rajyoga involved the daily meditation and regular listening to the specified commentary recommended by BK. Patient’s health remains stable during the whole treatment process as analyzed by the mammography, histopathology and PET scan. The patient was also able to maintain the total body weight, biochemical and hematological profile within normal physiological range. The present case study is an attempt to provide Rajyoga as supportive means to the maintenance of patient’s biochemical and hematological profile, and overall general health during breast cancer treatment.
Acknowledgments
Authors acknowledge the efforts of the patient to compile the data and become available for participation, discussion, and writing of the manuscript. Authors are also thankful to Brahma Kumaris for providing necessary help regarding training of Rajyoga the patient coauthors.
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: None declared.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
Competing interests: The funding organization(s) played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.
References
[1] Dai X, Li T, Bai Z, Yang Y, Liu X, Zhan J, et al. Breast cancer intrinsic subtype classification, clinical use and future trends. Am J Cancer Res 2015;5:2929.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[2] Gupta K, Panda NK, Bakshi J, Das A. To evaluate disparity between clinical and pathological tumor-node-metastasis staging in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma patients and its impact on overall survival: an institutional study. S Asian J Cancer 2015;4:183.10.4103/2278-330X.175957Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[3] Bakshi J, Panda NK, Mohammed AW, Dash AK. Neck dissection–techniques and complications. Neck Dissection-Clinical Application and Recent Advances: InTech; 2012.10.5772/31189Search in Google Scholar
[4] Bakshi J, Parida PK, Mahesha V, Radotra B. Plasmacytoid myoepithelioma of palate: three rare cases and literature review. J Laryngol Otology 2007;121:1–5.10.1017/S002221510700000XSearch in Google Scholar PubMed
[5] Bahl A, Oinam AS, Kaur S, Verma R, Elangovan A, Bhandari S, et al. Correction: evaluation of acute toxicity and early clinical outcome in head and neck cancers treated with conventional radiotherapy and simultaneous integrated boost arc radiotherapy. World J Oncol 2017;8:174.10.14740/wjon1049wc1Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[6] Ghoshal S, Bansal A, Panda NK, Bakshi J. Can neck irradiation be an alternative to neck dissection in early stage carcinoma oral tongue operated for primary alone? Experience from a single institute. Int J Cancer Ther Oncol 2016;4:3.10.14319/ijcto.43.5Search in Google Scholar
[7] Bakshi J, Panda NK, Ghoshal S, Nehru VI. Survival patterns in patients with carcinoma base of tongue treated with external beam irradiation and salvage surgery. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2010;62:142–7.10.1007/s12070-010-0037-1Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[8] Bakshi J, Panda NK, Biswas G, Tuli HS. Total glossectomy: is gracilis free flap the answer to the functioning neotongue? J Rhinolaryngo-Otologies 2013;1:40–4.10.12970/2308-7978.2013.01.01.8Search in Google Scholar
[9] Hosakote VS, Rao MR, Nagendra RH, Raghuram N, Mohan R, Nanjundiah V, et al. Effects of yoga on symptom management in breast cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Yoga 2009;2:73.10.4103/0973-6131.60048Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[10] Agarwal RP, Maroko-Afek A. Yoga into cancer care: a review of the evidence-based research. Int J Yoga 2018;11:3.Search in Google Scholar
[11] Ramesh M, Sathian B, Sinu E, Kiranmai SR. Efficacy of rajayoga meditation on positive thinking: an index for self-satisfaction and happiness in life. J Clin Diagn Res: JCDR 2013;7:2265.Search in Google Scholar
[12] Thivat E, Thérondel S, Lapirot O, Abrial C, Gimbergues P, Gadéa E, et al. Weight change during chemotherapy changes the prognosis in non metastatic breast cancer for the worse. BMC Cancer 2010;10:648.10.1186/1471-2407-10-648Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[13] Singh A, Pandey A, Tewari M, Kumar R, Sharma A, Singh K, et al. Advanced stage of breast cancer hoist alkaline phosphatase activity: risk factor for females in India. 3 Biotech 2013;3:517–20.10.1007/s13205-012-0113-1Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[14] Litan A, Langhans SA. Cancer as a channelopathy: ion channels and pumps in tumor development and progression. Front Cell Neurosci 2015;9:86.10.3389/fncel.2015.00086Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[15] Sharma S, Shrivastav A, Shrivastav B. Clinical evidences of oxidative stress as a biomarker in various types of cancers: a review. Int J Pharm Sci Res 2014;5:657.Search in Google Scholar
[16] Cao R, Wang L-P. Serological diagnosis of liver metastasis in patients with breast cancer. Cancer Biol Med 2012;9:57–62.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[17] Al‑Muhtaseb SI. Serum and saliva protein levels in females with breast cancer. Oncol Lett 2014;8:2752–6.10.3892/ol.2014.2535Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[18] Sharma RK, Goyal AK. Localization of IgG antigenic sites in goat testicular tissue. J Applied Pharmaceutical Sci. 2015;5:120–2.10.7324/JAPS.2015.50217Search in Google Scholar
[19] Leonard R, Untch M, Von Koch F. Management of anaemia in patients with breast cancer: role of epoetin. Ann Oncology 2005;16:817–24.10.1093/annonc/mdi161Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[20] Lefrançais E, Ortiz-Muñoz G, Caudrillier A, Mallavia B, Liu F, Sayah DM, et al. The lung is a site of platelet biogenesis and a reservoir for haematopoietic progenitors. Nature 2017;544:105–9.10.1038/nature21706Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[21] Misra N, Gupta A, Alreja S, Prakash O. Effect of Rajyoga meditation on affective & cognitive functions. Int J Health Sci Res (IJHSR) 2013;3:38–46.Search in Google Scholar
[22] Maini S, Kaur H, Maini N. Effect of Rajyoga meditation on heart rate blood pressure and ECG. J Clin & Diag Res 2011;5:1519–22.Search in Google Scholar
[23] Pazare K, Biswas D, Meshram A. Modulation of anaerobic biomarker and lung functions by Rajyoga meditation in young badminton players. 2013.10.5455/ijmsph.2013.250420133Search in Google Scholar
[24] Vyas R, Dikshit N. Effect of meditation on respiratory system, cardiovascular system and lipid profile. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2002;46:487–91.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[25] Sukhsohale ND, Phatak MS. Effect of short-term and long-term Brahmakumaris Raja Yoga meditation on physiological variables. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2012;56:388–92.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[26] Vadiraja SH, Rao MR, Nagendra RH, Nagarathna R, Rekha M, Vanitha N, et al. Effects of yoga on symptom management in breast cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Yoga 2009;2:73.10.4103/0973-6131.60048Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[27] Siedentopf F, Utz-Billing I, Gairing S, Schoenegg W, Kentenich H, Kollak I. Yoga for patients with early breast cancer and its impact on quality of life–a randomized controlled trial. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2013;73:311–7.10.1055/s-0032-1328438Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[28] Cramer H, Lange S, Klose P, Paul A, Dobos G. Yoga for breast cancer patients and survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cancer 2012;12:412.10.1186/1471-2407-12-412Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[29] Biswas D, Yeola M, Naik A. A study of Rajyoga meditation on quality of life of patients with fibroadenosis. J Datta Meghe Inst Med Sci Univ 2012;7:247–52.Search in Google Scholar
[30] Mansfield CM. A review of the etiology of breast cancer. J Natl Med Assoc 1993;85:217.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[31] Mandape A, Bharshankar J, Phatak M. Effect of raja yoga meditation on the lipid profile of healthy adults in Central India. J Med Sci Health 2015;1:10–3.10.46347/JMSH.2015.v01i01.002Search in Google Scholar
[32] Maini S, Kaur H, Kohli PG. Effect of Rajayoga meditation on serum cholesterol and HDL. Int J Medical and Dental Sci. 2014 Jul 1;3:490–6.10.19056/ijmdsjssmes/2014/v3i2/81297Search in Google Scholar
[33] Vyas R, Raval KV, Dikshit N. Effect of Raja yoga meditation on the lipid profile of post-menopausal women. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2008;52:420–4.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[34] Sukhsohale Neelam D, Phatak Mrunal S, Sukhsohale Sachin D, Agrawal Sanjay B. Does Rajayoga meditation bring out physiological and psychological general well being among practitioners of it? Int J Collaborative Res Intern Med Public Health 2012;4:2000–12.Search in Google Scholar
[35] Julienne E. Bower, Deborah Garet, Beth Sternlieb. Yoga for Persistent Fatigue in Breast Cancer Survivors: Results of a Pilot Study. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:623168.10.1155/2011/623168Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[36] Anand A, Goyal AK, Bakshi J, Sharma K, Vir D, Didi A. Yoga as an integrative approach for prevention and treatment of oral cancer. International Journal of Yoga. 2018;11(3):177–185. DOI: 10.4103/ijoy.IJOY_49_17. X.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[37] Chandwani KD, Perkins G, Nagendra HR, Raghuram NV, Spelman A, Nagarathna R, et al. Randomized, controlled trial of yoga in women with breast cancer undergoing radiotherapy. J Clin Oncol 2014;32:1058–65.10.1200/JCO.2012.48.2752Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[38] Chang H-Y, Chen S-M, Lin W-L. Experiences of healing Yoga among breast cancer women with adjuvant chemotherapy. J Nurs Care 2017;6:394.Search in Google Scholar
[39] Kiran HC, Arora AK, Girgila KK. Effect of short term Rajyoga meditation on anxiety and depression. Pak J Physiol 2014;10:18–20.Search in Google Scholar
[40] Pal DK, Bhalla A, Bammidi S, Telles S, Kohli A, Kumar S, et al. Can yoga-based diabetes management studies facilitate integrative medicine in india current status and future directions. Integr Med Int 2017;4:125–41.10.1159/000479816Search in Google Scholar
[41] Perez-De-Albeniz A, Holmes J. Meditation: concepts, effects and uses in therapy. Int J Psychotherapy 2000;5:49–58.10.1080/13569080050020263Search in Google Scholar
© 2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
