Abstract
Background
Dasapatrachurnam (DPC), a multicurative powder prepared from the leaves of 10 green leafy vegetables, was developed recently with known ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological significance. However, its functional role in curing a disease is not yet scientifically proven. The present study aims at performing the phytochemical screening of DPC and exploring its possible activity as bacteriostatic, antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory.
Methods
We performed qualitative and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to find out the presence of active compounds and tested the bacteriostatic activity in four bacterial strains namely Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus by agar well diffusion method. We further explored the antineoplastic activity in vitro in C6 and HEK293 cell lines by cell viability assay and the anti-inflammatory activity in the ovalbumin-induced inflammation in male Wistar rats.
Results
DPC showed 60% solubility in PBS and showed the presence of flavonoids and glycosides. FTIR results indicated the presence of alkyl, ketone and aldehyde groups. The bacteriostatic activity of DPC was higher (60%) in E.coli and lower (8%) in S.aureus, when compared to streptomycin. The anti-cancerous activity of DPC in C6 and HEK293 cancer cells was similar to their respective positive controls, curcumin and camptothecin. The anti-inflammatory activity of DPC was more evident with local administration in all the parameters studied in brain hippocampus, kidney, liver and spleen in ovalbumin-induced rats.
Conclusion
Our results, for the first time, suggest the potentiality of the DPC in treating bacterial diseases, cancer and also inflammation. Our results also suggest the possible therapeutic role of DPC in treating chronic kidney disease.
Abbreviations
- BC
Bowman’s capsule
- C
Vascular congestion
- CPT
Camptothecin
- CV
Central vein
- DBC
Destruction of Bowman’s capsule
- DC
Degenerative changes
- DMSO
Dimethyl sulfoxide
- DPC
Dasapatrachurnam
- ELISA
Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
- FBS
Fetal bovine serum
- FTIR
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- GC
Germinal centers
- GL
Granular layer
- HEK
Human embryonic kidney
- MDC
Mild degenerative changes
- ML
Molecular layer
- MS
Marginal sinus
- MTT
3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide
- MZ
Marginal zone
- NC
Necrotic cells
- PBS
Phosphate buffered saline
- PT
Proximal tubule
- RC
Regenerative changes
- RT
Renal tubule
- SR
Sinus region
- SS
Sinusoid space
- V
Vacuolization
- WHO
World Health Organization
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank DST-CURIE, Sri Padmavathi Mahila Visvavidyalayam (SPMVV) for providing the microscope facility. We are grateful to Dr. Ramakrishna, Director of Sri Satyadeva Nursery, Kadiyam, East Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh, India for supplying us seedlings, soil and pots. However, neither DST-CURIE nor this nursery had a role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript.
Author contributions: RN funded, from personal earnings, and contributed in experimental design, conducted all the experimental work and drafting the manuscript. DHB prepared Figure 4, conducted statistical analysis and wrote statistical data in the manuscript. JSN helped us in providing the FTIR and microscopy along with rat facilities and analyzed FTIR data. BVAG formulated DPC and has done the phytochemical study. DMF helped us with MTT cell cytotoxicity assay. All the figures, images and work are original. All the authors commented, read and approved the final manuscript.
Research funding: This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
Competing interests: The authors have had no financial, personal or other relationships with other people or organiations within 5 years of the beginning of the submitted work that could inappropriately influence, or be perceived to influence, their work. All the authors declared that no competing interests exist.
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Supplementary Material
The online version of this article offers supplementary material (DOI:https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2018-0233).
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