Abstract
Background
Moringa oleifera seed has anti-diabetic and anti-obesogenic properties. This study interrogated the effect of crude hydroethanolic M. oleifera seed extract on the blood markers of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in high-fructose diet fed growing Sprague-Dawley rats.
Methods
Sixty 21-day old female and male Sprague-Dawley rat pups were randomly allocated to and administered one of the following treatment regimens daily for twelve weeks: group I – plain drinking water (PW)+plain gelatine cube (PC), group II – 20% (w/v) fructose solution (FS)+PC, group III – FS+100 mg/kg body mass fenofibrate in gelatine cube (FN), group IV – FS+low dose (50 mg/kg body mass) of M. oleifera in gelatine cube (LMol) and group V – FS+high dose (500 mg/kg body mass) of M. oleifera in gelatine cube (HMol). The rats in each treatment regimen had ad libitum access to a standard rat chow. After the 12-week trial, the rats were subjected to an oral glucose tolerance test and then euthanised 48 h later. Blood was collected. Plasma triglyceride, cholesterol and insulin concentration were determined. HOMA-IR was then computed.
Results
The high-fructose diet increased (p<0.05) plasma insulin concentration and HOMA-IR in female rats only. It increased plasma triglyceride concentration in both female and male rats and plasma cholesterol concentration in male rats only. The crude hydroethanolic M. oleifera seed extract prevented the high-fructose diet-induced metabolic derangements in male and female rats.
Conclusion
Crude hydroethanolic M. oleifera seed extract can potentially be used as a prophylactic intervention for diet-induced MetS in children.
Abbreviations
- ARC – VOP
Agricultural Research Council’s Vegetable and Ornamental Plants
- AUC
area under the curve
- FS
20% (w/v) fructose solution
- FN
100 mg/kg body mass fenofibrate
- HFD
high-fructose diet
- HOMA-IR
homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance
- HMol
500 mg/kg M. oleifera seed extract
- LMol
50 mg/kg body mass M. oleifera seed extract
- MetS
metabolic syndrome
- OGTT
oral glucose tolerance test
- PC
plain gelatine cube
- PW
plain water
Acknowledgments
We would like to express our gratitude to Professor Kennedy H. Erlwanger, Ms Monica Gomes, the postgraduate colleagues from Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition Research laboratory and the CAS staff for their technical support. The Faculty of Health Sciences Research Office, University of the Witwatersrand and the National Research Foundation (SA) are acknowledged for financially supporting this study.
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: None declared.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
Competing interests: The funding organization(s) played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.
Declaration of interest: none.
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