Venous thrombosis risk factors in pregnant women

Victoria Bitsadze; Jamilya Khizroeva; Makatsariya Alexander; Ismail Elalamy

doi:10.1515/jpm-2022-0008

Published by De Gruyter January 20, 2022

Venous thrombosis risk factors in pregnant women

Victoria Bitsadze , Jamilya Khizroeva , Makatsariya Alexander and Ismail Elalamy

From the journal Journal of Perinatal Medicine

https://doi.org/10.1515/jpm-2022-0008

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Abstract

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the third most common cause of death on Earth after myocardial infarctions and strokes, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Pregnancy is a unique condition of woman, when enormous changes occur in functioning of the most important systems of homeostasis in a relatively short time. These are physiological hypercoagulation, slowing of blood flow, increase in circulating blood volume, etc. However, while being physiological, these changes increase the risks of venous thromboembolism by almost 6 times. In some cases, there appears an imbalance or dissociation between the functioning of natural antithrombotic systems and the activation of coagulation as a consequence of genetically or acquired determined causes (genetic thrombophilia, antiphospholipid syndrome, comorbidities, obstetric complications and other exogenous and endogenous factors). Accordingly, identification of risk factors, their systematization, and determination of VTE risks in pregnancy and puerperium is one of the most important tasks of clinical medicine. Various recommendations have appeared for practitioners during the last 10–15 years on the basis of the risk factors analysis in order to prevent VTE in pregnant women more effectively. Nevertheless, none of these recommendations can yet take into account all risk factors, although convenient scoring systems have emerged for risk assessment and clear recommendations on anti-thrombotic prophylaxis regimens in risk groups in recent years. This article will review historical understanding of thrombosis in pregnant women, progress in understanding VTE risk factors in pregnant women, and available reserves in identifying new risk factors during pregnancy and puerperium in order to stratify risks more efficiently.

Keywords: acquired risk factors; endometriosis; genetic thrombophilia; polycystic ovary syndrome; pregnancy; recurrent pregnancy loss; risk factors; venous thromboembolism

Corresponding author: Victoria Bitsadze, Professor, MD, PhD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Russian Academy of, Sciences, I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya st. 8, bl. 2, 119048, Moscow, Russia, Phone: +7 (495) 788 58 40, Mobile: +7 926 231 3829, E-mail: vikabits@mail.ru

Research funding: None declared.
Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
Competing interests: Authors state no conflict of interest.
Informed consent: Not applicable.
Ethical approval: Not applicable.

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Received: 2022-01-07

Accepted: 2022-01-07

Published Online: 2022-01-20

Published in Print: 2022-06-27

Venous thrombosis risk factors in pregnant women

Abstract

References

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