Abstract
In the present study, CFD calculations are presented for the three types of water-based nanofluids Al2O3/water, CuO/water and TiO2/water with 0.1% volume fraction. These calculations are done with ANSYS-CFX and as geometry the SRBTL test loop as scaled down test loop for a VVER-1000 reactor core design is used. The goal of this study is to evaluate the CFD program against the SRBTL test loop core as a scaled core for applying water-based nanofluids as coolant. ANSYS-CFX simulation data are validated against the RELAP5/MOD3.2 simulation data for pure water. This comparison shows a good agreement. The simulation results for the nanofluids and water including Re number, temperature, viscosity, pressure drop and heat transfer coefficient through the SRBTL test loop core are compared. The results of the comparisons show that the SRBTL test loop core is suitable to extract experimental data of water-based nanofluids for using them as coolant in the VVER-1000 reactor.
Abstract
In der vorliegenden Studie werden CFD-Berechnungen für die drei wasserbasierten Nanofluide Al2O3/Wasser, CuO/Wasser und TiO2/Wasser mit 0,1% Volumenanteil vorgestellt. Diese Berechnungen werden mit ANSYSCFX durchgeführt und als Geometrie wird die SRBTL-Testschleife (als verkleinerte Testschleife für ein WWER-1000-Reaktorkerndesign) verwendet. Das Ziel dieser Studie ist die Bewertung, ob mit Hilfe des CFD-Programms ein skalierter Kern, wie er in der SRBTL Versuchsanlage realisiert ist, für die Anwendung von Nanofluiden auf Wasserbasis als Kühlmittel genutzt werden kann. Die Simulationsdaten von ANSYS-CFX werden gegen die Simulationsdaten von RELAP5/MOD3.2 für reines Wasser validiert. Der Vergleich zwischen diesen zeigt eine gute Übereinstimmung. Die Simulationsergebnisse für die Nanofluide und Wasser einschließlich Re-Zahl, Temperatur, Viskosität, Druckabfall und Wärmeübergangskoeffizient durch den SRBTL-Testschleifenkern werden verglichen. Die Ergebnisse der Vergleiche zeigen, dass der SRBTL-Testschleifenkern geeignet ist, um experimentelle Daten von Nanofluiden auf Wasserbasis für deren Einsatz als Kühlmittel im WWER-1000-Reaktor zu gewinnen.
Acknowledgements
This study is carried out as a long-term research on thermal-hydraulic scaling and design of a test loop for Science and Research Branch of Islamic Azad University and supported by the Islamic Azad University. The author is pleased to acknowledge Drs. G. Jahanfarnia., K. Sepanloo and M. Nematollahi for their supports of the study.
Abbreviations
- ACC
Accumulator
- CFD
Computational Fluid Dynamic
- CHF
Critical heat flux
- DP
Dimensionless Parameter
- FA
Fuel Assemblies
- FE
Fuel Elements
- HE
Heat Exchanger
- IVR
In-Vessel Retention
- MDNBR
Minimum Departure from Nucleate Boiling Ratio
- SRBTL
Science and Research Branch Test Loop
- RCP
Reactor Coolant Pump
- PRZ
Pressurizer
- SG
Steam Generator
- VVER
Russian Pressurized Water Type Reactor
Letters
- A
flow area (m2)
- C
specific heat capacity (J/kg K)
- T
coolant temperature (k)
- v
velocity (m/s)
- V
volume (m3)
- Re
Reynolds number
- Nu
Nusselt number
- P
pressure (Pa)
- Pr
Prandtl number
- ρ"
heat flux (W/m2)
- K
thermal conductivity (W/mK)
- λB
Boltzman constant (1.3807 × 10–23) (J/K)
- KG
pressure drop coefficient
- G
mass flux, Kg/m2s
- h
enthalpy (J/kg)
- d
nanoparticle diameter (nm)
- ρ
fluid density, kg/m3
- φ
Volume fraction
Subscripts
- A
surface
- b
coolant bulk
- f
base fluid
- nf
nanofluids
- p
nanoparticle
- v
volume
- w
wall surface
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