Abstract
In recent years additive manufacturing techniques for metals became more and more enhanced and a great variety of processable materials are available. Nevertheless, the quality of 3D-printed components is often not obvious, and, depending on the material, it is not known whether they are as resilient as conventionally manufactured parts. In this paper rolled tensile test samples made of 17-4PH are compared with additively manufactured ones. For this purpose, they were printed by Laser Powder Bed Fusion in three different orientations, 0°, 45°, and 90°, and subsequently tensile tested. The presented results contain mesoscopic images of the fracture surfaces, as well as an analysis of the metallographic microstructure. Further details about the measured hardness, the phase diagrams as well as an optimized heat treatment are described in detail. It is shown that specifically the heat treated specimens with a 45° orientation reaches the highest ultimate tensile stress, but possess a low ductility in comparison to the conventional components.
Kurzfassung
In den vergangenen Jahren wurden additive Fertigungsverfahren für Metalle stetig verbessert und eine Vielzahl verarbeitbarer Werkstoffe steht zur Verfügung. Häufig ist die Qualität der 3D-gedruckten Bauteile jedoch keine Selbstverständlichkeit. Für einige Werkstoffe ist zudem nicht bekannt, ob die so hergestellten Teile so belastbar wie konventionell gefertigte sind. In diesem Beitrag werden gewalzte Zugproben aus 17-4PH mit additiv gefertigten Proben verglichen. Zu diesem Zweck wurden Letztere mittels Selektivem Laserschmelzen (Laser Powder Bed Fusion, LPBF) in den drei unterschiedlichen Orientierungen 0°, 45° und 90° gedruckt. Anschließend wurden Zugversuche durchgeführt. Die vorgestellten Ergebnisse umfassen mesoskopische Abbildungen der Bruchflächen sowie eine Analyse des Metallgefüges. Weitere Details zur gemessenen Härte, die Phasendiagramme sowie eine optimierte Wärmebehandlung werden eingehend beschrieben. Es wird gezeigt, dass insbesondere die mit einer Orientierung von 45° gefertigten wärmebehandelten Proben zwar die höchste Zugfestigkeit erreichen, verglichen mit den konventionell gefertigten Bauteilen allerdings auch eine geringe Duktilität aufweisen.
About the authors
Robin Roj studied Mechanical Engineering at the University of Wuppertal and finished his Master of Science in 2011. He graduated with his PhD about CAD-software in 2016. After two years in industry, he continued his scientific career at the FGW. There he is managing the department for Transformation & Innovation.
Aileen Blondrath finished her Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering at the University of Wuppertal in 2019 and her Master of Science in 2021. Now she is focusing on her PhD at the RWTH Aachen. Besides her studies she was working for the FGW.
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