Abstract
Given our pluralistic world today, the G8 or rather G7, is an anachronism. How has the club of Western nations managed to prevail over its four decades of existence? This question is even more relevant in the light of the rise of the G20 at the beginning of the financial crisis in 2008. By making use of the concept of self-legitimation, this paper seeks to gain a better understanding of how both informal institutions ended up in a state of coexistence rather than with the replacement of the G8 by the G20. The main argument is that both needed (and still need) to carefully position themselves as distinct from each other in order to prevail and to inspire adherence. By including visual data and examining two informal institutions rather than formalized international organizations, the analysis complements concurrent research on the legitimation efforts of international institutions. The article traces three modes of public self-legitimation: legitimation policies, legitimation talk and nonverbal self-presentation. Based on textual analysis and a reconstruction of ideal-typical summit photographs (1975–2013), this contribution shows how both institutions present themselves as inclusive, accountable managers for the benefit of all. Despite these similarities, a normative as well as a de facto division of labor makes it more likely for today’s G7 to prevail, even in – or even because of – today’s more pluralistic world.
Acknowledgments:
This research project was conducted at the Collaborative Research Center “Transformations of the State” at the University of Bremen and funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG). I am especially grateful to the anonymous reviewers and Lisa Bogerts from the Zeitschrift für Internationale Beziehungen for their valuable comments and support, to Peter I. Hajnal for making me interested in the artifacts of the G8 and the G20, and Anna Geis, Frank Nullmeier, and Martin Nonhoff for encouraging me to study the summit photographs of the G8 and the G20. I wish to thank Dominika Biegoń, Henning Schmidtke, and Klaus Dingwerth for fruitful discussions on the concept of self-legitimation as well as Matthias Ecker-Ehrhardt, Julian Junk, and Dominik Zaum for their inspiring comments on earlier versions. Thank you very much to John Kirton for inspiring me to this article’s main heading.
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