Abstract
Alloglossidium fonti sp. nov. is described based on specimens from black bullheads (Ameiurus melas) collected from several localities in northwestern Minnesota. The new species is morphologically closest to A. corti and A. geminum. These two species were also found in the same region as A. fonti sp. nov. and sometimes in the same individual fish. Examination of numerous genetically marked specimens has demonstrated that the most reliable distinguishing feature among the three species is the position of anterior margin of the vitelline fields. In the new species they are situated at the level of anterior margin of ventral sucker while in A. corti it is at the level of intestinal bifurcation or even further anteriorly, and in A. geminum it is at the level of posterior margin of ventral sucker or further posteriorly. The new species has a relatively smaller cirrus sac than A. geminum. Despite rather minor, albeit stable morphological differences, the molecular data strongly supported the status of A. fonti sp. nov. as a new species. Moreover, molecular data and morphological examination of new material suggested that A. kenti, earlier synonymized with A. corti, is a valid species that is resurrected here. Comparison of 2420 base long sequences of nuclear rDNA (partial 18S, complete ITS region, and partial 28S) obtained from multiple specimens of all 4 species collected in Minnesota, North Dakota, Nebraska and Mississippi, showed essentially no intraspecific variability (except for 1 base difference in the ITS2 region of A. fonti sp. nov.), but has demonstrated pronounced interspecific differences. The new species was not found in the four examined catfish species from the Red River of the North (on the border between North Dakota and Minnesota) and neighbouring North Dakota.
[1] Brooks D.R. 2003. Lessons from a quiet classic. Journal of Parasitology, 89, 878–885. DOI: 10.1645/GE-3226DF. http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/GE-3226DF10.1645/GE-3226DFSearch in Google Scholar
[2] Carney J.R., Brooks D.R. 1991. Phylogenetic analysis of Alloglossidium Simer, 1929 (Digenea: Plagiorchiiformes: Macroderoididae) with discussion of the origin of truncated life cycle patterns in the genus. Journal of Parasitology, 77, 890–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/328273710.2307/3282737Search in Google Scholar
[3] Font W.F. 1980. The effect of progenesis on the evolution of Alloglossidium (Trematoda, Plagiorchiida, Macroderoididae). Acta Parasitologica Polonica, 27, 173–183. Search in Google Scholar
[4] Font W.F., Corkum K.C. 1975. Alloglossidium renale sp. nov. (Digenea: Macroderoididae) from a Fresh-Water Shrimp and A. progeneticum n. comb. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 94, 421–424. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/322550910.2307/3225509Search in Google Scholar
[5] Font W.F., Lotz J.M. 2008. Family Macroderoididae McMullen, 1937. In: (Eds. D.I. Gibson, R.A. Bray and A. Jones) Keys to the Trematoda. Vol. III. CABI Publishing and the Natural History Museum, London, U.K., pp. 373–380. Search in Google Scholar
[6] Gibson D.I. 1996. Trematoda. In: (Eds. L. Margolis and Z. Kabata) Guide to the parasites of fishes of Canada. Part IV. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, No. 124, NRC Press, Ottawa, 373 pp. Search in Google Scholar
[7] Hall T.A. 1999. BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. Nucleic Acids Symposium Series, 41, 95–98. Search in Google Scholar
[8] Mueller J.F. 1930. The Trematode genus Plagiorchis in fishes. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 49, 174–177. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/322231110.2307/3222311Search in Google Scholar
[9] Nolan M.J., Cribb T.H. 2005. The use and implications of ribosomal DNA sequencing for the discrimination of digenean species. Advances in Parasitology, 60, 101–163. DOI: 10.1016/S0065-308X(05)60002-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0065-308X(05)60002-410.1016/S0065-308X(05)60002-4Search in Google Scholar
[10] Olson P.D., Tkach V.V. 2005. Advances and trends in the molecular systematics of the parasitic Platyhelminthes. Advances in Parasitology, 60, 165–243. DOI: 10.1016/S0065-308X(05)60003-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0065-308X(05)60003-610.1016/S0065-308X(05)60003-6Search in Google Scholar
[11] Parker J.H., Curran S.S., Overstreet R.M., Tkach V.V. 2010. Examination of Homalometron elongatum Manter, 1947 and description of a new congener from Eucinostomus currani Zahuranec, 1980 in the Pacific Ocean off Costa Rica. Comparative Parasitology, 77, 154–163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1654/4451.110.1654/4451.1Search in Google Scholar
[12] Simer P.H. 1929. Fish Trematodes from the Lower Tallahatchie River. American Midland Naturalist, 11, 563–588. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/242014810.2307/2420148Search in Google Scholar
[13] Smythe A.B., Font W.F. 2001. Phylogenetic analysis of Alloglossidium (Digenea: Macroderoididae) and related genera: life-cycle evolution and taxonomic revision. Journal of Parasitology, 87, 386–391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/0022-3395(2001)087[0386:PAOADM]2.0.CO;2Search in Google Scholar
[14] Sullivan J.J., Heard R.W. 1969. Macroderoides progeneticus n. sp., a progenetic trematode (Digenea: Macroderoididae) from the antennary gland of the crayfish, Procambarus spiculifer (LeConte). Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 88, 304–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/322450710.2307/3224507Search in Google Scholar
[15] Tkach V.V., Littlewood D.T.J., Olson P.D., Kinsella J.M., Swiderski Z. 2003. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of the Microphalloidea Ward, 1901 (Trematoda: Digenea). Systematic Parasitology, 56, 1–15. DOI: 10.1023/A:1025546001611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:102554600161110.1023/A:1025546001611Search in Google Scholar
[16] Tkach V.V., Pawlowski J. 1999. A new method of DNA extraction from the ethanol-fixed parasitic worms. Acta Parasitologica Polonica, 44, 147–148. Search in Google Scholar
[17] Tkach V.V., Snyder S.D. 2008. Aptorchis glandularis sp. nov. (Digenea: Plagiorchioidea) from the Northwestern Red-faced turtle, Emydura australis (Pleurodira: Chelidae), in the Kimberley, Western Australia. Journal of Parasitology, 94, 918–924. DOI: 10.1645/GE-1439.1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/GE-1439.110.1645/GE-1439.1Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[18] Tkach V.V., Pulis E.E., Overstreet R.M. 2010. A new Paramacroderoides species (Digenea: Macroderoididae) from two species of gar in the southeastern United States. Journal of Parasitology, 96, 1002–1006. DOI: 10.1645/GE-2385.1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/GE-2385.110.1645/GE-2385.1Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[19] Van Cleave H.J., Mueller J.F. 1934. Parasites of Oneida Lake fishes. Part III. A biological and ecological survey of the worm parasites. Roosevelt Wildlife Annals, 3, 163–334. Search in Google Scholar
[20] Vande Vusse F.J. 1980. Revision of Alloglossidium Simer 1929 (Trematoda: Macroderoididae) and description of A. microspinatum sp. n. from a leech. Journal of Parasitology, 66, 667–670. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/328052710.2307/3280527Search in Google Scholar
© 2011 W. Stefański Institute of Parasitology, PAS
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
