Abstract
The influence of small addition of ionic surfactant such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and carboxylate ethoxyle (TDC) to nonionic surfactant hexaethylene glycol mono-n-dodecyl ether (C12E6) on the microemulsions formed in the system water/decane/surfactant was studied. An empirical description of the phase behaviour is presented that permits to determine the PIT, and what efficiency of the surfactants to expect. The investigation showed an expected rise in the temperature at which maximum solubility was observed (PIT), and a pronounced extension of the solubility area was also observed. In addition, the temperature stability of these microemulsions was improved. The structural study of the system water/(C12E6+1% TDC) shows that the liquid crystal phase is lamellar at 45°C. It's structural parameters are determined by small angle X-ray scattering. The study of lamellar phase allows the description of the evolution of the surfactant chains conformation.
Kurzfassung
Der Einfluss geringer Zugaben eines ionischen Tensids, wie Natriumdodecylsulfat (SDS) und carboxyliertes Ethoxylat (TDC) zum nichtionisches Tensid Hexaethylenglykolmono-n-dodecylether (C12E6) auf die ausgebildeten Mikroemulsionen im Wasser/Dekan/Wasser-System wurde untersucht. Es wird eine empirische Beschreibung des Phasenverhaltens vorgestellt, die eine Bestimmung der PIT und die zu erwartende Effizienz der Tenside erlaubt. Die Untersuchung zeigte einen zu erwartenden Anstieg der Temperatur, bei der die maximale Löslichkeit beobachtet wird. Eine ausgeprägte Ausdehnung des Löslichkeitsbereich wurde ebenfalls beobachtet. Zusätzlich wurde die Temperaturstabilität dieser Mikroemulsionen verbessert. Die strukturelle Untersuchung des Systems Wasser/(C12E6+1% TDC) zeigt, dass die Flüssigkristallphase bei 45°C lamellar ist. Ihre strukturellen Parameter wurden mittels Roentgenkleinwinkelstreuung bestimmt. Die Untersuchung der lamellaren Phase erlaubt die Beschreibung zur Entwicklung der Tensidkettenkonformation.
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