Comparison of Cleaning Power Between Alcohol Ethoxylates or Methyl Ester Ethoxylates Having Different EO Chain Lengths and a Common Anionic Surfactant

Yu Nagai; Natsumi Togawa; Yumiko Tagawa; Keiko Gotoh

doi:10.3139/113.110290

Published by De Gruyter May 1, 2013

Comparison of Cleaning Power Between Alcohol Ethoxylates or Methyl Ester Ethoxylates Having Different EO Chain Lengths and a Common Anionic Surfactant

Vergleich der Waschkraft zwischen Alkoholethoxylaten und Methylesterethoxylaten mit unterschiedlichen EO-Kettenlängen und einem üblichen anionischen Tensid

Yu Nagai , Natsumi Togawa , Yumiko Tagawa and Keiko Gotoh

From the journal Tenside Surfactants Detergents

https://doi.org/10.3139/113.110290

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Abstract

Cleaning power of different surfactants was investigated using a model detergent system consisting of a PET film and stearic acid. Surfactants used were alcohol ethoxylates (AE, C12) and methyl ester ethoxylates (MEE, C12) with different ethylene oxide (EO) chain lengths. For comparison with these nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactant, sodium alkyl sulfate (AS, C12), was chosen. After depositing stearic acid, the PET film was cleaned in aqueous surfactant solutions by applying stirring as a mechanical action for soil removal. The amounts of stearic acid deposited on the PET film before and after the cleaning were obtained by binary processing of microscopic images of the PET film surface, from which the removal efficiency was calculated. The surface tension γ and the contact angle on the PET film θ of the surfactant solution were measured by the pendant drop and the sessile drop method, respectively. For the nonionic surfactants, critical micelle concentration, cmc, and γ and θ above cmc decreased with decreasing EO chain length. The removal efficiency of stearic acid increased with increasing surfactant concentration and further increase in the removal above cmc was observed in the cases of AE and MEE with EO chain length of 10. The removal efficiencies obtained in all systems had good relation with both γ and θ, indicating that the penetration of the surfactant solution between stearic acid and the PET film in the contact zone was a dominant factor in the soil removal in the present system.

Kurzfassung

Die Waschkraft von verschiedenen Tensiden wurde mittels eines Modellwaschsystems bestehend aus einem PET-Film und Stearinsäure untersucht. Bei den eingesetzten Tensiden handelte es sich um C12-Alkoholethoxylate (AE) und um C12-Methylesterethoxylate (MEE), deren EO-Ketten unterschiedlich lang waren. Diese nichtionischen Tenside wurden mit dem anionischen Tensid Natriumdodecylsulfat (C12-AS) verglichen. Nach Abscheidung der Stearinsäure wurde der PET-Film in wässrigen Tensidlösungen gereinigt, wobei die Lösungen zur Schmutzentfernung gerührt (mechanisch bewegt) wurden. Die Menge der auf dem PET-Film abgeschiedenen Stearinsäure wurde vor und nach der Reinigung mittels digitaler Verarbeitung der mikroskopischen Aufnahmen erhalten, woraus die Schmutzentfernungsleistung berechnet wurde. Die Oberflächenspannung (γ) und der Kontaktwinkel (θ) der Tensidlösung auf dem PET-Film wurden mit der Methode des hängenden bzw. liegenden Tropfens bestimmt. Die kritische Mizellbildungkonzentration (cmc), die Oberflächenspannung (γ) und der Kontaktwinkel (θ) oberhalb der cmc den nichtionischen Tenside fielen mit abnehmender EO-Kettenlänge. Die Entfernung der Stearinsäure nahm mit steigender Tensidkonzentration zu. Eine weitere ansteigende Entfernung oberhalb der cmc konnte für AE und MEE, deren EO-Kettenlängen 10 waren, beobachtet werden. Die in allen Systemen erzielte Entfernungseffizienz hatte eine gute Beziehung zur Oberflächenspannung und Kontaktwinkelzwischen der Stearinsäure und dem PET-Film. Das deutete daraufhin, dass die Durchdringung der Tensidlösung zwischen der Stearinsäure und dem PET-Film ein dominanter Faktor für die Schmutzentfernung in dem gegebenen System war.

Key words: Detergency; nonionic surfactant; EO chain length; stearic acid; microscopic image analysis

Stichwörter: Waschkraft; nichtionisches Tensid; EO-Kettenlänge; Stearinsäure; mikroskopische Bildanalyse

*Keiko Gotoh, Faculty of Human Life and Environment, Nara Women's University, Kita-uoya-nishi-machi, Nara 630-8506, Japan, E-Mail: k-gotoh@cc.nara-wu.ac.jp

Yu Nagai Education: 2007 – 2011: Faculty of Human Life and Environment, Nara Women's University, Awarded the degree of B.S. in home economics, 2011 – 2013: Department of Health Science and Clothing Environment, Nara Women's University, Awarded the degree of M.S. in home economics, Work supervised by Professor Keiko Gotoh, 2013: present School of Natural Science and Ecological Awarenes, Nara Women's University, Work supervised by Professor Keiko Gotoh

Natsumi Togawa Education: 2010 – 2014: Faculty of Human Life and Environment, Nara Women's University, Awarded the degree of B.S. in home economics

Yumiko Tagawa Research and professional experience: 1988 – 1999: Research Associate at Department of Home Economics, Seibo Jogakuin Junior College, 1999 – 2005: Lecturer at Department of Human Life Science, Seibo Jogakuin Junior College, 2005 – 2012: Associate Professor at Department of Fashion Design, Kobe University of Fashion Design, 2012: present Professor at Faculty of Business Management, Osaka Sangyo University

Keiko Gotoh Research and professional experience: 1992 – 1993: Research Associate at Department of Clothing Science, Nara Women's University, working with Professor Mieko Tagawa, 1993 – 2003: Associate Professor at Department of Education, Kyoto University of Education, 2003 – 2009: Professor at Department of Education, Kyoto University of Education, 2009: present Professor at Faculty of Human Life and Environment, Nara Women's University

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Received: 2013-10-30

Revised: 2013-12-16

Published Online: 2013-05-01

Published in Print: 2014-03-17

Comparison of Cleaning Power Between Alcohol Ethoxylates or Methyl Ester Ethoxylates Having Different EO Chain Lengths and a Common Anionic Surfactant

Abstract

Kurzfassung

References

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