Synthesis, Surface and Biological Activities of Cationic Surfactants Based on Glycine Moiety

Fatma H. Abdel-Salam; Sharbat A. Baker

doi:10.3139/113.110437

Published by De Gruyter November 7, 2016

Synthesis, Surface and Biological Activities of Cationic Surfactants Based on Glycine Moiety

Synthese, biologische und Oberflächenaktivitäten von kationischen, auf Glycin basierender Tenside

Fatma H. Abdel-Salam and Sharbat A. Baker

From the journal Tenside Surfactants Detergents

https://doi.org/10.3139/113.110437

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Abstract

Two series of cationic surfactants based on glycine molecule as sulfonate salt of N,N-diethyl glycine fatty esters having a hydrocarbon chain length of C₁₂,C₁₆ and C₁₈ followed by quaternerization with ethyl iodide were synthesized. Their chemical structures were confirmed using IR,¹H-NMR, and mass spectroscopy. The surface activity of these amphiphiles has been determined by measurement of their surface tension. Parameters like surface tension (γ), critical micelle concentration (cmc), effectiveness (Π_cmc), efficiency (pC₂₀), maximum surface excess (Γ_max), minimum surface area (A_min) and Gibbs free energy of the micellization (ΔG_mic) and adsorption (ΔG_ads) have been determined from the measurements obtained by surface tension method. All these surfactants showed much lower CMC values compared to the similar hydrophobic chain length surfactant. All synthesized compounds have been evaluated for their biological activity against bacteria and fungi.

Kurzfassung

Es wurde eine Reihe kationischer Tenside aus Glycin als Sulfonatsalz der N,N-Diethylglycinfettsäureester mit Kohlenstoffkettenlängen von C₁₂, C₁₆ und C₁₈ bei nachfolgender Quaternisierung mit Ethyliodid synthetisiert. Ihre Strukturen wurden mittels IR, ¹H-NMR und Massenspektrometrie bestätigt. Die Oberflächenaktivität dieser Amphiphile wurde bestimmt mittels Messung der Oberflächenspannung. Aus den Messungen der Oberflächenspannung wurden Parameter wie die Oberflächenspannung (γ), die kritische Mizellenbildungskonzentration (CMC), die Effektivität (Π_CMC), die Effizienz (pC₂₀), der maximale Oberflächenüberschuss (Γ_max), der minimale Oberflächenplatzbedarf (A_min), die freie Gibbs Energie der Mizellenbildung (ΔG_mic) und die der Adsorption (ΔG_ads) ermittelt. Alle untersuchten Tenside hatten kleinere CMCs als Tenside mit einem vergleichbar langen Kohlenwasserstoffrest. Des Weiteren wurden die Tenside hinsichtlich ihrer biologischen Aktivität gegenüber Bakterien und Pilzen untersucht.

Key words: Synthesis; cationic surfactants; Surface properties; thermodynamic properties; glycine

Stichwörter: Synthese; kationische Tenside; Oberflächeneigenschaften; thermodynamische Eigenschaften; Glycin

*Correspondence address, Prof. Dr. Fatma Abdel-Salam, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, B.O. Box, 11754, Egypt, E-Mail: prof_drfatma@yahoo.com

Fatma H. Abdel-salam received her B.Sc with honors in chemistry (1983) and her MSc. (1989), PhD (1994), assist. prof (2005) and professor (2011) in applied organic chemistry from the faculty of science in al-azhar university, Egypt. She is interested in the synthesis of surfactant, surface and thermodynamic properties of surfactant solutions and their applications.

Sharbat A. Baker received her B.Sc in chemistry (2001) and her MSc. (2006), PhD (2011) in applied organic chemistry from the faculty of science in al-azhar university, Egypt. She is interested in the synthesis of surfactant and their applications.

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Received: 2015-08-04

Accepted: 2015-09-11

Published Online: 2016-11-07

Published in Print: 2016-11-15

Synthesis, Surface and Biological Activities of Cationic Surfactants Based on Glycine Moiety

Abstract

Kurzfassung

References

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