Abstract
Under the aspect of strict environmental regulations, hydrotropy is accepted as an environmentally friendly (“green”) approach to solubilise hydrophobic compounds. Above the minimum hydrotrope concentration (MHC), hydrotropes are capable of self-aggregation; the MHC is considered the minimum requirement for solubilisation. In this article a comprehensive overview of the aggregation behaviour of different hydrotropes is presented. Details about the methods used for aggregation are given. The role of additives is discussed with respect to their influence on the MHC. Thermodynamic studies are used to evaluate the stability of a hydrotrope at different temperatures. A modern approach to the solubilization mechanism using hydrotropes is also presented in this review article. The aim of this article is to provide guidance for conducting such studies on a number of hydrotropes.
Kurzfassung
Unter dem Aspekt der strengen Umweltauflagen wird die Hydrotropie als ein umweltfreundlicher Ansatz zur Solubilisierung hydrophober Verbindungen angenommen. Hydrotrope sind oberhalb der minimalen Hydrotrop-Konzentration (MHC) fähig zur Selbstaggregation; die MHC gilt als Mindestanforderung für eine Solubilisierung. In diesem Artikel wird eine umfassende Übersicht über das Aggregationsverhalten verschiedener Hydrotrope vorgestellt. Es werden Details über die für die Aggregation verwendeten Methoden angegeben. Die Rolle der Additive wird hinsichtlich ihres Einflusses auf die MHC diskutiert. Zur Bewertung der Stabilität eines Hydrotrops bei verschiedenen Temperaturen werden thermodynamische Studien herangezogen. Ein moderner Ansatz zum Solubilisierungsmechanismus mit Hilfe von Hydrotropen wird in diesem Übersichtsartikel ebenfalls vorgestellt. Ziel dieses Artikels ist, Hilfestellung für die Durchführung solcher Studien an einer Anzahl von Hydrotropen zu geben.
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