Abstract
Alkaline treatment of the black rice husk ash (BRHA) was done by immersing BRHA in 8 % sodium hydroxide, NaOH, solution for 24 hours and then the treated BRHA (TBRHA) was neutralized, washed and dried in an oven. The TBRHA was subsequently compounded with the polypropylene (PP) by using single screw extruder machine, and followed by compression molding at 185 °C. The physical properties results showed that the density and the water absorption behavior of the TBRHA filled PP biocomposite (TBRHA-PP) are higher and lower, respectively, when compared with the untreated BRHA filled PP biocomposites (UBRHA-PP). The melt flow index value of the TBRHA-PP biocomposite is also higher in comparison with the UBRHA-PP biocomposites. The mechanical properties results exhibited that the tensile stress, tensile strain, flexural modulus and impact strength of the TBRHA-PP biocomposite are higher than of the UBRHA-PP biocomposites. However, the tensile modulus of the TBRHA-PP biocomposite is slightly lower as compared with the UBRHA-PP biocomposites. Therefore, it could be concluded that the alkaline treatment of the BRHA has improved some of the physico-mechanical properties of the BRHA filled PP biocomposites.
Kurzfassung
Die Alkali-Behandlung von Hülsenasche von schwarzem Reis (Black Rice Husk Ash –BRHA) wurde mittels Eintauchens in einer Lösung aus 8 % Natronlauge (NaOH) für 24 Stunden durchgeführt und danach die behandelte Asche (Treated BRHA – TBRHA) neutralisiert, gewaschen und in einem Ofen getrocknet. Anschließend wurde die TBRHA mit dem Polypropylen (PP) verbunden, indem eine Einfachschrauben-Extrudermaschine verwendet wurde, gefolgt von Formpressen bei 185 °C. Die Ergebnisse in Form der physikalischen Eigenschaften zeigten, dass die Dichte und das Wasserabsorptionsverhalten des mit TBRHA gefüllten PP-Biokomposite (TBRHA filled PP – TBRHA-PP) höher bzw. niedriger waren, wenn sie mit dem unbehandelten mit BRHA gefüllten PP-Biokompositen (BRHA filled PP – UBRHA-PP) verglichen werden. Der Wert des Schmelzflussindexes der TBRHA-PP- Biokomposite ist auch höher im Vergleich mit den UBRHA-PP-Biokompositen. Die Ergebnisse der mechanischen Eigenschaften ergaben, dass die Zugspannung, die Zugdehnung, der Flexibilitätsmodul und die Schlagfestigkeit der TBRHA-PP-Biokomposite höher als die der UBRHA-PP-Biokomposite war. Allerdings ist der Zugmodul der TBRHA-PP-Biokomposite geringfügig niedriger im Vergleich mit den UBRHA-PP-Biokompositen. Daraus kann geschlossen werden, dass die Alkalibehandlung der BRHA einige der physikalisch-mechanischen Eigenschaften der mit BRHA gefüllten PP-Biokompositen verbessert.
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