Skip to content
Licensed Unlicensed Requires Authentication Published by De Gruyter September 9, 2013

Experimental Assessment of Dispersion Failure of Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics in a Twin Screw Extruder

  • K. Hirata , H. Ishida , M. Hiragohri , Y. Nakayama and T. Kajiwara

Abstract

To investigate the conditions necessary for glass fiber bundle dispersion in the polymer compounding process, we developed a method for experimentally quantifying dispersion failure in this study. We employed a co-rotating twin-screw extruder in our experiment and investigated the dependence of frequency of occurrence of dispersion failure on screw configurations (a forward kneading disk (FKD) and a backward mixing screw (BMS) with different screw configurations), throughput (Q), and screw speed (Ns). From our experiments, we found that increasing the production rate promotes the occurrence of dispersion failure when a FKD is used. Dispersion failure is markedly suppressed when a BMS is used. We thus found that the production rate could be increased by using a BMS with a large length-to-diameter (L/D) ratio.


4 Mail address: Kunihiro Hirata, Technical Solution Center, Polyplastics Co., Ltd. 973, Miyajima, Fuji, Shizuoka, 416-8533, Japan. E-mail:

References

Bawikar, S., White, J. L., “Melting Model for Modular Self Wiping Corotating Twin Screw Extruders”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 38, 727740 (1998)10.1002/pen.10238Search in Google Scholar

Bravo, V. L., Hrymak, A. N. and Wright, J. D., “Numerical Simulation of Pressure and Velocity Profiles in Kneading Elements of a Corotating Twin Screw Extruder”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 40, 525541 (2000)10.1002/pen.11184Search in Google Scholar

Bravo, V. L., Hrymak, A. N. and Wright, J. D., “Study of Particle Trajectories, Residence Times and Flow Behavior in Kneading Discs of Intermeshing Corotating Twin-Screw Extruders”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 44, 779793 (2004)10.1002/pen.20070Search in Google Scholar

Czarnecki, L., White, J. L., “Shear Flow Rheological Properties, Fiber Damage, and Mastication Characteristics of Aramid-, Glass-, and Cellulose-Fiber-Reinforced Polystyrene Melts”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 25, 12171244 (1980)Search in Google Scholar

Fisa, B., “Mechanical Degradation of Glass Fibers During Compounding with Polypropylene”, Polym. Compos., 6, 232 (1985)10.1002/pc.750060408Search in Google Scholar

Forgacs, O. L., Mason, S. G., “Particle Motions in Sheared Suspensions IX. Spin and Deformation of Threadlike Particles”, J. Colloid Sci., 14, 457472 (1959)Search in Google Scholar

Funatsu, K., Kihara, S., Miyazaki, M., Katsuki, S. and Kajiwara, T., “3-D Numerical Analysis on the Mixing Performance for Assemblies with Filled Zone of Right-Handed and Left-Handed Double-flighted Screws and Kneading Blocks in Twin Screw Extruders”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 42, 707723 (2002)Search in Google Scholar

Inceoglu, F., Ville, J., Ghamri, N., Pradel, J. L., Durin, A., Valette, R. and Vergnes, B., “Correlation between Processing Conditions and Fiber Breakage during Compounding of Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polyamide”, Polym. Compos., 32, 18421850 (2011)Search in Google Scholar

Ishikawa, T., Kihara, S. and Funatsu, K., “3-D Non-isothermal Flow Field Analysis and Mixing Performance Evaluation of Kneading Blocks in a Corotating Twin Screw Extruder”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 41, 840849 (2001)Search in Google Scholar

Jaffer, S. A., Bravo, V. L., Wood, P. E., Hrymak, A. N. and Wright, J. D., “Experimental Validation of Numerical Simulations of the Kneading Disc Section in a Twin Screw Extruder”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 40, 892901 (2000)10.1002/pen.11217Search in Google Scholar

Kim, P. J., White, J. L., “Transesterification of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer in a Modular Intermeshing Corotating Twin Screw Extruder with Different Screw Configurations”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 54, 3345 (1994)10.1002/app.1994.070540104Search in Google Scholar

Kuroda, M. M. H., Scott, C. E., “Initial Dispersion Mechanisms of Chopped Glass Fibers in Polystyrene”, Polym. Compos., 23, 395405 (2002)Search in Google Scholar

Kye, H., White, J. L., “Continuous Polymerization of Caprolactam in a Modular Intermeshing Corotating Twin Screw Extruder Integrated with Continuous Melt Spinning of Polyamide 6 Fiber: Influence of Screw Design and Process Conditions”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 52, 12491262 (1994)10.1002/app.1994.070520910Search in Google Scholar

Lawal, A., Kalyon, D. M. and Ji, Z., “Computational Study of Chaotic Mixing in Corotating Two-tipped Kneading Paddles: Two Dimensional Approach”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 33, 140148 (1993)Search in Google Scholar

Lawal, A., Kalyon, D. M., “Mechanisms of Mixing in Single and Corotating Twin Screw Extruders”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 35, 13251388 (1995)Search in Google Scholar

Lim, S., White, J. L., “Influence of a Compatibilizing Agent on the Phase Morphology of a Polyethylene-Polyamide 6 Blend in a Modular Intermeshing Corotating Twin Screw Extruder”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 34, 221228 (1994)10.1002/pen.760340308Search in Google Scholar

Nakayama, Y., Takeda, E., Shigeishi, T., Tomiyama, H. and Kajiwara, T., “Melt-mixing by Novel Pitched-tip Kneading Discs in a Corotating Twin-Screw Extruder”, Chem. Eng. Sci., 66, 103 (2011)10.1016/j.ces.2010.10.022Search in Google Scholar

Ramani, K., Bank, D. and Kraemer, N., “Effect of Screw Design on Fiber Damage in Extrusion Compounding and Composite Properties”, Polym. Compos., 16, 258266 (1995)Search in Google Scholar

Shimizu, Y., Arai, A., Itoyama, T. and Kawamoto, H., “Experimental Analysis of the Kneading Disk Region in a Corotating Twin Screw Extruder: Part 2. Glass Fiber Degradation during Compounding”, Adv. Polym. Tech., 16, 2532 (1997)Search in Google Scholar

Turkovich, R. V., Erwin, L., “Fiber Fracture in Reinforced Thermoplastics Processing”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 23, 743749 (1983)Search in Google Scholar

White, J. L., Chen, Z., “Simulation of Non-isothermal Flow in Modular Corotating Twin Screw Extrusion”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 34, 229237 (1994)10.1002/pen.760340309Search in Google Scholar

Yank, H. H., Manas-Zloczower, I., “Flow Field Analysis of the Kneading Disc Region in a Corotating Twin Screw Extruder”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 32, 14111417 (1992)Search in Google Scholar

Yao, C. H., Manas-Zloczower, I., “Influence of Design on Dispersive Mixing Performance in an Axial Discharge Continuous Mixer – LCMAX 40”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 38, 936946 (1998)Search in Google Scholar

Yilmazer, U., Cansever, M., “Effects of Processing Conditions on the Fiber Length Distribution and Mechanical Properties of Glass Fiber Reinforced Nylon-6”, Polym. Compos., 23, 6171 (2002)Search in Google Scholar

Zhang, X. M., Feng, L. F., Chen, W. X. and Hu, G. H., “Numerical Simulation and Experimental Validation of Mixing Performance of Kneading Discs in a Twin Screw Extruder”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 49, 17721783 (2009)Search in Google Scholar

Received: 2012-9-10
Accepted: 2013-5-28
Published Online: 2013-09-09
Published in Print: 2013-08-01

© 2013, Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich

Downloaded on 28.3.2024 from https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.3139/217.2704/pdf
Scroll to top button