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In Between Homeland and Motherland, Alvin B. Tillery Jr. considers the history of political engagement with Africa on the part of African Americans, beginning with the birth of Paul Cuffe's back-to-Africa movement in the Federal Period to the Congressional Black Caucus's struggle to reach consensus on the African Growth and Opportunity Act of 2000. In contrast to the prevailing view that pan-Africanism has been the dominant ideology guiding black leaders in formulating foreign policy positions toward Africa, Tillery highlights the importance of domestic politics and factors within the African American community.
Employing an innovative multimethod approach that combines archival research, statistical modeling, and interviews, Tillery argues that among African American elites—activists, intellectuals, and politicians—factors internal to the community played a large role in shaping their approach to African issues, and that shaping U.S. policy toward Africa was often secondary to winning political battles in the domestic arena. At the same time, Africa and its interests were important to America's black elite, and Tillery's analysis reveals that many black leaders have strong attachments to the "motherland."
Spanning two centuries of African American engagement with Africa, this book shows how black leaders continuously balanced national, transnational, and community impulses, whether distancing themselves from Marcus Garvey's back-to-Africa movement, supporting the anticolonialism movements of the 1950s, or opposing South African apartheid in the 1980s.
Alvin B. Tillery Jr. is Assistant Professor of Political Science at Rutgers University–New Brunswick, The State University of New Jersey.
"Between Homeland and Motherland argues that the dominant theory of 'transnationalism' does not adequately explain American black elite behavior in the foreign policy arena.... This book impressively employs the analytical narrative approach, drawing on multiple sources of data, including empirical research, to present a rich historical context for assessing the efficacy of black leadership in influencing U.S. Africa policy.... This book makes a salient contribution to understanding the historical role played by blacks in influencing U.S. foreign policy toward Africa, and the complexities that undergird black leadership engaged in activism in this area.... Tillery's extensive research provides a rich historical framework for his analytical narratives on the book's central theme."
Ira Katznelson, Ruggles Professor of Political Science and HistoryColumbia University, author of When Affirmative Action Was White: An Untold History of Racial Inequality in Twentieth-Century America:
"Written with historical depth and theoretical sensibility, this important book accounts for the uneven and complex relationships that have linked black political and policy elites in the United States to concerns about Africa in foreign affairs. It deploys a strategic prism to powerfully illuminate how domestic considerations about leadership, organizations, and constituents shaped decisions by these leaders about Liberia, Garveyism, the Cold War, decolonization, and South Africa from the early nineteenth century to the present day."
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