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Leprosy has afflicted humans for thousands of years. It wasn't until the twelfth century, however, that the dreaded disease entered the collective psyche of Western society, thanks to a frightening epidemic that ravaged Catholic Europe. The Church responded by constructing charitable institutions called leprosariums to treat the rapidly expanding number of victims. As important as these events were, Timothy Miller and John Nesbitt remind us that the history of leprosy in the West is incomplete without also considering the Byzantine Empire, which confronted leprosy and its effects well before the Latin West. In Walking Corpses, they offer the first account of medieval leprosy that integrates the history of East and West.In their informative and engaging account, Miller and Nesbitt challenge a number of misperceptions and myths about medieval attitudes toward leprosy (known today as Hansen’s disease). They argue that ethical writings from the Byzantine world and from Catholic Europe never branded leprosy as punishment for sin; rather, theologians and moralists saw the disease as a mark of God’s favor on those chosen for heaven. The stimulus to ban lepers from society and ultimately to persecute them came not from Christian influence but from Germanic customary law. Leprosariums were not prisons to punish lepers but were centers of care to offer them support; some even provided both male and female residents the opportunity to govern their own communities under a form of written constitution. Informed by recent bioarchaeological research that has vastly expanded knowledge of the disease and its treatment by medieval society, Walking Corpses also includes three key Greek texts regarding leprosy (one of which has never been translated into English before).
Timothy S. Miller is Professor of History at Salisbury University. He is the author of The Birth of the Hospital in the Byzantine Empire and The Orphans of Byzantium, and coeditor of Peace and War in the Byzantine Empire.NesbittJohn W.:
John W. Nesbitt has retired as Research Fellow at Dumbarton Oaks. He is coauthor of The Miracles of St. Artemios: A Collection of Miracle Stories by an Anonymous Author of Seventh-Century Byzantium, editor of Byzantine Authors: Literary Activities and Preoccupations, and coeditor of the six-volume Catalogue of Byzantine Seals at Dumbarton Oaks and the Fogg Museum of Art and Peace and War in the Byzantine Empire.
"Timothy S. Miller and John W. Nesbitt have retrieved a wealth of source material to help elucidate the study of leprosy and its perception by society. Walking Corpses is written in an accessible way that should appeal to a broad audience of those interested in Byzantium and the Middle Ages as well as the history of disease and Christian charity."
Elizabeth W. Mellyn:
"'Wretched corpses,' 'moving cadavers,' 'creeping bodies.' Fourth-century Byzantine bishops used these phrases to describe men and women afflicted with leprosy. Timothy S. Miller and John W. Nesbitt invite readers to reinterpret this dramatic language in their book, Walking Corpses, a useful comparative study of religious, medical, and legal reactions to leprosy in Byzantium and the medieval Latin West."
Lucy Barnhouse:
"Walking Corpses impresses as a book filling gaps in existing scholarship, and provides a welcome resource for the teaching of medieval leprosy, a fraught and fascinating topic in undergraduate classrooms. Of particular value is the appendix with the author's edition of relevant texts on leprosy. Walking Corpses both expands the field of study and shows directions in which this necessary endeavor can be continued."
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