Abstract
This paper provides the first comprehensive checklist of the seaweeds of Cyprus, based on both literature records and new collections. The total number of species and infraspecific taxa currently accepted is 313, including 53 green algae (Ulvophyceae), 90 brown algae (Phaeophyceae), and 170 red algae (Rhodophyta). Among them, 30 taxa are reported for the first time from Cyprus: 7 green algae, 9 brown algae, and 14 red algae, while 9 taxa are regarded as aliens. In addition, 10 taxa pending confirmation of their presence, 3 excludenda, and 3 inquirenda are briefly discussed.
Introduction
The marine benthic flora of Cyprus remains poorly explored, as only a few studies have been carried out until today. Den Hartog (1972) was the first to report a marine plant from Cyprus, the Lessepsian seagrass Halophila stipulacea (Forsskål) Ascherson, followed by Lipkin (1975), who also focused on seagrasses of the island. Prud’homme van Reine (1982) reported two brown algal species [Sphacelaria rigidula Kützing and Sphacelaria cirrosa (Roth) C. Agardh] from Cape Pyla. A more detailed study was provided by Cirik et al. (2000), who included numerous marine plant records from the northern coasts. Taşkın et al. (2008) published a list of alien algae of the northern coasts of the island. More recently, the same authors provided a detailed catalog of seaweeds from the northern coasts (Taşkın et al. 2013). Later on, two alien green algae – Caulerpa racemosa and Caulerpa taxifolia var. distichophylla – were also recorded from the Cypriot coasts (Argyrou et al. 1999, 2003, Çiçek et al. 2013; Aplikioti, personal communication). Finally, scattered records of marine plants from Cyprus can also be found in a few studies dealing either with other groups of marine biota (Hadjichristophorou et al. 1997, Russo 1997, Katsanevakis et al. 2009) or with the use of macroalgae as bioindicators (Stavrou and Orfanidis 2012). All these studies cover only a fraction of the total coastline and different habitats of Cyprus, which is mostly due to the unresolved political situation prevailing over almost four decades, constituting a significant obstacle to more comprehensive marine biodiversity studies and conservation efforts for the island’s inshore marine communities.
Over the last decade, numerous surveys of marine plants of Cyprus have been conducted by the authors, within the framework of the TOTAL Foundation-sponsored project “Brown algal biodiversity and ecology in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea”, the implementation of the Water Framework directive (WFD, 2000/60/EC), and via personal collections. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive and updated checklist of green, brown, and red macroalgae of the island based on both literature data and personal collections.
Materials and methods
The study areas
Field work was performed at several coastal sites around Cyprus (Figure 1): in the years 2003–2004 at Akamas (35°2′32.60″N/32°16′35.60″E) and Liopetri (34°57′38.70″N/ 33°53′50.51″E); in summer 2007 and 2008 at Liopetri; in spring 2012 at Akamas, Cavo Greco (34°57′39.47″N/ 34°4′50.12″E), Famagusta (35°10′N/33°55′E), Karpasia (35°41′N/34°35′E), Kyrenia (35°20′N/33°17′E), Liopetri and Varosha (35°07′22″N/33°57′26″E), and in late summer 2013 at Zenobia wreck (34°53′6″N/33°39′5″E) and northern Akamas (35°04′N°/32°19′E). Sampling was carried out by free diving in rocky midlittoral and upper sublittoral levels (0–3 m depth) and by scuba diving down to 42 m depth. All specimens were collected by destructive sampling (picking or scraping the macroalgae off the substratum). The material collected was preserved in 4% buffered formalin/seawater and/or mounted on Bristol paper, pressed, air dried, and prepared as herbarium specimens.
In the laboratory, specimens were observed under dissecting or compound microscopes. When necessary, they were sectioned manually with a razor blade. In several cases, permanent material was prepared as microscope slides using Karo™ corn syrup (ACH Food Companies, Memphis, TN, USA). Herbarium specimens have been deposited in the East Mediterranean Seaweed Herbarium at the Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, University of Athens (Greece), and in the seaweed herbarium at the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, Celal Bayar University (Manisa, Turkey). For nomenclature purposes, the following taxonomic databases were used: Index Nominum Algarum (Silva 2014) and AlgaeBase (Guiry and Guiry 2014).
Reference sources used
Marine macroalgal taxa reported in scientific journals and conference proceedings have been critically reviewed from present-day taxonomic and nomenclatural aspects, taking into account the on-line data provided by Silva (2014) and Guiry and Guiry (2014). On the other hand, technical reports, Bachelor and Master dissertations have not been considered here as they lack a rigorous peer review process in their preparation.
Definitions used
All taxa have been grouped in four categories: accepted, pending confirmation of their presence, excludenda, and inquirenda. Taxa are listed alphabetically for each group (green, brown, red algae) in order to make their detection easier. The locations at which each taxon was found in the present study are given. Previous literature records are also provided for each taxon.
Results
In total, 151 marine macroalgae were identified from all of our sampling expeditions (Table 1), including 30 green algae (Ulvophyceae), 53 brown algae (Phaeophyceae), and 68 red algae (Rhodophyta). Among our collections, 7 green, 9 brown, and 14 red macroalgae are reported for the first time from Cyprus, raising the total number of seaweed species recorded in Cyprus to 313 taxa (53 green, 90 brown, and 170 red algae – see Table 1).
Ulvophyceae | Present study | Previous references |
---|---|---|
Acetabularia acetabulum (Linnaeus) P.C. Silva | Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Anadyomene stellata (Wulfen) C. Agardh | Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Bryopsis corymbosa J. Agardh | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Bryopsis cupressina J.V. Lamouroux | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
= Bryopsis cupressoides J. Agardh nom. illeg. | ||
Bryopsis duplexDe Notaris | Varosha | |
Bryopsis hypnoides J.V. Lamouroux | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Bryopsis pennata J.V. Lamouroux | Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000 |
Bryopsis plumosa (Hudson) C. Agardh | Famagusta, Liopetri | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Caulerpa prolifera (Forsskål) J.V. Lamouroux | Cavo Greco, Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia | Cirik et al. 2000, Argyrou et al. 2003, Taşkın et al. 2010, 2013 |
aCaulerpa cylindracea Sonder = Caulerpa racemosa var. cylindracea (Sonder) M. Verlaque, J.M. Huisman et C.F. Boudouresque | Cavo Greco, Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Hadjichristophorou et al. 1997, Argyrou et al. 1999, 2003, Cirik et al. 2000, Verlaque et al. 2003, Taşkın et al. 2008, 2013 |
aCaulerpa racemosa var. [lamourouxii] f. requienii (Montagne) Weber-van Bosse | Verlaque et al. 2000 | |
aCaulerpa taxifolia (M. Vahl) C. Agardh var. distichophylla (Sonder) M. Verlaque, J.M. Huisman et Procaccini | Famagusta, Cavo Greco | Çiçek et al. 2013, Aplikioti, personal communication |
Chaetomorpha ligustica(Kützing) Kützing | Akamas | |
Chaetomorpha linum (O.F. Müller) Kützing | Kyrenia, Liopetri | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
= Chaetomorpha aerea (Dillwyn) Kützing | ||
Cladophora albida(Nees) Kützing | Liopetri | |
Cladophora coelothrix Kützing= Cladophoropsis modonensis (Kützing) Reinbold | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Cladophora dalmatica Kützing | Kyrenia | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Cladophora echinus(Biasoletto) Kützing | Cavo Greco | |
Cladophora glomerata (Linnaeus) Kützing | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Cladophora laetevirens (Dillwyn) Kützing | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Cladophora lehmanniana (Lindenberg) Kützing | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Cladophora pellucida (Hudson) Kützing | Famagusta, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Cladophora prolifera (Roth) Kützing | Akamas, Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Cladophora sericea (Hudson) Kützing | Akamas, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000 |
Cladophora vagabunda (Linnaeus) Hoek | Liopetri | Argyrou 2000 |
Cladophoropsis membranacea (Hofman Bang ex C. Agardh) Børgesen | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Codium bursa (Olivi) C. Agardh | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Codium decorticatum (Woodward) M.A. Howe | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
Dasycladus vermicularis (Scopoli) Krasser = Dasycladus claviformis («clavaeformis») (Roth) C. Agardh | Akamas, Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Russo 1997, Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Derbesia tenuissima (Moris et De Notaris) P.L. Crouan et H.M. Crouan | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Didymosporangium repens F.D. Lambert | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Flabellia petiolata (Turra) Nizamuddin = Udotea petiolata (Turra) Børgesen | Akamas, Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia | Russo 1997, Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Gayralia oxysperma (Kützing) K.L. Vinogradova ex Scagel et al. | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Halimeda tuna (J. Ellis et Solander) J.V. Lamouroux | Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia | Russo 1997, Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Palmophyllum crassum (Naccari) Rabenhorst | Cirik et al. 2000, Argyrou et al. 2003 | |
Percursaria percursa (C. Agardh) Rosenvinge | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Phaeophila dendroides (P.L. Crouan et H.M. Crouan) Batters | Famagusta, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Pseudobryopsis myura (J. Agardh) Berthold ex Oltmanns | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Pseudochlorodesmis furcellata(Zanardini) Børgesen | Liopetri | |
Siphonocladus pusillus(C. AgardhexKützing) Hauck | Liopetri | |
Ulothrix implexa (Kützing) Kützing | Famagusta | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Ulva clathrata (Roth) C. Agardh | Famagusta | Cirik et al. 2000 |
= Enteromorpha clathrata (Roth) Greville | ||
Ulva compressa Linnaeus | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Ulva flexuosaWulfen | Liopetri | |
Ulva intestinalis Linnaeus var. intestinalis= Enteromorpha intestinalis (Linneaus) Nees | Famagusta, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Ulva intestinalis f. cylindracea (J. Agardh) M.J. Wynne | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Ulva intestinalis f. ramosa (Vinogradova) E. Taşkın | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Ulva linza Linnaeus | Famagusta, Kyrenia | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
= Enteromorpha linza (Linnaeus) J. Agardh | ||
Ulva rigida C. Agardh | Liopetri | Russo 1997 |
Ulvella lens P.L. Crouan et H.M. Crouan | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Ulvella repens (Pringsheim) R. Nielsen, C.J. O’Kelly et B. Wysor | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
= Acrochaete repens Pringsheim | ||
Umbraulva olivascens (P.J.L. Dangeard) G. Furnari | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Valonia utricularis (Roth) C. Agardh | Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000 |
PHAEOPHYCEAE | ||
Acinetospora crinita (Carmichael) Sauvageau | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Arthrocladia villosa(Hudson) Duby | Cavo Greco | |
Choristocarpus tenellusZanardini | Cavo Greco | |
Cladosiphon cylindricus(Sauvageau) Kylin | Akamas | |
Cladosiphon irregularis (Sauvageau) Kylin | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Cladosiphon mediterraneus Kützing | Liopetri | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Cladostephus spongiosum (Hudson) C. Agardh | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Colpomenia sinuosa (Mertens ex Roth) Derbès et Solier | Famagusta, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Corynophlaea flaccida (C. Agardh) Kützing | Famagusta | Taşkın et al. 2010, 2013 |
Corynophlaea umbellata (C. Agardh) Kützing | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Cutleria adspersa (Mertens ex Roth) De Notaris | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Cutleria multifida (Turner) Greville | Karpasia | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Cystoseira amentacea (C. Agardh) Bory var. stricta Montagne | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Cystoseira barbata (Stackhouse) C. Agardh | Akamas, Famagusta, Kyrenia | Russo 1997, Cirik et al. 2000, Stavrou and Orfanidis 2012, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Cystoseira barbatulaKützingemend.Cormaci, G. FurnarietGiaccone | Akamas, Karpasia, Liopetri | |
Cystoseira brachycarpaJ. Agardhemend.Giaccone | Akamas, Cavo Greco, Karpasia | |
Cystoseira compressa (Esper) Gerloff et Nizamuddin f. compressa | Akamas, Famagusta, Karpasia, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Cystoseira compressa f. plana (Ercegovič) Cormaci, G. Furnari, Giaccone, Scammacca et Serio | Akamas, Karpasia, Kyrenia | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Cystoseira corniculata (Turner) Zanardini | Akamas, Famagusta, Kyrenia | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Cystoseira crinita Duby | Famagusta | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Cystoseira elegans Sauvageau | Akamas, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000 |
Cystoseira foeniculacea (Linnaeus) Greville f. foeniculacea | Akamas, Cavo Greco, Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia, Varosha | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Cystoseira foeniculaceaf.latiramosa(Ercegovič) Gómez Garreta, Barceló, RiberaetRull Lluch | Akamas | |
Phaeophyceae | Present study | Previous references |
Cystoseira foeniculacea f. schiffneri (Hamel) Gómez Garreta, Barceló, Ribera et Rull Lluch | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
= Cystoseira schiffneri Hamel | ||
Cystoseira foeniculacea f. tenuiramosa (Ercegovič) Gómez Garreta, Barceló, Ribera et Rull Lluch | Akamas, Karpasia | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Cystoseira humilis Schousboe ex Kützing var. humilis | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Cystoseira humilis var. myriophylloides (Sauvageau) J.H. Price et D.M. John | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Cystoseira mediterranea Sauvageau | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Cystoseira spinosa Sauvageau var. spinosa | Akamas, Famagusta, Liopetri, Varosha | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Cystoseira spinosa var. compressa (Ercegovič) Cormaci, G. Furnari, Giaccone, Scammacca et Serio | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
Cystoseira zosteroides (Turner) C. Agardh | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Dictyopteris lucida Ribera Siguan, Gómez Garreta, Pérez Ruzafa, Barceló Martí et Rull Lluch | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Dictyopteris polypodioides (A.P. De Candolle) J.V. Lamouroux | Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Dictyota dichotoma (Hudson) J.V. Lamouroux var. dichotoma | Akamas, Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Dictyota dichotoma var. intricata (C. Agardh) Greville | Cavo greco, Famagusta, Kyrenia, Liopetri, Zenobia | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Dictyota fasciola (Roth) J.V. Lamouroux var. fasciola= Dilophus fasciola (Roth) Howe | Akamas, Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Dictyota fasciola var. repens (J. Agardh) Ardissone | Famagusta | Cirik et al. 2000 |
= Dilophus repens (J. Agardh) J. Agardh | ||
Dictyota linearis (C. Agardh) Greville | Cavo Greco, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Dictyota mediterranea (Schiffner) G. Furnari = Dilophus mediterraneus Schiffner | Akamas, Cavo Greco, Famagusta, Karpasia, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000 |
Dictyota spiralis Montagne | Akamas, Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Ectocarpus crouaniorum Thuret | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Ectocarpus fasciculatus Harvey | Famagusta | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Ectocarpus siliculosus (Dillwyn) Lyngbye var. siliculosus | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Ectocarpus siliculosus var. penicillatus C. Agardh | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Eudesme virescens (Carmichael ex Berkeley) J. Agardh | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Feldmannia irregularis (Kützing) G. Hamel | Famagusta, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Feldmannia lebelii (P.L. Crouan et H.M. Crouan) G. Hamel | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Feldmannia padinae (Buffham) G. Hamel | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Feldmannia paradoxa (Montagne) Hamel var. paradoxa | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Feldmannia paradoxa var. caespitula (J. Agardh) Cormaci et G. Furnari | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Halopteris filicina (Grateloup) Kützing | Cavo Greco, Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Halopteris scoparia (Linnaeus) Sauvageau | Akamas, Cavo Greco, Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia, Liopetri, Zenobia | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Hapalospongidion macrocarpum (Feldmann) León-Álvarez et González-González | Famagusta | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Hincksia mitchelliae (Harvey) P.C. Silva | Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Hydroclathrus clathratus (Bory ex C. Agardh) M.A. Howe | Famagusta | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Kuetzingiella battersii (Bornet ex Sauvageau) Kornmann | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Lobophora variegata (J.V. Lamouroux) Womersley ex E.C. Oliveira | Akamas, Cavo Greco | Cirik et al. 2000 |
Microspongium stilophorae (P.L. Crouan et H.M. Crouan) Cormaci et G. Furnari | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Mikrosyphar polysiphoniae Kuckuck | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Myriactula arabica (Kützing) J. Feldmann | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Myriactula rivulariae (Suhr) J. Feldmann | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Myrionema orbiculare J. Agardh | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Myrionema strangulans Greville | Famagusta, Kyrenia | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Myriotrichia claviformis (“clavaeformis”) Harvey | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Nemacystus flexuosus (C. Agardh) Kylin var. giraudyi (J. Agardh) de Jong | Famagusta | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Nereia filiformis (J. Agardh) Zanardini | Akamas | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Padina ditristromatica Ni-Ni-Win et Kawai | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Padina pavonica (Linnaeus) Thivy | Akamas, Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Russo 1997, Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Petalonia fascia (O.F. Müller) Kuntze | Famagusta, Kyrenia | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Protectocarpus speciosus (Børgesen) Kornmann | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Pseudolithoderma adriaticum (Hauck) M. Verlaque | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Punctaria tenuissima (C. Agardh) Greville | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
= Punctaria latifolia Greville | ||
= Hecatonema terminale (Kützing) Kylin | ||
Ralfsia verrucosa (Areschoug) Areschoug | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Sargassum acinarium (Linnaeus) Setchell | Akamas, Cavo Greco, Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia, Zenobia | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Sargassum hornschuchii C. Agardh | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Sargassum trichocarpumJ. Agardh | Akamas | |
Sargassum vulgare C. Agardh nom. illeg. | Akamas, Famagusta, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Russo 1997, Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Scytosiphon lomentaria (Lyngbye) Link | Famagusta, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Spermatochnus paradoxus (Roth) Kützing | Akamas | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Sphacelaria cirrosa (Roth) C. Agardh | Akamas, Cavo Greco, Liopetri | Prud’homme van Reine (1982), Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Sphacelaria fusca (Hudson) S.F. Gray | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Sphacelaria rigidula Kützing | Famagusta, Karpasia, Liopetri | Prud’homme van Reine (1982), Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Sphacelaria tribuloides Meneghini | Famagusta, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Sporochnus pedunculatus(Hudson) C. Agardh | Cavo Greco | |
Stilophora tenella (Esper) P.C. Silva | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Striaria attenuata(Greville) Greville | Karpasia | |
aStypopodium schimperi (Buchinger ex Kützing) M. Verlaque et Boudouresque | Akamas, Cavo Greco, Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia, Liopetri, Zenobia | Verlaque and Boudouresque 1991, Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2008, 2013 |
Taonia atomaria (Woodward) J. Agardh | Akamas, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Taonia pseudociliata (J.V. Lamouroux) Nizamuddin et Godeh | Liopetri | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Zanardinia typus (Nardo) P.C. Silva | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
RHODOPHYCEAE | ||
Acanthophora nayadiformis (Delile) Papenfuss | Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000 |
Acrodiscus vidovichii(Meneghini) Zanardini | Akamas, Cavo Greco | |
Acrochaetium mediterraneum (Levring) Athanasiadis | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
= Audouinella mediterranea (Levring) G. Furnari | ||
Acrochaetium microscopicum (Nägeli ex Kützing) Nägeli | Karpasia | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Acrochaetium savianum (Meneghini) Nägeli | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Acrochaetium secundatum (Lyngbye) Nägeli | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Acrochaetium virgatulum (Harvey) Batters | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Aglaothamnion bipinnatum (P.L. Crouan et H.M. Crouan) Feldmann et G. Feldmann | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Alsidium corallinum C. Agardh | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
Alsidium helminthochorton(Schwendimann) Kützing | Liopetri | |
Amphiroa beauvoisii J.V. Lamouroux | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Amphiroa cryptarthrodia Zanardini | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Amphiroa rigida J.V. Lamouroux | Famagusta, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Anotrichium tenue (C. Agardh) Nägeli | Famagusta, Karpasia, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Antithamnion cruciatum (C. Agardh) Nägeli | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
aAsparagopsis armata Harvey | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
bBangia fuscopurpurea (Dillwyn) Lyngbye | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Boergeseniella fruticulosa (Wulfen) Kylin | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Botryocladia botryoides (Wulfen) Feldmann | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
aBotryocladia madagascariensis G. Feldmann | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Callithamnion corymbosum (J.E. Smith) Lyngbye | Cavo Greco, Famagusta, Liopetri | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Calosiphonia vermicularis (J. Agardh) F. Schmitz | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
Caulacanthus ustulatus (Mertens ex Turner) Kützing | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Ceramium ciliatum (J. Ellis) Ducluzeau var. ciliatum | Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Ceramium ciliatum var. robustum (J. Agardh) Mazoyer | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Ceramium cimbricum H.E. Petersen | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
= Ceramium fastigiatum Harvey nom. illeg. | ||
Ceramium circinatum (Kützing) J.Agardh | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Ceramium codii (H. Richards) Mazoyer | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Ceramium diaphanum (Lightfoot) Roth = Ceramium tenuissimum (Roth) Areschoug nom. illeg. | Cavo Greco, Famagusta, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Ceramium gaditanum (Clemente) J. Cremades var. mediterraneum (F. Debray) J. Cremades | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Ceramium giacconei Cormaci et G.Furnari | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Ceramium secundatum Lyngbye | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Ceramium siliquosum (Kützing) Maggs et Hommersand var. lophophorum (G. Feldman-Mazoyer) Serio | Taşkı et al. 2013 | |
Ceramium siliquosumvar.zostericola(G. Feldmann-Mazoyer) G. Furnari | Liopetri | |
Ceramium tenerrimum(G. Martens) Okamura var. tenerrimum | Liopetri | |
Ceramium tenerrimum var. brevizonatum (H.E. Petersen) Mazoyer | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Champia parvula (C. Agardh) Harvey | Akamas, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Chondracanthus acicularis (Roth) Fredericq | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
= Gigartina acicularis (Roth) J.V. Lamouroux | ||
Chondria capillaris (Hudson) M.J. Wynne | Cavo Greco, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
= Chondria tenuissima (Withering) C. Agardh | ||
Chondria coerulescens (J. Agardh) Falkenberg | Katsanevakis et al. 2009 | |
Chondria dasyphylla (Woodward) C. Agardh | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Chondria mairei G. Feldmann | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Choreonema thuretii (Bornet) F. Schmitz | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Rhodophyta | Present study | Previous references |
Chroodactylon ornatum (C. Agardh) Basson | Akamas, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Chylocladia verticillata (Lightfoot) Bliding | Akamas, Famagusta, Karpasia | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Colaconema daviesii (Dillwyn) Stegenga | Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Colaconema endophyticum (Batters) J.T. Harper et G.W. Saunders | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Corallina officinalis Linnaeus | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Corallophila cinnabarina (Grateloup ex Bory de Saint-Vincent) R.E. Norris | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Crouania attenuata (C. Agardh) J. Agardh | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Dasya corymbifera J. Agardh | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Dasya ocellata (Grateloup) Harvey | Famagusta | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Dasya rigidula (Kützing) Ardissone | Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Digenea simplex (Wulfen) C. Agardh | Akamas | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Dipterosiphonia rigens (Shousboe ex C. Agardh) Falkenberg | Akamas, Liopetri | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Ellisolandia elongata (J. Ellis et Solander) K. Hind et G.W. Saunders = Corallina elongata Ellis et Solander | Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia, Liopetri, Varosha | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Erythrocystis montagnei (Derbès et Solier) P.C. Silva | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Erythrotrichia carnea (Dillwyn) J. Agardh | Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Erythrotrichia reflexa (P.L. Crouan et H.M. Crouan) Thuret ex De Toni | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Erythrotrichia rosea P.J.L. Dangeard nom. inval. | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Eupogodon planus (C. Agardh) Kützing | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Ganonema farinosum (J.V. Lamouroux) K.C. Fan et Yung C. Wang | Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
= Liagora farinosa J.V. Lamouroux | ||
Gastroclonium clavatum(Roth) Ardissone | Liopetri | |
Gastroclonium reflexum (Chauvin) Kützing | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
cGayliella mazoyerae T.O. Cho, Fredericq et Hommersand | Akamas, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Gelidiella lubrica (Kützing) Feldmann et G. Hamel | Liopetri, Zenobia | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Gelidiella nigrescens (J. Feldmann) Feldmann et G. Hamel | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Gelidiella ramellosa (Kützing) J. Feldmann et G. Hamel | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Gelidium corneum (Hudson) J.V. Lamouroux | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Gelidium pusillum (Stackhouse) Le Jolis | Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000 |
Gelidum serra(S.G. Gmelin) E. TaşkınetW.J. Wynne | Cavo Greco | |
Gelidium spathulatum (Kützing) Bornet | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Griffithsia schousboei Montagne | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Gymnogongrus griffithsiae (Turner) Martius | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Halopithys incurva (Hudson) Batters | Akamas, Karpasia | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Halymenia floresii (Clemente) C. Agardh | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
Halymenia latifolia P.L. Crouan et H.M. Crouan ex Kützing | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Haraldiophyllum bonnemaisonii (Kylin) A.D. Zinova | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Herposiphonia secunda (C. Agardh) Ambronn | Akamas, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Herposiphonia tenella (C. Agardh) Ambronn | Liopetri | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Heterosiphonia crispella (C. Agardh) M.J. Wynne = Heterosiphonia wurdemannii (J. Bailey ex Harvey) Falkenberg | Akamas, Famagusta, Karpasia | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Hydrolithon cruciatum (Bressan) Y.M. Chamberlain | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Hydrolithon farinosum (J.V. Lamouroux) D. Penrose et Y.M. Chamberlain var. farinosum | Akamas, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
= Fosliella farinosa (J.V. Lamouroux) M.A. Howe | ||
Hydrolithon farinosum var. chalicodictyum (W.R. Taylor) D. Serio | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
= Fosliella farinosa var. chalicodictya W.R. Taylor | ||
Hypnea musciformis (Wulfen) J.V. Lamouroux | Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Argyrou 2000, Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
aHypnea spinella(C. Agardh) Kützing | Liopetri | |
Hypoglossum hypoglossoides (Stackhouse) F.S. Collins et Hervey | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Irvinea boergesenii (J. Feldmann) R.J. Wilkes, L.M. McIvor et Guiry | Cavo Greco | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Jania adhaerens J.V. Lamouroux | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
Jania longifurca Zanardini | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Jania rubens (Linnaeus) J.V. Lamouroux | Akamas, Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia, Liopetri, Varosha | Russo 1997, Cirik et al. 2000, Stavrou and Orfanidis 2012, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Jania squamata (Linnaeus) J.H. Kim, Guiry et H.-G. Choi | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
= Haliptilon squamatum (Linnaeus) Johansen, L. Irvine et Webster | ||
Jania virgata (Zanardini) Montagne | Cavo Greco, Liopetri | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
= Haliptilon attenuatum (Kützing) Garbary et H.W. Johansen | ||
Laurencia microcladia Kützing = Laurencia obtusa var. gracilis (C. Agardh) Zanardini | Akamas, Karpasia, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
dLaurencia minuta Vandermeulen, Garbary et Guiry ssp. scammaccae G. Furnari et Cormaci | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Laurencia obtusa (Hudson) J.V. Lamouroux | Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Russo 1997, Argyrou 2000, Cirik et al. 2000, Stavrou and Orfanidis 2012, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Laurencia pyramidalis Bory de Saint-Vincent ex Kützing | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Lejolisia mediterraneaBornet | Liopetri | |
Liagora viscida (Forsskål) C. Agardh | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
Lithophyllum corallinae (P.L. Crouan et H.M. Crouan) Heydrich | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Lithophyllum cystoseirae (Hauck) Heydrich | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
= Titanoderma cystoseirae (Hauck) Woelkerling, Y.M. Chamberlain et P.C. Silva | ||
Lithophyllum incrustans R.A. Philippi | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
Lithophyllum pustulatum (J.V. Lamouroux) Foslie | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
= Titanoderma pustulatum (J.V. Lamouroux) Nägeli | ||
Lithophyllum stictaeforme (J.E. Areschoug) Hauck | Akamas | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Lithothamnion corallioides(P.L. CrouanetH.M. Crouan) P.L. CrouanetH.M. Crouan | Akamas | |
Lithothamnion philippii Foslie | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Lomentaria chylocladiella Funk | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Lomentaria clavellosa (Lightfoot ex Turner) Gaillon | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
aLophocladia lallemandii (Montagne) F. Schmitz | Akamas | Cirik et al. 2000 |
Lophosiphonia cristata Falkenberg | Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Lophosiphonia obscura (C. Agardh) Falkenberg | Famagusta, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Lophosiphonia reptabunda (Suhr) Kylin | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
Melobesia membranacea (Esper) J.V. Lamouroux | Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Meredithia microphylla (J. Agardh) J. Agardh | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Mesophyllum lichenoides (J. Ellis) Me. Lemoine | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Neogoniolithon brassica-florida (Harvey) Setchell et L.R. Mason | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Neogoniolithon mamillosum (Hauck) Setchell et L.R. Mason | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Neosiphonia elongella (Harvey) M.S. Kim et I.K. Lee | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Neosiphonia sphaerocarpa (Børgesen) M.S. Kim et I.K. Lee | Katsanevakis et al. 2009 | |
Neurocaulon foliosum(Meneghini) Zanardini | Akamas | |
Nitophyllum punctatum (Stackhouse) Greville | Famagusta, Karpasia | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Osmundaria volubilis (Linnaeus) R.E. Norris | Akamas | Cirik et al. 2000 |
= Vidalia volubilis (Linnaeus) J. Agardh | ||
Osmundea pinnatifida(Hudson) Stackhouse | Akamas | |
Palisada perforata (Bory de Saint-Vincent) K.W. Nam = Laurencia papillosa (C. Agardh) Greville | Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Russo 1997, Argyrou 2000, Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Palisada thuyoides (Kützing) Cassano, Sentíes, Gil-Rodríguez et M.T. Fujii | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
= Laurencia paniculata (C. Agardh) J. Agardh nom. illeg. | ||
Parviphycus pannosus (Feldmann) G. Furnari | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Peyssonnelia bornetii Boudouresque et Denizot | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
Peyssonnelia rosa-marina Boudouresque et Denizot | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Peyssonnelia rubra (Greville) J. Agardh | Cavo Greco | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Peyssonnelia squamaria (S.G. Gmelin) Decaisne | Akamas, Karpasia | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Peyssonnelia stoechas Boudouresque et Denizot | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Platoma cyclocolpum (Montagne) F. Schmitz | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
Pleonosporium borreri (Smith) Nägeli | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
Pneophyllum fragile Kützing | Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Polysiphonia atlantica Kapraun et J.N. Norris | Taşkın et al. 2008, 2013 | |
Polysiphonia atra Zanardini | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Polysiphonia breviarticulata (C. Agardh) Zanardini | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Polysiphonia denudata (Dillwyn) Greville ex Harvey | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
= Polysiphonia variegata (C. Agardh) Zanardini | ||
Polysiphonia deusta (Roth) Sprengel | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Polysiphonia elongata (Hudson) Sprengel | Famagusta | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Polysiphonia fucoides (Hudson) Greville | Taşkın et al. 2008, 2013 | |
Polysiphonia opaca (C. Agardh) Moris et De Notaris | Akamas, Famagusta, Liopetri | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Polysiphonia scopulorum Harvey | Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000 |
Polysiphonia tenerrima Kützing | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Polysiphoniatripinnata J. Agardh | Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000 |
Porphyra umbilicalis Kützing | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Pterocladiella capillacea (S.G. Gmelin) Santelices et Hommersand | Famagusta, Kyrenia | Cirik et al. 2000 |
= Pterocladia capillacea (Gmelin) Bornet | ||
Pterocladiella melanoidea (Schousboe ex Bornet) Santelices et Hommersand | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
= Gelidium melanoideum Schousboe ex Bornet | ||
Ptilothamnion pluma (Dillwyn) Thuret | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Pyropia leucosticta (Thuret) Neefus et J. Brodie | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Radicilingua thysanorhizans (Holmes) Papenfuss | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
Rodriguezella strafforelloi F. Schmitz ex J.J. Rodriguez var. crassicaulis Ercegovič | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
Rytiphlaea tinctoria (Clemente) C. Agardh | Akamas, Karpasia, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Sahlingia subintegra (Rosenvinge) Kornmann | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Seirospora giraudyi (Kützing) De Toni | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
Spermothamnion flabellatum Bornet | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
Spermothamnion repens (Dillwyn) Rosenvinge | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Sphondylothamnion multifidum(Hudson) Nägeli | Akamas | |
Spongites fruticulosusKützing | Cavo Greco, Zenobia | |
Spyridia filamentosa (Wulfen) Harvey | Famagusta, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Stylonema alsidii (Zanardini) K.M. Drew | Famagusta, Karpasia, Kyrenia, Liopetri | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Stylonema cornu-cervi Reinsch | Famagusta, Liopetri | Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Taenioma nanum (Kützing) Papenfuss | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Tenarea tortuosa (Esper) Me. Lemoine | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
= Tenarea undulosa Bory | ||
Titanoderma trochanter (Bory de Saint-Vincent) Benhissoune, Boudouresque, Perret-Boudouresque et Verlaque | Taşkın et al. 2013 | |
Tricleocarpa cylindrica (J. Ellis et Solander) Huisman et Borowitzka | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
= Galaxaura cylindrica (J. Ellis et Solander) J.V. Lamouroux | ||
Tricleocarpa fragilis (Linnaeus) Huisman et R.A. Townsend | Cirik et al. 2000 | |
= Galaxaura oblongata (J. Ellis et Solander) J.V. Lamouroux | ||
aWomersleyella setacea (Hollenberg) R.E. Norris | Taşkın et al. 2008, 2013 | |
Wrangelia penicillata (C. Agardh) C. Agardh | Cavo Greco | Cirik et al. 2000, Taşkın et al. 2013 |
Wurdemannia miniata(Sprengel) FeldmannetG. Hamel | Liopetri |
Frequently used synonyms in previous publications are also given. New records for Cyprus are given in bold; alien taxa are marked with a;
bReported by Taşkın et al. (2013) as Bangia atropurpurea (Mertens ex Roth) C. Agardh. It should be noted that Müller et al. (2003: 217) propose that B. atropurpurea should be re-recognized as a distinct species, separate from Bangia populations found in the marine environment, with the latter still recognized as B. fuscopurpurea until their complex relationships can be resolved (Guiry and Guiry 2014).
cThis includes also previously published records of Ceramium flaccidum (Kützing) Ardissone from Cyprus (Cirik et al. 2000), as Mediterranean records of the latter species have to be considered a misidentification of G. mazoyerae (Cho et al. 2008).
dReported by Taşkın et al. (2013) as Laurencia minuta Vandermeulen, Garbary et Guiry.
Taxa pending confirmation of their presence
Aglaothamnion pseudobyssoides (P.L. Crouan et H.M. Crouan) Halos
The single record by Taşkın et al. (2013), which lacks description or illustration, should be confirmed as this species is not known to occur elsewhere in the Mediterranean Sea.
Botryocladia skottsbergii (Børgesen) Levring
In the absence of a detailed description, the single record by Taşkın et al. (2013) should be confirmed, as this species is not known to occur in the Mediterranean Sea.
Centroceras clavulatum (C. Agardh) Montagne
According to Won et al. (2009), Mediterranean records of Centroceras clavulatum are misidentifications of Centroceras gasparrinii (Meneghini) Kützing and/or Centroceras micracanthum Kützing, while Centroceras clavulatum is restricted to the Pacific Ocean. Consequently, the Cypriot records of Centroceras clavulatum by Cirik et al. (2000) and Taşkın et al. (2013) most probably belong to another taxon and require re-examination.
Ceramium cupulatum Womersley
This species does not occur in the Mediterranean Sea and the single record by Taşkın et al. (2013) from Cyprus should be confirmed as neither description nor illustration was provided.
Cladophora patentiramea (Montagne) Kützing
This green alga was reported by Argyrou (2000) from southern Cyprus based on a doubtful identification. However, according to Hoek et al. (2000) Cladophora patentiramea could represent calm-water plants of Cladophora coelothrix, while according to Kraft (2007: 85) C. patentiramea should belong to a highly variable species complex with imprecise taxonomic distinctions.
Codium tomentosum Stackhouse
This species does not seem to occur in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea (Furnari et al. 1999), and we agree with Athanasiadis (1987) that numerous records of Codium tomentosum are probably misidentifications of Codium vermilara (Olivi) Delle Chiaje. Therefore, the single Cypriot record by Cirik et al. (2000) should be treated as debatable, pending new documented records.
Colpomenia peregrina Sauvageau
A small thallus was encountered during our samplings at the upper rocky sublittoral zone in Cavo Greco in 2012. Owing to the lack of reproductive structures we prefer to cite our specimen with reservations.
Gayliella taylorii (E.Y. Dawson) T.O. Cho et S.M. Boo
Taking into account the revision of the newly erected genus Gayliella T. O. Cho, L. McIvor et S. M. Boo (Cho et al. 2008), the single Cypriot record by Cirik et al. (2000); as Ceramium taylorii E.Y. Dawson) should be re-examined.
Polysiphonia kampsaxii Børgesen
The single record by Cirik et al. (2000) should be confirmed as the occurrence of this species in the Mediterranean is doubtful (Gómez Garreta et al. 2001).
Ulva lactuca Linnaeus
Despite numerous Mediterranean records, including the Cypriot ones (Russo 1997, Taşkın et al. 2013), its occurrence in the Mediterranean Sea needs to be confirmed (Gallardo et al. 1993). It should be noted that the molecular identity of the holotype does not match that of N. European specimens that have since been assigned to this binomial (Butler 2007). Molecular analyses by Wolf et al. (2012) mention that old specimens from the Adriatic Sea should be assigned to Ulva rigida.
Taxa excludenda
Anadyomene rhizoidifera A.B. Joly et S. Pereira
In the absence of description and illustrations, the record by Cirik et al. (2000) should be excluded from the Cypriot flora, as this species does not occur elsewhere in the Mediterranean Sea.
Griffithsia devoniensis Harvey
The single record by Cirik et al. (2000) should be excluded as the occurrence of this North Atlantic species in the Mediterranean Sea is rather doubtful (Gómez Garreta et al. 2001).
Uronema confervicola Lagerheim
Reported by Cirik et al. (2000), this freshwater green alga should be excluded from the marine flora of Cyprus.
Taxa inquirenda
Caulerpa racemosa var. turbinata (J. Agardh) Eubank – uvifera (C. Agardh) J. Agardh
Caulerpa racemosa var. turbinata (J. Agardh) Eubank is currently considered as a synonym of Caulerpa chemnitzia (Esper) J.V. Lamouroux, while C. racemosa var. uvifera (C. Agardh) J. Agardh is currently considered as a synonym of C. racemosa (Forsskål) J. Agardh (Belton et al. 2014). Thus, we state that the taxon C. racemosa var. turbinata (J. Agardh) Eubank – uvifera (C. Agardh) J. Agardh, reported from Cyprus by Verlaque et al. (2000), should be considered as taxoninquirendum.
Laurencia obtusa var. laxa (Turner) Ardissone and Laurencia papillosa var. subsecunda Kützing
Both reported by Cirik et al. (2000) but without description and illustrations, are both uncertain records, while their taxonomic identity should be clarified.
Alien species
In total, nine marine benthic algae of Cyprus are currently considered as alien species, including three green algae, one brown alga, and five red algae (Table 1). Among them, Hypnea spinella is reported for the first time from Cyprus.
Conclusions
Cirik et al. (2000) reported 135 taxa of marine seaweeds at specific and infraspecific level from Cyprus northern coasts. Later on, Taşkın et al. (2013) cited 242 seaweeds, again from the northern coasts of Cyprus. The 30 new taxa reported in the present study, combined with the aggregation and revision of all literature records concerning the seaweeds of Cyprus as a whole, raise the total number of Cyprus seaweeds recorded to 313 taxa (53 green, 90 brown, and 170 red algae). Still, there is no doubt that this number is an underestimate, as most parts of the island and particularly the deeper parts of the euphotic benthos remain totally unexplored. Also, nothing is known about fungal, oomycete, and other eukaryotic pathogens of seaweeds in Cyprus waters, despite their likely considerable ecological impact – a recent survey in the Aegean Sea (the area closest to Cyprus where such work has been conducted) has resulted in records of Eurychasma dicksonii (E.P. Wright) Magnus, Anisolpidium sphacellarum (Kny) Karling and Anisolpidium ectocarpii Karling in a region previously totally unexplored in this respect (Strittmatter et al. 2013). Therefore, additional surveys are crucial for further exploration of the marine benthic flora of Cyprus.
Acknowledgments
We are grateful to Paraskevi Louizidou and Savvas Michailides for sampling assistance and to Konstantina Kafa for producing the map of Cyprus with the sampling localities. We are also indebted to the Total Foundation (Paris) for its support to this study. We also wish to thank Erol Adalıer and the Deep Dive Diving Center for sampling assistance. Special thanks are due to Kate Clerides for providing support to this consortium of marine scientists and phycologists, enabling them to conduct and publish this study.
References
Argyrou, M. 2000. The “Cladophora” phenomenon in the coastal waters of Cyprus. In: (United Nations Environment Programme, ed.) Proceedings of the First Mediterranean Symposium on Marine Vegetation. Regional Activity Centre for Specially Protected Areas, Ajaccio, France. pp. 69–73.Search in Google Scholar
Argyrou, M., A. Demetropoulos and M. Hadjichristophorou. 1999. Expansion of the macroalga Caulerpa racemosa and changes in soft bottom macrofaunal assemblages in Moni bay, Cyprus. Oceanologica Acta 22: 517–528.Search in Google Scholar
Argyrou, M., J.T. Bayle, C. Rais, A.A. Ramos-Espla, P. Sanchez-Jerez and C. Valle. 2003. Marine vegetation assemblages and benthic bionomy in Cyprus. In: (United Nations Environment Programme, ed.) Proceedings of the Second Mediterranean Symposium on Marine Vegetation. Regional Activity Centre for Specially Protected Areas, Athens, Greece. pp. 229.Search in Google Scholar
Athanasiadis, A. 1987. A survey of the seaweeds of the Aegean Sea with taxonomic studies on species of the tribe Antithamnieae (Rhodophyta). PhD Thesis. University of Göteborg, Sweden. pp. 174.Search in Google Scholar
Belton, G.S., W.F. Prud’homme van Reine, J.M. Huisman, S.G.A. Draisma and C.F.D. Gurge. 2014. Resolving phenotypic plasticity and species designation in the morphologically challenging Caulerpa racemosa-peltata complex (Chlorophyta, Caulerpaceae). J. Phycol. 50: 32–54.10.1111/jpy.12132Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Butler, D. 2007. Ancient algal mixup sorted. Nat. News, doi:10.1038/news.2007.396.10.1038/news.2007.396Search in Google Scholar
Cho, T.O., S.M. Boo, M.H. Hommersand, C.A. Maggs, L.J. McIvor and S. Fredericq. 2008. Gayliella gen. nov. in the tribe Ceramieae (Ceramiaceae, Rhodophyta) based on molecular and morphological evidence. J. Phycol. 44: 721–738.Search in Google Scholar
Çiçek B.A., O. Kurt, E. Taşkın and M. Öztürk. 2013. First report of Caulerpa taxifolia var. distichophylla (Sonder) Verlaque, Huisman and Procaccini (Caulerpaceae, Chlorophyta) from Northern Cyprus. In: (CIESM Ed.), Proceedings of the 40thCIESM Congress. Marseille, France (in press).Search in Google Scholar
Cirik S., V. Aysel, H.A. Benli, B. Cihangir and A. Ünlüoglu. 2000. Preliminary studies on the marine vegetation of northern Cyprus. TrJFAS 6: 31–40.Search in Google Scholar
Den Hartog, C. 1972. Range extension of Halophila stipulacea (Hydrocharitaceae) in the Mediterranean. Blumea 20: 154.Search in Google Scholar
Furnari, G., M. Cormaci and D. Serio. 1999. Catalogue of the benthic marine macroalgae of the Italian coast of the Adriatic Sea. Bocconea12: 1–214.Search in Google Scholar
Gallardo, T., A. Gómez Garreta, M.A. Ribera, M. Cormaci, G. Furnari, G. Giaccone and C.F. Boudouresque. 1993. Check-list of Mediterranean Seaweeds, II. Chlorophyceae Wille s.l. Bot. Mar.36: 399–421.Search in Google Scholar
Gómez Garreta, A., T. Gallardo, M.A. Ribera, M. Cormaci, G. Furnari, G. Giaccone and C.F. Boudouresque. 2001. Check-list of Mediterranean Seaweed. III. Rhodophyceae Rabenh. 1. Ceramiales Oltm. Bot. Mar. 44: 425–460.10.1515/BOT.2001.051Search in Google Scholar
Guiry, M.D. and G.M. Guiry. 2014. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org; searched on 5 March 2014.Search in Google Scholar
Hadjichristophorou, M., M. Argyrou, A. Demetropoulos and T.S. Bianchi. 1997. A species list of the sublittoral soft-bottom macrobenthos of Cyprus. Acta Adriat. 38: 3–32.Search in Google Scholar
Hoek, C., M. van den and M. Chihara. 2000. A taxonomic revision of the species of Cladophora (Chlorophyta) along the coasts of Japan and the Russian Far-east. Nat. Sci. Mus. [Tokyo] Monogr.19: 1–242.Search in Google Scholar
Katsanevakis, S., K. Tsiamis, G. Ioannou, N. Michailidis and A. Zenetos. 2009. Inventory of alien marine species of Cyprus. Mediterranean Marine Science 10: 109–133.10.12681/mms.113Search in Google Scholar
Kraft, G.T. 2007. Algae of Australia. Marine benthic algae of Lord Howe Island and the southern Great Barrier Reef, 1. Green algae. Australian Biological Resources Study and CSIRO Publishing: Canberra and Melbourne, pp. 347.Search in Google Scholar
Lipkin, Y. 1975. Halophila stipulacea in Cyprus and Rhodes, 1967–1970. Aquat. Bot. 1: 309–320.Search in Google Scholar
Müller, K.M., K.M. Cole and R.G. Sheath. 2003. Systematics of Bangia (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) in North America. II. Biogeographical trends in karyology: chromosome numbers and linkage with gene sequence phylogenetic trees. Phycologia42: 209–219.Search in Google Scholar
Prud’homme van Reine, W.F. (1982). A taxonomic revision of the European Sphacelariaceae (Sphacelariales, Phaeophyceae). Leiden Botanical Series 6: [i-x], 1–293, 660 figs, XXI tables, 6 plates.Search in Google Scholar
Russo, A.R. 1997. Epifauna living on sublittoral seaweeds around Cyprus. Hydrobiologia 344: 169–179.10.1023/A:1002970714963Search in Google Scholar
Silva, P.C. 2014. Index Nominum Algarum, University Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley. http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/INA.html, searched on 5 March 2014.Search in Google Scholar
Stavrou, P. and S. Orfanidis S. 2012. Monitoring of macroalgae communities across anthropogenic pressure gradient in Cyprus coasts for Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC). In: (Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, ed.) Proceedings of the 10th Panhellenic Symposium of Oceanography and Fisheries. Athens, Greece, p. 215.Search in Google Scholar
Strittmatter M., D.G. Müller, C.M.M. Gachon, D.G. Müller, J. Kleinteich, S. Heesch, A. Tsirigoti, C. Katsaros, M. Kostopoulou and F.C. Küpper. 2013. Intracellular eukaryotic pathogens in brown algae in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea, including LSU rRNA data for the oomycete Eurychasma dicksonii. Dis. Aquat. Organ. 104: 1–11.Search in Google Scholar
Taşkın, E., M. Öztürk and O. Kurt. 2008. Alien and invasive marine plants of North Cyprus. In: (Çiçek BA, Oniz H, eds.) Proceedings of the 2ndInternational Symposium on Underwater Research. Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, TRN Cyprus, March 2008, pp. 20.Search in Google Scholar
Taşkın, E., O. Kurt, M. Cormaci, G. Furnari and M. Öztürk. 2010. Two brown algae from the eastern Mediterranean Sea: Microcoryne ocellata Strömfelt and Corynophlaea flaccida (C. Agardh) Kützing. Fresen. Environ. Bull. 19: 892–896.Search in Google Scholar
Taşkın E., M. Öztürk, O. Kurt and S. Ulcay. 2013. Benthic marine algae in Northern Cyprus (Eastern Mediterranean Sea). J. Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment19: 143–161.Search in Google Scholar
Verlaque M. and C.F. Boudouresque. 1991. Stypopodium schimperi (Buchinger ex Kützing) Boudouresque et Verlaque comb. nov. (Dictyotales, Fucophyceae), algue de Mer Rouge récemment apparue en Méditerranée. Cryptogamie, Algologie 12: 195–211.Search in Google Scholar
Verlaque M., C.F. Boudouresque, A. Meinesz and V. Gravez. 2000. The Caulerpa racemosa complex (Caulerpales, Ulvophyceae) in the Mediterranean Sea. Bot. Mar. 43: 49–68.Search in Google Scholar
Verlaque M., C. Durand, J.M. Huisman, C.F. Boudouresque and Y. Le Parco. 2003. On the identity and origin of the Mediterranean invasive Caulerpa racemosa (Caulerpales, Chlorophyta). Eur. J. Phycol.38: 325–339.Search in Google Scholar
Wolf, M.A., K. Sciuto, C. Andreoli and I. Moro. 2012. Ulva (Chlorophyta, Ulvales) biodiversity in the North Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean, Italy): cryptic species and new introductions. J. Phycol. 48: 1510–1521.Search in Google Scholar
Won, B.Y., T.O. Cho and S. Fredericq. 2009. Morphological and molecular characterization of species of the genus Centroceras (Ceramiaceae, Ceramiales), including two new species. J. Phycol. 45: 227–250.Search in Google Scholar
©2014 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston