Catalysis for Sustainable Energy

ISSN: 2084-6819

First published: August 9, 2012

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Catalysis for Sustainable Energy will be closed for submissions from January 2021.

Catalysis for Sustainable Energy publishes papers covering all aspects of catalysis relevant for sustainable energy generation, including design of catalysts, their characterization, kinetics and mechanisms of reactions, deactivation/regeneration, design of fuel cells and reactors, estimation of process parameters, their modelling and optimization. Catalysis in fuel cells (PEMC, SOFC), hydrogen energy in general; catalysis in production of syngas, hydrogen and biofuels (biodiesel and green diesel production, upgrading of fats and oils from renewable sources; catalytic upgrading of glycerol; conversion of biomass derived carbohydrates to fuels, catalysis in depolymerization of lignin; catalytic pyrolysis of biomass; catalytic upgrading of bio-oil: biomass gasification in the presence of catalysts; BTL; production of renewable hydrogen; catalytic transformation of CO2 to fuels, as well as other relevant to catalysis for sustainable energy topics will be considered.

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Volume 7 Issue 1

January 2020

Alkali Lignin Catalytic Hydrogenolysis with Biofuel Production

Elena I. Shimanskaya, Esther M. Sulman, Mikhail G. Sulman, Irina Yu. Tiamina March 9, 2020

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Abstract

In this paper synthesized palladium (Pd)-containing catalysts were used in the hydrogenolysis of lignin in the presence of a hydrogen donor solvent, i-propanol, to obtain liquid fuel components. A study of the influence of the catalyst support nature, catalyst preparation method and supercritical solvent nature on the lignin depolymerization was completed. It was found that the use of Pd-containing catalysts results in the formation of aromatic compounds (mainly benzene and toluene) for both supercritical solvents used (i-propanol and CO 2 ). The maximum conversion of lignin (50 %) was achieved when the supercritical i-propanol was used and maximum selectivity to aromatics (over 70 %) was observed in the presence of the Pd-containing catalyst synthesized by hydrothermal deposition on the polymeric matrix of hyper-crosslinked polystyrene.

Solid-Solutions as Supports and Robust Photocatalysts and Electrocatalysts: A Review

Victor Charles, Ikegwuonu P. Ebuka, Ndepana A. Gaya April 6, 2020

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Some solid solutions have been strongly utilized over the years as good materials for the synthesis of electrocatalysts and photoctalysts. Sometimes, they are used as supports in order to improve electrocatalytic and photocatalytic properties. We show various achievements of solid solutions as good electrocatalysts, and also, good electrocatalysts support materials in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Also, we demonstrate various works utilizing solid solutions as good photocatalysts, and good photocatalysts support materials in overall water splitting and carbon dioxide reduction. In all these reports, solid solutions proved to posses the necessary properties needed of any material as electrocatalysts and photocatalysts. In many cases, their use as catalysts supports recorded great improvements. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was largely used to confirm the chemical environment of the results obtained, together with X-ray diffraction (XRD). In the electrochemical methods, cyclic voltammograms (CVA), chronoamperometry and rotating disk electrode (RDE), were also carried out. Linear sweep voltametry (LSV) curve was carried out in some cases to measure the current at a working electrode, and tables were shown for clear explanation. In addition, a photoluminescence spectrum (PL) was used to probe the electronic structure of the various solid solutions.

Hydrogen-Free Deoxygenation of Bio-Oil Model Compounds over Sulfur-Free Polymer Supported Catalysts

Antonina A. Stepacheva, Mariia E. Markova, Yury V. Lugovoy, Kirill V. Chalov, Mikhail G. Sulman, Valentina G. Matveeva, Viktor I. Panfilov, Esther M. Sulman April 27, 2020

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Abstract

Hydrotreatment of bio-oil oxygen compounds allows the final product to be effectively used as a liquid transportation fuel from biomass. Deoxygenation is considered to be one of the most promising ways for bio-oil upgrading. In the current work, we describe a novel approach for the deoxygenation of bio-oil model compounds (anisole, guaiacol) using supercritical fluids as both the solvent and hydrogen-donors. We estimated the possibility of the use of complex solvent consisting of non-polar n-hexane with low critical points (T c = 234.5 ºC, P c = 3.02 MPa) and propanol-2 used as H-donor. The experiments were performed without catalysts and in the presence of noble and transition metals hydrothermally deposited on the polymeric matrix of hypercrosslinked polystyrene (HPS). The experiments showed that the presence of 20 vol. % of propanol-2 in n-hexane results in the highest (up to 99%) conversion of model compounds. When the process was carried out without a catalyst, phenols were found to be a major product yielding up to 95 %. The use of Pd- and Co-containing catalyst yielded 90 % of aromatic compounds (benzene and toluene) while in the presence of Ru and Ni cyclohexane and methylcyclohexane (up to 98 %) were the main products.

A study of fast pyrolysis of plant biomass assisted by the conversion of volatile products using Fe(Co, Ni)/ZSM-5 catalysts

Yu.V. Lugovoy, K.V. Chalov, Yu.Yu. Kosivtsov, A.A. Stepacheva, E.M. Sulman May 26, 2020

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This paper discusses the study of plant waste thermocatalytic conversion. The dependence of the conversion of agricultural waste on the pyrolysis temperature, reaction time and feedstock particle size was determined. The optimal temperature of fast pyrolysis providing the highest yield of gaseous products (over 30 wt. %) for all types of waste plant biomass was found to be 700 ºC. This temperature allows the lowest tar content in gases to be obtained. Further, ZSM-5 synthetic zeolites modified with iron subgroup metals were studied in the conversion of volatile products obtained by the fast pyrolysis of agricultural waste. It was found that the use of zeolite-based catalysts in the upgrading of gaseous products leads to a decrease in tar content and the increase in the volume concentration of С 1 -С 4 hydrocarbons, CO, CO 2 , and hydrogen in comparison with the non-catalytic process.

Hydrogen Production from Catalytic Polyethylene Terephthalate Waste Reforming Reaction, an overview

Walid Nabgan, Bahador Nabgan, Tuan Amran Tuan Abdullah, Norzita Ngadi, Aishah Abdul Jalil, Abu Hassan Nordin, Nur Aien Fatini Abd Latif, Noor Fathiah Haziqah Othman September 11, 2020

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As a sustainable and renewable energy carrier for transition, hydrogen is considered as a key future fuel for the low carbon energy systems. During the past few decades, attention has been given to the conversion of waste materials, including plastics to the production of hydrogen. Studies in this field are of great importance because they resolve numerous problems brought about by plastic waste with other forms of waste. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is one of the major products of plastic waste which constitutes a major threat to environmental conservation efforts and harms living organism. Phenol has been chosen in this study as a solvent for PET to produce hydrogen because of unwanted liquid product in the bio-oil. This research investigates catalytic steam reforming of phenol with dissolved PET for hydrogen production. The aim of this study was the review of a highly active and stable catalyst for hydrogen production from steam reforming waste products. The analysis of product composition indicated that steam reforming of PET-phenol generally produced a high amount of aliphatic branched-chain compounds, together with a moderate amount of cyclic compounds. The reaction conditions also led to the alkylation of phenol by the reforming products from the PET-phenol solution with and without the catalyst. In conclusion, this study explored new ways to use l product derived from waste plastic materials. It provides a promising clean technology, which employed polyethylene terephthalate waste dissolved in phenol (as a solvent) for hydrogen production.

Gasification of Glycerol Over Ni/γ-Al2O3 For Hydrogen Production: Tailoring Catalytic Properties to Control Deactivation

Ahmed Umar, John T.S. Irvine November 6, 2020

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Abstract

The effects of catalyst loading, calcination and reaction temperatures on the structural properties and catalytic behavior of Ni/γ-Al 2 O 3 catalyst system in relation to steam reforming of glycerol and catalyst deactivation were investigated. The results showed that catalyst loading, reaction and calcination temperatures had a profound influence on the structure and catalytic activity in glycerol conversion. Use of high calcination temperature (900-1000 °C) led to phase transformation of the active Ni/Al 2 O 3 to less active spinel specie NiAl 2 O 4 that resulted in a successive change of texture and color. The particle size growth and phase change at this temperature were responsible for the catalyst deactivation and low performance especially among the catalyst calcined at high temperatures. Conversely, at low reaction temperatures, catalyst surfaces were marred by carbon deposition. Whilethe polymeric carbon deposited at metal-support interface was associated with low reaction temperatures, high reaction temperatures were characterized predominantly by both amorphous carbon deposited on the active metal surface and polymeric or graphitic carbon deposited at metal-support interface respectively. Calcination temperature showed no significant influence on the location and type of coke deposited on the catalyst surface. Hence, catalyst loading, calcination and reaction temperatures could be tailored to enhance structural and catalytic properties and guard against catalyst deactivation.

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Editorial

Editor-in-Chief
Vladislav A. Sadykov, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Russia

Journal Editors
Dmitry Yu. Murzin, Åbo Akademi University, Finland
Maria Michela Dell'Anna, Politecnico di Bari, Italy

Editorial Advisory Board
Donato A. G. Aranda, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Asim Bhaumik, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, India
Vicente Cortés Corberán, CSIC (Spanish Council for Scientific Research), Spain
Jean-François Carpentier, CNRS-Université de Rennes, France
James A. Dumesic, University of Wisconsin, USA
Samy El-Shall, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA
Atsushi Fukuoka, Hokkaido University, Japan
Zhenshan Hou, East China University of Science and Technology, China
John T.S. Irvine, University of St Andrews, UK
JaeSung Lee, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), Korea
Angeliki Lemonidou, Aristotle University Thessaloniki, Greece
Valery V. Lunin, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia
Arpad Molnar, University of Szeged, Hungary
Wenjie Shen, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Alevtina Smirnova, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, USA
Stojan Stavber, Jozef Stefan Institute, Slovenia

Assistant Editors
Sofia Khromova, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Russia

Language Editor
Michael Wentzel, Augsburg College, USA

Publisher
DE GRUYTER POLAND
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01-811 Warsaw, Poland
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