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November 28, 2023
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To develop an eco-friendly artificial turf filling for replacing rubber elastomer particles, seven kinds of natural materials (cork, soft oak, champagne bark, oak bark, pine bark, willow bark, and vermiculite) were selected and processed into particles with a dimension of 1–2 mm. The water absorption performance, mold resistance, resilience, compression characteristics, and the repose angle were tested, and the surface microscopic morphology of granular materials was observed. The experimental results showed that the champagne bark had the largest plastic deformation range under pressure load, which was 0.21–7.82 KN. And the champagne bark particles had the best resilience, which was respectively 8.9 % and 7.1 % before and after compression, and its angle of repose was 36.8°, which was 9 % higher than that of the thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) particle. Additionally, champagne bark had better mold resistance compared with the other six natural materials, and its mold only occurred in the mold inoculation center. In conclusion, champagne bark could be considered as an artificial turf filling granule to replace TPE rubber.
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November 24, 2023
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Glucuronoxylans have been considered as an alternative polymer for petroleum polymers in coatings, films, emulsifiers, and other industries. In this study, different molecule weight glucuronoxylans were obtained through xylanase hydrolysis. Dodecenyl succinic anhydride (DDSA) was used as a modifying agent to functionalize glucuronoxylans. At the same degree of substitution (DS), higher molecule weight glucuronoxylans led to better emulsifying properties and emulsion stability. Higher molecule weight DDSA modified glucuronoxylans showed smaller droplets size, lower zeta potential, higher EA (emulsifying activity) and better emulsion stability. These results suggested that molecule weight has positive impact on the emulsifying properties of DDSA modified glucuronoxylans. Furthermore, DS had positive impact on the emulsifying properties of DDSA modified glucuronoxylans.
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November 24, 2023
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The dimensional stabilisation of wood using thermosetting resins relies on the resin uptake into the cell walls. This study tested if a conditioning step after the impregnation and before the final heat-curing enhances the cell wall uptake to improve dimensional stabilisation without increasing the chemical consumption. Small blocks of Scots pine sapwood were vacuum-impregnated with an aqueous melamine formaldehyde solution and conditioned at 33, 70, or 95 % RH for up to 1 week before drying and curing the blocks at 103 °C. However, the conditioning step decreased the cell wall bulking and the moisture exclusion effect compared to the immediate heat curing of the impregnated samples. Analyses of the resin-treated samples by scanning electron microscopy, IR spectroscopy and confocal Raman microspectroscopy provided evidence of wood hydrolysis and polycondensation of the resin within the cell lumen during the conditioning step. Hydrolysis and removal of wood constituents may have counterbalanced the cell wall bulking of the resin. Polycondensation of the resin in the lumen increased its molecule size, which could have hindered the cell wall diffusion of the resin.
