Published since January 1, 1949

HTM Journal of Heat Treatment and Materials

Zeitschrift für Werkstoffe, Wärmebehandlung, Fertigung

ISSN: 2194-1831

Editors-in-chief: Herwig Altena, Olaf Keßler, Marcel A. J. Somers

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About this journal

HTM is a bilingual (German-English) independently assessed and periodical standard publication that provides reports on all aspects of heat treatment and material technology in research and production. By publishing trend-setting contributions to research and practical experience reports, HTM helps in answering scientific questions as well as regarding investment decisions in the industry. All articles are subject to thorough, independent peer review.
HTM is the official organ of AWT – the Association of Heat Treatment and Materials Technology.

Abstracting and Indexing

HTM Journal of Heat Treatment and Materials is covered by the following services:

Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
SCImago (SJR)
SCOPUS
Web of Science - Emerging Sources Citation Index

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Volume 77 Issue 4

August 2022

Publicly Available August 25, 2022

Contents / Inhalt

Page range: 243-243

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Publicly Available August 25, 2022

Chromizing of Additively Manufactured Maraging Steel; Microstructural Evolution and Corrosion Performance

C. V. Funch, K. V. Dahl, T. L. Christiansen, M. A. J. Somers

Page range: 245-268

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Abstract

While maraging steels are excellent candidates for additive manufacturing of high-strength materials, most of them provide little to no corrosion resistance. In this study, the surface of additively manufactured maraging steel is augmented with diffusion-based chromizing. The diffusion of chromium into the surface results in the formation of α-Cr, σ-phase and austenite depending on the chromium content at the respective distance from the surface. The bulk consists of a ductile bcc martensite hardened by precipitation of intermetallics during a low temperature ageing treatment. The σ-case provides a very high hardness, while the austenite phase is rather soft and unaffected by the ageing treatment. The chromizing treatment significantly reduced the corrosion rate of the maraging steel up to a factor of 14. Decomposition of the σ-case into a uniform case of austenite (austenitic stainless steel) further improved the corrosion resistance almost 24 times. This showed the strong potential of the chromizing treatment on a highstrength material to obtain a combination of their beneficial properties.

August 25, 2022

Supersolidus Liquid Phase Sintering and Heat Treatment on Atomic Diffusion Additive Manufacturing Produced Ledeburitic Cold Work Tool Steel*

L. Wieczorek, T. Katzwinkel, M. Blüm, M. Löwer, A. Röttger

Page range: 269-283

Abstract

In this work, the possibility of manufacturing complex-shaped components from a carbon-martensitic hardenable cold-work steel (1.2379; X153CrMoV12; D2) is investigated. For this purpose, cube-shaped samples with an edge length of 10 mm were produced using the fused-filament fabrication process, which were post-compacted after solvent debinding by supersolidus liquid-phase sintering. Using the knowledge of liquid phase volume content as a function of temperature, supersolidus liquid phase sintering experiments were performed. The microstructure formation process was characterized by electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The microstructure and hardness of the processed samples were compared in the heat-treated condition with the properties of the same steel 1.2379 (X153CrMoV12; D2) in the as-cast, deformed and heat-treated condition. The results demonstrate effective post-densificationc close to theoretical density of cold-work tool steel samples fabricated by fused-filamet fabrication using supersolidus liquid-phase sintering at 1280 °C. The defect-free microstructure in the heat-treated state is characterized by a martensitic matrix and eutectic Cr-rich M 7 C 3 and small amounts of V-rich MC carbides. The hardness of the annealed Supersolidus liquid phase sintering samples are 681 ± 5 HV10, which is above the level of the reference material 1.2379 (629 ± 7 HV10) in the as-cast, formed and heat-treated condition.

August 25, 2022

Influence of Different Pre-Heat Treatments on the Grain Size in the Core Region of Ultra-Clean Gear Steels

S. Rommel, D. Fuchs, T. Blum, T. Tobie, K. Stahl

Page range: 284-297

Abstract

In a previous publication, the influence of various process steps during the case-hardening process on the resulting material properties of two distinct batches of ultra-clean gear steels were investigated. The steel batches were case-hardened in the as-delivered condition. However, in the industrial practice it is common that pre-heat treatments are done, such as annealing to a ferritic-pearlitic microstructure, or quenching and tempering, as well as forging as a process if for example larger gears are needed. It is known that the whole heat treatment process route can affect the grain size negatively. Therefore, this publication presents investigations into the effects of preheat treatments on the grain size in the core region of ultra-clean gear steels after case-hardening. The aim is to receive a deeper understanding on how the whole process route influences the grain size in the core region of ultra-clean gear steels.

Open Access August 25, 2022

Plasma Nitriding of an Air-Hardening Medium Manganese Forging Steel

A. Gramlich, M. A. Auger, S. Richter

Page range: 298-315

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Abstract

The impact of plasma nitriding on the microstructure and the hardness of a recently developed 4 wt.-% medium manganese steel are presented. In contrast to standard quench and tempering steels, the investigated material achieves its martensitic microstructure by air-cooling from the forging heat, which enables the reduction of the carbon footprint of the forged components. The influence of nitriding on this grade of steel has not been investigated so far, but fundamental differences in comparison to standard nitriding steels are expected due to the increased manganese concentration. To address this issue, nitriding treatments with different temperatures (350 °C, 580 °C and 650 °C) have been performed, followed by examinations of the microstructure, the phase composition, the obtained hardness profiles and the tensile properties of the bulk material after nitriding, accompanied by thermodynamic equilibrium calculations. It is demonstrated that after nitriding at 580 °C similar hardness profiles like standard nitriding steels are achieved, with a shorter process as austenitization and hardening were omitted, reaching a hardness of approximately 950 HV0.1. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that austenite can be stabilized by manganese and nitrogen partitioning to room temperature during nitriding in the intercritical phase region.

Impressum / Imprint

Publicly Available August 25, 2022

Imprint / Impressum

Page range: A4-A4

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Publicly Available August 25, 2022

Norms / Normen

Page range: 316-316

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From and for Practice / Praxis-Informationen

Publicly Available August 25, 2022

AWT-Info / HTM 04-2022

Page range: A5-A21

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Publicly Available August 25, 2022

HTM Praxis

Page range: A22-A32

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Volume 77 (2022)

Volume 76 (2021)

Volume 75 (2020)

Volume 74 (2019)

Volume 73 (2018)

Volume 72 (2017)

Volume 71 (2016)

Volume 70 (2015)

Volume 69 (2014)

Volume 68 (2013)

Volume 67 (2012)

Volume 66 (2011)

Volume 65 (2010)

Volume 64 (2009)

Volume 63 (2008)

Volume 62 (2007)

Volume 61 (2006)

Volume 60 (2005)

Volume 59 (2004)

Volume 56 (2001)

Volume 54 (1999)

Volume 53 (1998)

Volume 52 (1997)

Volume 51 (1996)

Volume 49 (1994)

Volume 48 (1993)

Volume 47 (1992)

Volume 46 (1991)

Volume 45 (1990)

Volume 44 (1989)

Volume 43 (1988)

Volume 42 (1987)

Volume 41 (1986)

Volume 40 (1985)

Volume 39 (1984)

Volume 38 (1983)

Volume 37 (1982)

Volume 36 (1981)

Volume 35 (1980)

Volume 34 (1979)

Volume 33 (1978)

Volume 32 (1977)

Volume 31 (1976)

Volume 30 (1975)

Volume 29 (1974)

Volume 28 (1973)

Volume 26 (1971)

Volume 24 (1969)

Cite Score	1.9
Journal Citation Indicator	0.21
SCImago Journal Rank	0.330
Source Normalized Impact per Paper	1.007

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Manuscript submission

Thank you for your interest in publishing your technical paper with HTM Journal of Heat Treatment and Materials. You can easily submit your manuscript via the following link: https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/htm

You will be guided through the whole submission process in ScholarOne Manuscripts System.

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Your publication will be independently and carefully peer-reviewed to the highest standard. You will receive individual and personal advice and support throughout the publication process.

Publication in German and English opens up your contribution to a broad, international audience from various fields of materials, manufacturing, and process engineering.

Accepted papers can be published online first as DOI-citable, forward-linked articles for the quickest possible visibility for the scientific community and interested readership.

If you have general questions about HTM, please contact: schicks@iwt-bremen.de or tiedemann@iwt-bremen.de.

General guidelines for authors

Before submitting your article please take note of the Instruction for Authors as well as the Copyright Transfer Agreement.

If you have any general questions, please visit our FAQ page for authors.

Rights of use
Please note: Publication in HTM Journal of Heat Treatment and Materials is exclusive.

If the content of the paper has already been presented orally at a meeting, you should note this with reference to the type, venue and date of the meeting.

The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring that the other named authors agree to the publication as submitted.

Upon acceptance of the manuscript, the publisher acquires rights of use for the duration of the legal protection period.

Hybrid Open Access

In this journal, authors have the option to publish their article under an open access license. Open access allows the authors to retain copyright and share their findings with colleagues and interested parties worldwide without any restraints.

Please note that authors from institutions with which we have a transformative agreement can publish open access without paying an article processing charge (APC) or at considerable discount. More information on the eligible institutions and articles can be found in the “Funding and Support” tab here.

Editorial

Editors in Chief
Prof. Dr. ir. Marcel A. J. Somers (somers@mek.dtu.dk)
Technical University of Denmark

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Olaf Keßler (olaf.kessler@uni-rostock.de)
Universität Rockstock

Dr.-Ing. Herwig Altena (Herwig.Altena@aichelin.com)
Former Aichelin Ges.m.b.H., (Mödling, Austria)

Editorial Office

Herrn Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rainer Fechte-Heinen (fechte@iwt-bremen.de)
IWT Leibniz-Institut für Werkstofforientierte Technologien (IWT) (Bremen, Germany)

Belinda Schicks (schicks@iwt-bremen.de)
Leibniz-Institut für Werkstofforientierte Technologien (IWT) (Bremen, Germany)

Ulla Tiedemann (tiedemann@iwt-bremen.de)
Leibniz-Institut für Werkstofforientierte Technologien (IWT) (Bremen, Germany)

Society contacts
Frau Sonja Müller (s.mueller@awt-online.org)
Managing Director, AWT Arbeitsgemeinschaft Wärmebehandlung und Werkstofftechnik e.V. (AWT)

Dietmar von der Au (Dietmar.vonderAu@degruyter.com)
Ad Sales VONDERAU Medienberatung

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hans-Werner Zoch (zoch@iwt-bremen.de)
Former Managing Director IWT Leibniz-Institut für Werkstofforientierte Technologien (IWT) (Bremen, Germany)

(Deutsch)

Online ISSN: 2194-1831
Print ISSN: 1867-2493
Type: Journal
Language: Multiple languages
Publisher: De Gruyter
First published: January 1, 1949
Publication Frequency: 6 Issues per Year