International Journal of Materials Research

Published by De Gruyter

Volume 106 Issue 7

Issue of International Journal of Materials Research

Contents
Journal Overview

July 9, 2015

Page range: 655-655

Original Contributions

July 9, 2015

Phase transitions induced by severe plastic deformation: steady-state and equifinality

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Boris B. Straumal, Askar R. Kilmametov, Yulia Ivanisenko, Andrei A. Mazilkin, Olga A. Kogtenkova, Lilia Kurmanaeva, Anna Korneva, Pawel Zięba, Brigitte Baretzky

Page range: 657-664

Abstract

During severe plastic deformation (SPD), a steady-state is usually reached after a certain value of strain (i. e. number of passes during equal-channel pressing or number of rotations during high pressure torsion). The structure and properties of a material in a steady state (including composition of phases) do not depend on those in the starting state before SPD. In other words they are equifinal, and the production of lattice defects is in dynamic equilibrium with defect elimination. Moreover, the SPD-treatment at ambient temperature T SP D = 300 K is frequently equivalent to the heat treatment at a certain elevated temperature T eff > 300 K. For example, the composition of phases in Cu–Ni, Co–Cu and Nd–Fe–B-based alloys after high pressure torsion corresponds to the states at 200, 890 and 1 170 °C, respectively, and is rather insensitive to the high pressure torsion rate (between 0.2 and 2 rpm) and pressure (between 3 and 8 GPa).

July 9, 2015

Dynamic precipitation of nickel-based superalloys undergoing severe deformation below the solvus temperature

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Andrzej Nowotnik, Paweł Rokicki, Grażyna Mrówka-Nowotnik, Jan Sieniawski

Page range: 665-675

Abstract

The authors performed uniaxial compression tests of nickel-based superalloys: single crystal CMSX–4, also precipitation hardened; Inconel 718 and X750, at temperatures below the γ′ solvus, in order to study the effect of temperature and strain rate on their flow stress and microstructural development. On the basis of the obtained flow stress values, the activation energy of a high-temperature deformation process was estimated. Microstructural observations of the deformed samples at high temperatures, previously solution heat treated and aged CMSX–4 and Inconel alloys revealed non-uniform deformation effects. Distribution of either molybdenum- or niobium-rich carbides was found to be affected by localized flow within the investigated strain range at relatively low deformation temperatures, 720–850 °C. Microstructural examination of the alloys also showed that shear banding and cavity growth were responsible for the decrease in flow stress and a specimen fracture at larger strains.

July 9, 2015

The influence of ECAP on microstructure evolution of aluminium alloys during in-situ heating in TEM

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Michaela Poková, Mariia Zimina, Miroslav Cieslar

Page range: 676-681

Abstract

Twin-roll casting of aluminium alloys produces sheets with high solid-solution supersaturation. During high tempe-rature processing the solid solution decomposes and cubic α-Al(Mn, Fe)Si precipitates form. Processing by equal channel angular pressing introduces new grain boundaries into the material and shifts the precipitation to lower temperatures. In-situ annealing in a transmission electron microscope enables dynamic observation of recovery, precipitation, particle dissolution and grain growth. However, most of the processes observed by in-situ transmission electron microscopy occur at temperatures that are lower than temperatures estimated from specimens annealed conventionally in a furnace.

July 9, 2015

An investigation into the effect of isothermal annealing on the structure (XRD), microstructure (SEM, TEM) and magnetic properties of amorphous ribbons and bulk amorphous plates

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Marcin Nabiałek, Paweł Pietrusiewicz, Katarzyna Błoch, Michał Szota

Page range: 682-688

Abstract

Test samples of the alloy Fe 61 Co 10 Y 8 W 1 B 20 were fabricated in the form of both amorphous ribbons and bulk amor-phous plates. The structure, microstructure and magnetic properties of samples in the as-quenched state and after annealing were investigated. The aim of the paper is to show the effect of the thermal treatment on the structural changes occurring in the amorphous state. The thermal treatment, performed at well below the crystallisation temperature, did not cause crystallisation. In the investigated amorphous alloys it has been found that, after a specific thermal treatment, structural relaxation occurs in the presence of structural defects, such as quasidislocational dipoles. Also, supporting the microscopy investigations with measurements of the magnetic properties can be extremely beneficial for facilitating description of the real structure and properties of the amorphous alloys; further, this testing combination offers the possibility for designing the optimal application parameters for an alloy.

July 9, 2015

Analysis of the structure (XRD) and microstructure (TEM, SEM, AFM) of bulk amorphous and nanocrystalline alloys based on FeCoB

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Konrad Gruszka, Marcin Nabiałek, Katarzyna Błoch, Simon Walters

Page range: 689-696

Abstract

Control of the formation process of amorphous materials, and the lowering of their internal energy as a result of atomic transition through subsequent potential barriers describing metastable states, represent direct factors in designing the functional properties of these modern materials. This paper presents the results of tests carried out on the group of four alloys: Fe 62- x Co 10 Y 8 Me x B 20 (where: Me = Cr, Be or Cu; x = 0 or 1), obtained by a suction-casting method. The bulk amorphous samples were obtained in the form of plates of thickness 0.5 mm. The structure and microstructure of the investigated plates, in the as-quenched and after-annealing states, were studied using: scanning and transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and X-ray diffractometry. Moreover, for heat-treated samples, Rietveld's analysis was performed. Additionally, the combination of microscopy and X-ray studies allowed for the observation of diffusion effects occurring in the material.

July 9, 2015

Preparation and characterization of silicon nanowires using SEM/FIB and TEM

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Sayanti Banerjee, Uwe Muehle, Markus Löffler, Andre Heinzig, Jens Trommer, Ehrenfried Zschech

Page range: 697-702

Abstract

Due to the electronic and structural properties of silicon, silicon nanowires have a great potential in nanoscale electronic devices and sensors. Silicon nanowires used for reconfigurable field effect transistors are designed, synthesized and characterized after each step in order to ensure excellent electrical and physical properties of the end product and to study various process parameters. In this study, silicon nanowire based reconfigurable field effect transistors are studied as as-grown “forests”, individually, oxidized and after forming Schottky junctions. The analysis is performed using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Focused ion beam based preparation was carried out in the case of samples with Schottky junctions. This paper provides a comprehensive description of sample preparation and characterization of the nanowires.

July 9, 2015

In-situ TEM heating of Ni/Al multilayers

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Jerzy Morgiel, Maciej Szlezynger, Małgorzata Pomorska, Łukasz Maj, Konstanty Marszałek, Ryszard Mania

Page range: 703-710

Abstract

Ni/Al multilayer coatings of period Λ = 110 nm and Λ = 16 nm were deposited using a double target magnetron system. Their microstructure was characterized by means of transmission electron microscopy using thin foils cut out with a focused ion beam. Next, thin foils were subjected to in-situ heating up to 550 °C or 600 °C at a rate of 100 K min –1 . Phase changes were followed with the help of the electron diffraction method. The experiments helped to establish that for the large period ( Λ ∼110 nm) multilayer the reaction starts at 350 °C at Ni/Al internal interfaces through precipitation of the Al 9 Ni 2 phase, which at 500 °C is substituted with NiAl phase. The small period multilayers ( Λ ∼16 nm) subject to heating react at an even lower temperature of 300 °C by direct precipitation of the NiAl phase. The latter reaction seems to start within the whole nickel layer simultaneously.

July 9, 2015

Microstructure and martensitic transformation in Ni₄₈Mn_39.5Sn_12.5–_xSi_x metamagnetic Heusler alloy ribbons

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Wojciech Maziarz, Paweł Czaja, Anna Wójcik, Katarzyna Wańkowicz, Eduard Cesari, Jan Dutkiewicz

Page range: 711-718

Abstract

The paper describes the effect of Si for Sn substitution on microstructure and martensitic transformation in Ni 48 Mn 39.5 Sn 12.5– x Si x ( x = 0, 1, 2) Heusler alloy ribbons. The evolution of phase transformation, structure and microstructural features were examined by means of differential scanning calorimetry, analytical transmission electron microscopy and high resolution electron microscopy. The alloys were induction melted, homogenized and subsequently rapidly solidified on a rotating copper wheel. The ribbons featured a two phase structure composed of the L2 1 parent phase and the martensite phase. Slight changes of the chemical composition in local areas of the studied samples were noticed. Such segregation was introduced by rapid quenching in response to different melting points of each element. This then had an effect on the local changes in the e / a ratio, effectively leading to nucleation of martensitic transformation in the affected areas.

July 9, 2015

Evolution of Fe-rich compounds in a secondary Al–Si–Cu alloy: influence of cooling rate

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Alberto Fabrizi, Giulio Timelli, Stefano Ferraro, Franco Bonollo

Page range: 719-724

Abstract

The influence of cooling rate on the chemical composition and morphological structure of Fe-rich intermetallics in a secondary Al–Si–Cu alloy has been investigated by using several analysis techniques such as optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spec-troscopy and backscattered electron diffraction. Mor-phological, chemical composition and size evolution of α-Al(Fe, Mn, Cr)Si have been observed and characterized under different solidification conditions. By varying the cooling rate, α-Al(Fe, Mn, Cr)Si blocky crystals, as well as chinese-script, branched structures and dendrites form, while coarse β-Al(Fe, Mn)Si needles appear at lower cooling rates.

July 9, 2015

Microstructural evolution and grain refinement in an intermetallic titanium aluminide alloy with a high molybdenum content

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Boryana Rashkova, Krystina Spiradek-Hahn, Manfred Brabetz, Zaoli Zhang, Thomas Schöberl, Helmut Clemens, Svea Mayer

Page range: 725-731

Abstract

As a strong β-stabilizing alloying element, Mo has gained importance for intermetallic β/γ-TiAl alloys. In general, TiAl alloys containing a significant volume fraction of the disordered body-centered cubic β-phase exhibit improved processing characteristics during hot-working. To increase the understanding of the alloying effect of Mo, a model alloy with the chemical composition Ti-44Al-7Mo-0.1B (in at.%) was investigated. In this work, the microstructural evolution after individual heat-treatment steps was studied by means of scanning as well as conventional and in-situ transmission electron microscopy. Additionally, macro-hardness and nanoindentation measurements were conducted to study the change in hardness due to grain refinement and solid-solution hardening. The variation of the observed macro- and nano-hardness corresponds well with the microstructural evolution. The obtained grain refinement effect leads to a significant increase in the macro-hardness, whereas the increase in the average nano-hardness of the individual phases is related to solid-solution hardening.

July 9, 2015

Microstructure and properties of thick nanocomposite TiN/Si₃N₄ coatings on Vanadis 23 HS steel

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Tomasz Moskalewicz, Sławomir Zimowski, Bogdan Wendler, Ivan Progalskiy, Aleksandra Czyrska-Filemonowicz

Page range: 732-740

Abstract

The microstructure and selected micro-mechanical properties of a 13.4 μm thick nanocomposite TiN/Si 3 N 4 coating deposited onto Vanadis 23 HS steel by a new gas pulsed magnetron sputtering technique were investigated. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy were employed to investigate the detailed microstructure of the coating. It was found that the coating exhibited a fully nanocrystalline structure and was composed of two zones: the outer zone with columnar structure and the inner one with equiaxed, fine columnar structure. Both zones consisted mainly of the δ-TiN nanocrystallites with a small amount of α-Si 3 N 4 and β-Si 3 N 4 . In order to increase coating adhesion to the substrate, a graded intermediate layer consisting of three different phases (pure Cr, CrN and Cr 2 N) was applied. The hardness of the as-deposited TiN/Si 3 N 4 coating was equal to 48 GPa, whereas it was equal to 40 GPa after annealing. The coatings exhibited very good adhesion to the underlying steel substrate.

July 9, 2015

Influence of casting procedure on microstructure and properties of Mg alloy–glassy carbon particle composite

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Anita Olszówka-Myalska, Jerzy Myalski, Jacek Chrapoński

Page range: 741-749

Abstract

The article presents the microstructure and properties of a new cast composite material with a magnesium alloy matrix (Zn 0.7 wt.%, Zr 0.06 wt.%, Nd 0.41 wt.%, Gd 0.21 wt.% and Mn 0.03 wt.%) and glassy carbon particles (10 wt.%, granulation 70–100 μm), dedicated to a technical application under dry friction conditions, manufactured under industrial conditions from a particle–metal suspension. Microstructural examination revealed that the pressure die casting method eliminates the microvoids formed in the gravity cast process both in the matrix and at the interface and also that it decreases the effect of Zr and other phases accumulating around the particles. The applied procedure of particle extraction from the composite's matrix, followed by scanning electron microscopy examination with energy dispersive spectroscopy, revealed the influence of Nd and Gd on the microstructure of the particle–matrix interface. The results of the mechanical and tribological properties tests showed that the application of pressure die casting method for the processing of Mg–GCp composite products improved those properties.

July 9, 2015

Microstructural characterization of nanostructured supersonic sprayed Ni–Sn coatings after wear tests at elevated temperature

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Jan Kusinski, Slawomir Kac, Kazimierz Kowalski, Beata Dubiel, Stanislaw Dymek, Aleksandra Czyrska-Filemonowicz, Sergi Dosta, Jean-Pierre Celis, Emmanuel Georgiou, Paolo Matteazzi

Page range: 750-757

Abstract

The paper presents results of the wear behavior, as well as the microstructural (scanning and transmission electron microscopy) and compositional (microanalysis with using energy dispersive and X-ray photon emission spectroscopy) characterization of nanostructured Ni-20Sn (wt.%) coatings, deposited on an Inconel 718 substrate by supersonic cold gas spraying at different spraying parameters. Coatings were examined in the as-deposited state and after testing in a linearly reciprocating sliding wear test at room temperature, 200, 400 and 550 °C. It was found that the Ni–Sn coatings exhibit superior wear resistance compared to benchmark materials. This is attributed to an appropriate balance of soft (Ni) and to hard (Ni 3 Sn – intermetallic) phases and to the nanostructure of the matrix, as well as to the presence of an NiO oxide tribo-layer, as revealed by the microanalysis and electron microscopy.

July 9, 2015

On the wear of TiB_x/TiSi_yC_z coatings deposited on 316L steel

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Agnieszka Twardowska, Jerzy Morgiel, Boguslaw Rajchel

Page range: 758-763

Abstract

Bilayer TiB x /TiSi y C z coatings were formed on AISI 316L steel substrates by dual beam ion beam assisted deposition from TiB x and TiSi y C z targets. Coated and uncoated substrates were subjected to nanoindentation, scratch and friction-wear tests. Scratch and ball-on-disc tests were conducted in non-lubricated sliding, using a diamond pin and 100Cr6 steel ball, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy were used to examine the surfaces of coated samples, before and after tests. To investigate wear mechanisms in the coating–substrate systems, thin foils were prepared from worn areas for transmission electron microscopy observations. TiB x /TiSi y C z coatings proved to be well adherent to steel substrates. The main wear mechanism was of abrasive type. Intensive plastic deformation of steel substrate under critical loads was revealed.

July 9, 2015

3D reconstruction and characterization of carbides in Ni-based high carbon alloy in a FIB-SEM system

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Piotr Bala, Katja Tsyrulin, Heiner Jaksch, Milena Stepien

Page range: 764-770

Abstract

Dual beam focused ion beam scanning electron microscopes (FIB-SEMs) are well suited for characterizing micron and submicron size microstructural features in three dimensions throughout a serial-sectioning experiment. In this article, a FIB-SEM instrument was used to collect morphological, crystallographic, and chemical information for an Ni–Ta–Al–Cr alloy of high carbon content. The alloy has been designed to have excellent tribological properties at elevated temperatures. The morphology, spatial distribution, scale, and degree of interconnection of primary carbides in the Ni–Ta–Al–Cr–C alloy was assessed via serial sectioning in a casting cross-section. The 3D reconstructions showed that the primary carbides and dendrites were forming a dendrite surrounded by primary carbide network over the entire cross-section. Additionally, the morphology and spatial distribution of secondary carbides after heat treatment was determined.

July 9, 2015

Microstructural evolution in deformed duplex stainless steels

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Janusz Ryś, Anna Zielińska-Lipiec

Page range: 771-781

Abstract

The present research is part of a project concerning texture and microstructure evolution upon deformation and annealing in a series of various duplex stainless steels. This article shows a comparison of deformation behavior in two grades of duplex steels subjected to cold-rolling over a wide range of reductions. Both steels under examination showed clear differences in chemical composition and their preliminary treatment included different processes of hot plastic working. Optical microscopy was used to examine changes in morphology and formation of a ferrite–austenite band-like structure upon cold-rolling. Transmission electron microscopy was applied to analyze microstructural evolution and deformation behavior within the ferrite and austenite bands. Additional research included texture measurements for both component phases. Special attention was paid to the ferrite–austenite co-deformation and the structural effects resulting from strain localization at high rolling reductions.

July 9, 2015

Microstructure and interfacial reactions in the bonding zone of explosively welded Zr700 and carbon steel plates

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Henryk Paul, Jerzy Morgiel, Marek Faryna, Mariusz Prażmowski, Magdalena Miszczyk

Page range: 782-792

Abstract

The microstructure of an explosive cladding joint formed between parallel Zr700 alloy and carbon steel plates was examined with the use of scanning and transmission electron microscopes equipped with energy dispersive spectrometry. The study focused on near-the-interface microstructural changes and possible interdiffusion between the plates. At the macro-scale, the interfaces were outlined by a characteristic sharp transition, indicating that there was no mechanical mixing between the welded metals in the solid state. At the micro-scale, the melted zones often showed non-uniform swirl-like areas of a similar contrast. The nano-scale analysis revealed that the melted areas were composed of mixed amorphous and nano-crystalline phases. The bonding was always achieved by way of surface melting of the joined materials, which might be invisible for observation methods other than transmission electron microscopy.

July 9, 2015

Microstructural characterization of second phases in X10CrMoVNb9–1 and 12CrMoWCuVNb steels after long steam exposure time at 550°C

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Kinga Rodak, Adam Hernas, Vlastimil Vodárek

Page range: 793-803

Abstract

Microstructural changes in high alloy (9–12% Cr) creep resistant martensitic X10CrMoVNb9–1 and 12CrMoW · CuVNb steels after 100 000 h of steam exposure at 550°C have been studied using scanning transmission electron microscopy. Precipitates were identified using electron diffraction patterns and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis. After long time exposure, a significant coarsening of M 23 C 6 carbides, and intensive precipitation of the coarse Laves phase were observed. Moreover, in the 12CrMoW · CuVNb steel, a low amount of the modified Z-phase particles was detected. The microstructures of the X10Cr · MoVNb9–1 and 12CrMoWCuVNb steels after 100 000 h of exposure differ in several aspects.

Short Communications

July 9, 2015

Novel multilayer nano-composite protective coatings for metallic medical tools

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Lukasz Major, Juergen M. Lackner, Marcin Kot, Jerzy Morgiel

Page range: 804-809

Abstract

Requirements for tribological protective coatings for medical tools, which would increase their wear and corrosion resistance, are very high. The presented paper deals with novel nano-composite, multilayer protective coatings for tissue interaction elaboration and their diagnosis on metallic substrates. A hybrid pulsed laser deposition system was used for coating deposition. In the presented work, nano-composite Cr/CrN + [Cr/a-C : H implanted by metallic nanocrystals] multilayer coatings were developed for surface protection. The mechanical properties of the coatings were investigated by means of micro-hardness and elasticity modulus measurements. Bio-medical tests were conducted using eukaryotic cells. Microstructural analysis by means of transmission electron microscopy indicated that chromium which was implanted into a-C : H layers reacted with carbon forming chromium carbides.

July 9, 2015

Microstructural changes in Cu-5.8 at.% In alloy caused by high pressure torsion

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Anna Korneva

Page range: 810-812

Abstract

Cu-5.8 at.% In alloy annealed at 380 °C for 400 h was subjected to high pressure torsion deformation at room temperature. Detailed microstructural studies were performed using scanning and transmission electron microscopy as well as X-ray diffraction. High pressure torsion resulted in strong grain refinement of the Cu matrix (to the nm range), while there was no refinement or dissolution of δ-phase (Cu 7 In 3 ). The volume fraction of δ-phase after straining remained almost unchanged, thus indicating its strong stability under high pressure torsion.

July 9, 2015

Electron microscopy investigation of a cast AlSi9Mg aluminum alloy subjected to friction stir processing with overlapping passes

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Mateusz Kopyściański, Marek Stanisław Węglowski, Magdalena Dziadosz, Mateusz Małyszko, Stanisław Dymek

Page range: 813-817

Abstract

The effect on microstructure of overlapping multiple pass friction stir processing (FSP) of an AlSi9Mg cast aluminum alloy was investigated. The microstructure was examined by means of scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The studies show that the multiple pass FSP resulted in the elimination of porosity, the refinement of second phase particles and the decrease of grain size within the processed material surface. Electron back scattering diffraction analysis showed that high angle grain boundaries prevailed in the processed material. However, relatively high dislocation density revealed by transmission electron microscopy indicated that the recrystallization was not completed. The investigation showed that the FSP technique may be successfully used for producing a homogeneous near-surface layer in a cast aluminum alloy.

DGM News

July 9, 2015

DGM News

Page range: 818-820

About this journal

The International Journal of Materials Research (IJMR) publishes original high quality experimental and theoretical papers and reviews on basic and applied research in the field of materials science and engineering, with focus on synthesis, processing, constitution, and properties of all classes of materials. Particular emphasis is placed on microstructural design, phase relations, computational thermodynamics, and kinetics at the nano to macro scale. Contributions may also focus on progress in advanced characterization techniques.
All articles are subject to thorough, independent peer review.

Volume 106 Issue 7

Issue of International Journal of Materials Research

Contents

Phase transitions induced by severe plastic deformation: steady-state and equifinality

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Abstract

Dynamic precipitation of nickel-based superalloys undergoing severe deformation below the solvus temperature

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Abstract

The influence of ECAP on microstructure evolution of aluminium alloys during in-situ heating in TEM

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Abstract

An investigation into the effect of isothermal annealing on the structure (XRD), microstructure (SEM, TEM) and magnetic properties of amorphous ribbons and bulk amorphous plates

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Abstract

Analysis of the structure (XRD) and microstructure (TEM, SEM, AFM) of bulk amorphous and nanocrystalline alloys based on FeCoB

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Abstract

Preparation and characterization of silicon nanowires using SEM/FIB and TEM

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Abstract

In-situ TEM heating of Ni/Al multilayers

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Abstract

Microstructure and martensitic transformation in Ni48Mn39.5Sn12.5–xSix metamagnetic Heusler alloy ribbons

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Abstract

Evolution of Fe-rich compounds in a secondary Al–Si–Cu alloy: influence of cooling rate

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Abstract

Microstructural evolution and grain refinement in an intermetallic titanium aluminide alloy with a high molybdenum content

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Abstract

Microstructure and properties of thick nanocomposite TiN/Si3N4 coatings on Vanadis 23 HS steel

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Abstract

Influence of casting procedure on microstructure and properties of Mg alloy–glassy carbon particle composite

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Abstract

Microstructural characterization of nanostructured supersonic sprayed Ni–Sn coatings after wear tests at elevated temperature

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Abstract

On the wear of TiBx/TiSiyCz coatings deposited on 316L steel

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Abstract

3D reconstruction and characterization of carbides in Ni-based high carbon alloy in a FIB-SEM system

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Abstract

Microstructural evolution in deformed duplex stainless steels

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Abstract

Microstructure and interfacial reactions in the bonding zone of explosively welded Zr700 and carbon steel plates

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Abstract

Microstructural characterization of second phases in X10CrMoVNb9–1 and 12CrMoWCuVNb steels after long steam exposure time at 550°C

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Abstract

Novel multilayer nano-composite protective coatings for metallic medical tools

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Abstract

Microstructural changes in Cu-5.8 at.% In alloy caused by high pressure torsion

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Abstract

Electron microscopy investigation of a cast AlSi9Mg aluminum alloy subjected to friction stir processing with overlapping passes

Paper presented at “XV International Conference on Electron Microscopy”, 15–18 September 2014, Cracow, Poland

Abstract

DGM News

Microstructure and martensitic transformation in Ni₄₈Mn_39.5Sn_12.5–_xSi_x metamagnetic Heusler alloy ribbons

Microstructure and properties of thick nanocomposite TiN/Si₃N₄ coatings on Vanadis 23 HS steel

On the wear of TiB_x/TiSi_yC_z coatings deposited on 316L steel