Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik

Open Access Published by De Gruyter Oldenbourg

Volume 235 Issue 4-5

Issue of Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik

Contents
Journal Overview

Publicly Available March 16, 2016

Masthead

Page range: 349-350

Download PDF

March 16, 2016

Guest Editorial

Bernd Fitzenberger, Nicole Gürtzgen, Friedhelm Pfeiffer

Page range: 352-354

Abhandlungen / Original Papers

March 16, 2016

Intergenerational Transmission of Unemployment – Evidence for German Sons

Miriam Mäder, Regina T. Riphahn, Caroline Schwientek, Steffen Müller

Page range: 355-375

Abstract

This paper studies the association between the unemployment experience of fathers and their sons. Based on German survey data that cover the last decades we find significant positive correlations. Using instrumental variables estimation and the Gottschalk (1996) method we investigate to what extent fathers’ unemployment is causal for offsprings’ employment outcomes. In agreement with most of the small international literature we do not find a positive causal effect for intergenerational unemployment transmission. This outcome is robust to alternative data structures and to tests at the intensive and extensive margin of unemployment.

March 16, 2016

Physical Activity of Adults: A Survey of Correlates, Determinants, and Effects

Charlotte Cabane, Michael Lechner

Page range: 376-402

Abstract

We survey the literature on the link of labour market related outcomes to individual physical activity and sports participation. The first part of the survey is devoted to the individual participation decision and is based on papers from various disciplines. The second part summarises parts of the epidemiological literature on health effects and the economic literature on the labour market effects as well as on the effects on well-being and social capital. Somewhat surprisingly, at least for studies in empirical economics, all the papers seem to agree that individual leisure sports participation and physical activity has positive effects for adults.

March 16, 2016

Youth Unemployment in the OECD: The Role of Institutions

Andreas Sachs, Werner Smolny

Page range: 403-417

Abstract

This paper analyzes the role of labor market institutions for youth unemployment, as contrasted to total unemployment. The empirical results are basically consistent with an insider view of labor market institutions. Labor market institutions tend to protect (older) employees but might harm (young) entrants. Remarkable is especially the significant and very high effect of employment protection for regular jobs on youth unemployment. In addition, the combined effects of powerful unions and a coordinated wage bargaining system are beneficial for older people and detrimental to youth. Finally, the paper identifies a significant link between a demographic as well as an educational factor and both youth and total unemployment.

March 16, 2016

Youth Unemployment After Apprenticeship Training and Individual, Occupation, and Training Employer Characteristics

Thomas Zwick, Jens Mohrenweiser

Page range: 418-432

Abstract

This paper analyses the risk of unemployment, unemployment duration, and the risk of longterm unemployment immediately after apprenticeship graduation. Unemployed apprenticeship graduates constitute a large share of unemployed youth in Germany but unemployment incidence within this group is unequally distributed. Our paper extends previous research in three dimensions. It shows that (i) individual productivity assessment of the training firm, (ii) initial selection into high reputation training firms and occupations, and (iii) adverse selection of employer moving graduates are correlated with unemployment after apprenticeship graduation. The empirical evidence is obtained from the second longitudinal version of the linked employer-employee panel data from the IAB (LIAB). This large data set allows us to calculate the exact unemployment spell length of apprenticeship graduates. In addition, we can include individual, employer, occupation as well as industrial relation characteristics before and after apprenticeship graduation into our list of explanatory variables for unemployment risk. We show in several robustness checks that our results are remarkably stable when we vary the employees included in the sample, the definition of unemployment, and the list of explanatory variables.

March 16, 2016

Career Planning, School Grades, and Transitions: The Last Two Years in a German Lower Track Secondary School

Bernd Fitzenberger, Stefanie Licklederer

Page range: 433-458

Abstract

In Germany, students in lower track secondary schools (LTSS) typically receive intensive career guidance. Nevertheless, the majority of LTSS student graduates does not start an apprenticeship immediately after graduation. This paper analyzes career planning, school grades, and the first transition after graduation for LTSS students in Freiburg during the late 2000s. Only about 10% of LTSS students start an apprenticeship immediately after graduation. About half, typically those with better grades, participate in additional general teaching (AGT) and rather continue schooling after graduation, expecting that this will improve their future career options. The majority of students with poor school grades, especially male students with a migration background, continue with pre-vocational training, even though career guidance was effective in terms of the career planning activities reported by students. Our results suggest that a focus of career guidance on the immediate start of an apprenticeship after graduation may be misplaced for those students continuing in further schooling. Furthermore, such a focus potentially raises hopes for an immediate start of an apprenticeship among the other students, which may later on be frustrated when a student continues with pre-vocational training.

March 16, 2016

Coaching Disadvantaged Young People: Evidence from Firm Level Data

Jens Mohrenweiser, Friedhelm Pfeiffer

Page range: 459-473

Abstract

In Germany, apprenticeship training firms currently face a shrinking number of qualified schoolleavers because of smaller birth cohorts and an increasing proportion of school leavers aiming for higher education. This paper investigates whether a programme that supports firms to train disadvantaged youth can reduce recruiting difficulties in apprentice training firms. Based on unique firm-level data from the metal and electronic industry in Baden-Württemberg from 2010 to 2013, we apply instrumental variable and difference-in-difference estimations and find no significant short-term causal impact of the programme.

Publicly Available March 16, 2016

Are there Long-Term Earnings Scars from Youth Unemployment in Germany?

Joachim Möller, Matthias Umkehrer

Page range: 474-498

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Abstract

We analyze the relationship between early-career unemployment and prime-age earnings with German administrative linked employer-employee data. The careers of more than 720,000 male apprenticeship graduates from the cohorts of 1978 to 1980 are followed over 24 years. On average, early-career unemployment has substantial negative effects on earnings accumulated later in life. An identification strategy based on plant closure of the training firm at the time of graduation suggests that the revealed correlation is not the result of unobserved heterogeneity. Scarring effects also vary considerably across the earnings distribution. Workers with a high earning potential are able to offset adverse consequences of early-career unemployment to a large extent. Workers who are located at the bottom of the prime-age earnings distribution, in contrast, suffer substantial and persistent losses. Our findings imply that a policy with the aim of preventing early-career unemployment would have long-lasting beneficial effects on future earnings.

March 16, 2016

The Association Between Own Unemployment and Violence Victimization Among Female Youths

Michèle Tertilt, Gerard J. van den Berg

Page range: 499-516

Abstract

We estimate the association between the unemployment status of young women and the probability that they are subject to violence, using Swedish population register data covering the period 1999-2008. These data contain the highest-level classification of diagnoses made by medical experts at every individual in-patient and out-patient visit to medical care units, including every contact with a physician. We distinguish between domestic and non-domestic violence. It turns out that unemployed women are significantly more likely to be victimized than employed women with the same individual characteristics. This is mostly reflected in indicators of nondomestic violence and long-run abuse among unemployed female youths.

About this journal

The Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik) is a scientific journal published in Germany since 1863. The journal publishes papers in all fields of economics and applied statistics. A specific focus is on papers combining theory with empirical analyses. Papers providing conclusions for economic policy in Europe are particularly welcome. Nevertheless, distinguished papers dealing exlusively with economic theory, empirical models, or economic history, will not be excluded from consideration.

The editors invite replication studies focusing on the robustness of empirical findings. The section Data Observer presents articles on data sets available for empirical research and institutions providing research data. The journal also publishes special issues, short comments, and book reviews. All freely accessible contributions, including the Data Observer articles, can be found via the website's article search functionality.

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Special Issue on "Advancing Agent-Based Economics"

Guest Editors: Michael Neugart, Technical University of Darmstadt) and Frank Westerhoff, University of Bamberg

Timeline: Submission of full papers January 15, 2024

Further details

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Special Issue on "Central Bank Digital Currency"

Guest Editors: Katrin Assenmacher, European Central Bank and Michael Frenkel, WHU

Timeline: Submission of full papers January 08, 2024

Further details

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Volume 235 Issue 4-5

Issue of Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik

Masthead

Inhalt / Contents

Guest Editorial

Intergenerational Transmission of Unemployment – Evidence for German Sons

Abstract

Physical Activity of Adults: A Survey of Correlates, Determinants, and Effects

Abstract

Youth Unemployment in the OECD: The Role of Institutions

Abstract

Youth Unemployment After Apprenticeship Training and Individual, Occupation, and Training Employer Characteristics

Abstract

Career Planning, School Grades, and Transitions: The Last Two Years in a German Lower Track Secondary School

Abstract

Coaching Disadvantaged Young People: Evidence from Firm Level Data

Abstract

Are there Long-Term Earnings Scars from Youth Unemployment in Germany?

Abstract

The Association Between Own Unemployment and Violence Victimization Among Female Youths

Abstract