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Volume 11 Issue 7

July 2013

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Open Access October 17, 2013

Quantum corrections to ϕ 4 model solutions and applications to Heisenberg chain dynamics

Grzegorz Kwiatkowski, Sergey Leble

Page range: 887-893

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Abstract

The Heisenberg spin chain is considered in ϕ 4 model approximation. Quantum corrections to classical solutions of the one-dimensional ϕ 4 model within the correspondent physics are evaluated with account of rest d-1 dimensions of a d-dimensional theory. A quantization of the model is considered in terms of spacetime functional integral. The generalized zeta-function formalism is used to renormalize and evaluate the functional integral and quantum corrections to energy in a quasiclassical approximation. The results are applied to appropriate conditions of the spin chain model and its dynamics, for which elementary solutions, energy and the quantum corrections are calculated.

Open Access October 17, 2013

Quench dynamics in spin crossover induced by high pressure

Alexander Nesterov, Sergey Ovchinnikov, Grigorii Iaroshenko

Page range: 894-903

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Abstract

In this paper we have analytically and numerically studied the dynamics of spin crossover induced by time-dependent pressure. We show that quasi static pressure, with a slow dependence on time, yields a spin crossover leading to transition from the high spin (HS) quantum system state to the low spin (LS) state. However, quench dynamics under shockwave load are more complicated. The final state of the system depends on the amplitude and pulse velocity, resulting in the mixture of the HS and LS states.

Open Access October 17, 2013

A bi-logistic growth model for conference registration with an early bird deadline

Trevor Fenner, Mark Levene, George Loizou

Page range: 904-909

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Abstract

The recent interest in human dynamics has led researchers to investigate the processes that explain human behaviour within different contexts. Here we are concerned in modelling the human response to a deadline, and in particular we look at the process of conference registration with an early bird deadline. We provide empirical evidence from a six-year conference registration data set that the bi-logistic growth function, with the interpretation as registration with an early bird deadline, can be viewed as a social mechanism.

Open Access October 17, 2013

Fluctuation of gauge field for general nonlinear Fokker-Planck equation and covariant version of Fisher information matrix

Takuya Yamano

Page range: 910-914

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Abstract

We clarify a strong link between general nonlinear Fokker-Planck equations with gauge fields associated with nonequilibrium dynamics and the Fisher information of the system. The notion of Abelian gauge theory for the non-equilibrium Fokker-Planck equation has proposed in the literature, in which the associated curvature represents internal geometry. We present the fluctuation of the gauge field can be decomposed into three parts. We further show that if we define the Fisher information matrix by using a covariant derivative then it gives correlation of the flux components but it is not gauge invariant.

Open Access October 17, 2013

Dynamic multipole polarizabilities of Li and Na atoms interacting with Debye potentials

Sabyasachi Kar, Hua-Wei Li, Zuo-Chun Shen

Page range: 915-922

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Abstract

The effects of Debye potentials on the dynamic multipole polarizabilities of Li and Na atoms are investigated using the symplectic algorithm. Frequency-dependent multipole polarizabilities of Li(2s 2S) and Na(3s 2S) are reported in terms of scaled number density of the plasma electrons for arbitrary plasma temperature.

Open Access October 17, 2013

Complementarity and post-selection in an atomic double-slit interferometer

Bertúlio Lima Bernardo

Page range: 923-927

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Abstract

This paper analyzes, theoretically, an atomic double-slit interferometer in order to probe the extent to which complementary properties affect quantum interference. It is shown that if the energy eigenstates of a two-level atom are one-to-one correlated with its particle and wave behaviors, complementary phenomena can be measured simultaneously, indicating a reinterpretation of the complementarity principle. We also demonstrate that these complementary properties can be further distinguished by using a post-selection process.

Open Access October 17, 2013

ESR and XRD investigation of effects induced by gamma radiation on PVA-TiO2 membranes

Mihai Todica, Traian Stefan, Diana Trandafir, Simion Simon

Page range: 928-935

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Abstract

The effects of gamma radiation on the local structure of PVA membranes containing TiO2 were investigated by ESR and XRD methods. An intense ESR signal is observed after irradiation at 16 KGy dose. This signal appears only for irradiated samples and it is associated with the breaking of the polymeric chain, followed by local reorganization of the polymeric segments and the apparition of the unpaired electrons and free radicals. The intensity of the signal decreases with the concentration of TiO2, indicating a shielding effect of the dopand. That the modification of local order of the polymeric chains has been modified after irradiation is confirmed by XRD method.

Open Access October 17, 2013

A pure geometric approach to stellar structure

Mamdouh Wanas, Samah Ammar

Page range: 936-948

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Abstract

The present work represents a step in dealing with stellar structure using a pure geometric approach. Geometric field theory is used to construct a model for a spherically symmetric configuration. In this case, two solutions have been obtained for the field equations. The first represents an interior solution which may be considered as a pure geometric one in the sense that the tensor describing the material distributions is not a phenomenological object, but a part of the geometric structure used. A general equation of state for a perfect fluid, is obtained from, and not imposed on, the model. The second solution gives rise to Schwarzschild exterior field in its isotropic form. The two solutions are matched, at a certain boundary, to evaluate the constants of integration. The interior solution obtained shows that there are different zones characterizing the configuration: a central radiation dominant zone, a probable convection zone as a physical interpretation of the singularity of the model, and a corona like zone. The model may represent a type of main sequence stars. The present work shows that Einstein’s geometerization scheme can be extended to gain more physical information within material distribution, with some advantages.

Open Access October 17, 2013

Interacting generalized ghost dark energy in a non-flat universe

Esmaeil Ebrahimi, Ahmad Sheykhi, Hamzeh Alavirad

Page range: 949-960

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Abstract

We investigate the generalized Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) ghost model of dark energy in the framework of Einstein gravity. First, we study the non-interacting generalized ghost dark energy in a flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) background. We obtain the equation of state parameter, w D = p/ρ, the deceleration parameter, and the evolution equation of the generalized ghost dark energy. We find that, in this case, w D cannot cross the phantom line (w D > −1) and eventually the universe approaches a de-Sitter phase of expansion (w D → −1). Then, we extend the study to the interacting ghost dark energy in both a flat and non-flat FRW universe. We find that the equation of state parameter of the interacting generalized ghost dark energy can cross the phantom line (w D < −1) provided the parameters of the model are chosen suitably. Finally, we constrain the model parameters by using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method and a combined dataset of SNIa, CMB, BAO and X-ray gas mass fraction.

Open Access October 17, 2013

Gödel-type spacetimes in f(R)-gravity

Mustafa Saltı, Murat Korunur, İrfan Açıkgöz

Page range: 961-967

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Abstract

We focus on one of the famous problems in theoretical physics today: the problem of energy-momentum localization. Although many authors have endeavoured to solve this problem, it has remained unsolved until now. In this work, we consider the generalized version of the Landau-Lifshitz definition in f(R)-Gravity to discuss the energy-momentum localization problem in Gödel-type metrics. We also take into account five popular f(R) models to obtain specific results.

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Open Physics is a peer-reviewed, open access, electronic journal devoted to the publication of fundamental research results in all fields of physics. The journal provides the readers with free, instant, and permanent access to all content worldwide; and the authors with extensive promotion of published articles, long-time preservation, no space constraints and immediate publication.
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Astrophysics,
Atomic and Molecular Physics,
Biological and Medical Physics,
Complex Networks, Socio- and Econophysics,
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Condensed Matter Physics,
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Statistical and Nonlinear Physics,
Surface Physics,
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