Open Access Published by De Gruyter Open Access

Volume 5 Issue 2

June 2007

Issue of Open Physics

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Journal Overview

Open Access February 2, 2007

Exactly solvable problems of quantum mechanics and their spectrum generating algebras: A review

Constantin Rasinariu, Jeffry Mallow, Asim Gangopadhyaya

Page range: 111-134

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Abstract

In this review, we summarize the progress that has been made in connecting supersymmetry and spectrum generating algebras through the property of shape invariance. This monograph is designed to be used by our fellow researchers, by other interested physicists, and by students at the graduate and even undergraduate levels who would like a brief introduction to the field.

Open Access February 12, 2007

Dynamic effects in iron phthalocyanine-like compounds

Arũnas Amulevičius, Kęstutis Mažeika, Vidmantas Remeikis, Algimantas Undzėnas

Page range: 135-150

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Abstract

57Fe isotope-enriched iron phthalocyanine has been synthesized and studied by the Mössbauer spectroscopic method. The samples were investigated in the temperature range 100–350 K. Some peculiarities in atomic and molecular electronic structure fluctuations were observed. The intermediate Fe oxidation states are observed and it has been found that the rate of charge redistribution is temperature-dependent. The correlation between the temperature behavior of the isomeric shift and quadrupole splitting has been demonstrated. At elevated temperatures above 300 K, the Fe2+ oxidation number is quasistable. The alteration of Fe oxidation number is associated with fluctuations of electron charges, and the electron-accepting and electron-donating properties of surrounding ligands. The energy barriers separating Fe oxidation states have been determined. The possibility of modeling Mössbauer spectra of electron-transfer systems has been shown.

Open Access February 12, 2007

Quantization of gauge fields through fibre bundle multiconnectivity

Ouassim Khalifa, Claude Gauthier

Page range: 151-164

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Abstract

A geometric model for the quantum nature of interaction fields is proposed. We utilize a trivial fibre bundle whose typical fibre has a multiconnectivity characterized by a discrete group Γ. By seeing Γ as a gauge group with global action on each fibre, we show that the corresponding field strength is non-zero only on the future part of the light cone whose vertex is at the interaction point. When the interaction is submitted to the symmetries of a Lie group G, we consider the gauge group G x Γ. The field strength of the gauge having this group includes a term expressing the quantization of the interaction field described by G. This geometric interpretation of quantization makes use of topological arguments similar to those applied to explain the Aharonov-Bohm effect. Two examples show how this interpretation applies to the cases of electromagnetic and gravitational fields.

Open Access June 1, 2007

Symmetry of the pentacene molecule and classification of electron states studied in the frame of group action on a set

Piotr Potera, Ireneusz Stefaniuk, Marian Kuźma

Page range: 165-176

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Abstract

Pentacene have recently become the subject of intense studies due to their physical properties which follow from the states of their outer-shell electrons that are able to take part in molecule bonding. The symmetry of these molecules provides the classification of quantum states according to the group theory method. In this paper, we apply a molecular state-space factorization scheme for the classification of pentacene molecules based on the structure of their electron states.

Open Access February 27, 2007

Creep strain recovery of Fe-Ni-B amorphous metallic ribbon

Alena Juríková, Kornel Csach, Jozef Miškuf, Václav Ocelík

Page range: 177-187

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Abstract

Creep strain recovery and structural relaxation of the amorphous metallic glass Fe40Ni41B19 after longtime loading at different annealing temperatures below the glass transition temperature have been studied using anisothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dilatometry (TMA). It has been demonstrated that structural relaxation effects depend on the stress-annealing temperature of the amorphous ribbon. The structural relaxation states of the amorphous ribbon annealed at different temperatures under and without applied stress have been compared. The activation energy spectra were calculated from the anisothermal dilatometric measurements using the modern method based on the Fourier transformation technique. The influence of the annealing temperature on the shape of creep strain recovery spectra has been analyzed.

Open Access June 1, 2007

Evaluation of the inelastic mean free path (IMFP) of electrons in polyaniline and polyacetylene samples obtained from elastic peak electron spectroscopy (EPES)

György Gergely, Miklós Menyhard, Attila Sulyok, Sándor Gurban, Beata Lesiak, Aleksander Jablonski, Andrzej Kosinski, József Toth, Dezső Varga

Page range: 188-200

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Abstract

The inelastic mean free path (IMFP) of electrons was determined experimentally for selected polyaniline and polyacetylene samples with Ag and Ni references using elastic peak electron spectroscopy (EPES). The surface composition was determined by XPS and density by helium pycnometry. The high resolution hemispherical ESA-31 and ADES-400 spectrometers were used for measurements in the energy range E = 0.5–3.0 keV and E =0.4 − 1.6 keV, respectively. The integrated elastic peak intensity ratios for sample and reference were calculated using the Monte Carlo (MC) algorithm based on the electron elastic scattering cross-sections database NIST SRD64 version 3.1 and applying TPP-2M IMFPs for polymers. Surface excitation parameters (SEP) and material parameters (ach) for polymers were determined, using the model of Chen, from comparison of measured and MC calculated elastic peak intensity ratios. These corrections proved to be efficient in decreasing the percentage deviations between the obtained IMFPs and the TPP-2M formula IMFPs. The elastic peak of hydrogen was observed in the EPES spectra of polymers. The experimental contribution of the hydrogen to the total elastic peak was 0.58%, while this value obtained from the MC simulations was 1.98%.

Open Access June 1, 2007

Numerical spherically symmetric static solution of the RTG equations outside of matter

Anton Godizov

Page range: 201-206

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Abstract

There was obtained a numerical external solution for the exact system of the RTG equations using natural boundary conditions in the static spherically symmetric case. The properties of the solution are discussed.

Open Access June 1, 2007

A molecular dynamics study on iridium

Gülen Ferah, Kemal Colakoglu, Yasemin Ciftci, Soner Ozgen, Sefa Kazanc

Page range: 207-220

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Abstract

In this study, molecular dynamics simulations are performed by using a modified form of Morse potential function in the framework of the Embedded Atom Method (EAM). Temperature-and pressure-dependent behaviours of bulk modulus, second-order elastic constants (SOEC), and the linear-thermal expansion coefficient is calculated and compared with the available experimental data. The melting temperature is estimated from 3 different plots. The obtained results are in agreement with the available experimental findings for iridium.

Open Access February 27, 2007

Electron transport in multilayer structures in a strong magnetic field

Olga Galbova, Olga Kirichenko, Danica Krstovska, Valentin Peschansky

Page range: 221-228

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Abstract

A linear response of the electron system of multilayer conducting structures placed in a strong magnetic field to an external action in the form of an electric field and a temperature gradient is studied theoretically. It is shown that joint investigations of the magnetoresistance and the thermo-emf allows new important information on the structure of the electron energy spectrum to be obtained and the presence of Q1D sheets of the Fermi surface to be revealed.

Open Access June 1, 2007

Influence of the reaction conditions on the formation of Tl(Re)-Ba-Ca-Cu-O superconducting thin films by thallination in open system

Agáta Dujavová, Michaela Valeriánová, Vladimír Štrbík, Zuzana Matkovičová, Gustav Plesch, Ivan Kostič

Page range: 229-235

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Abstract

Rhenium avoids air degradation of the target as well as of precursor thin films during the preparation of high temperature Tl-based superconductors. Addition of Re has been used during synthesis of oriented Tl(Re)-Ba-Ca-Cu-O films. High temperature superconducting Tl-based thin films were prepared by a two step method combining RF magnetron sputtering and ex-situ thallination. Precursors with a composition of Re0.1Ba2Ca2Cu3Ox were deposited on a CeO2 buffered R-plane sapphire substrate. The sputtered films were prepared at room temperature in an Ar atmosphere. The thallination of the precursor films was performed in a one zone configuration, where both the pellet and precursor film were kept at the same temperature. The thallination temperature varied in the range of 850–880°C and samples were held for 30, 45 and 60 min at this temperature in a flowing oxygen atmosphere. Besides Tl-2212, X-ray diffraction reveals the possibility of also preparing the Tl-2223 phase, which was until now not reported in a Re doped form.

Open Access June 1, 2007

Spectral study on the molecular orientation of a tetracationic porphyrin dye on the surface of layered silicates

Alexander Čeklovský, Juraj Bujdák, Adriana Czímerová, Nobuo Iyi

Page range: 236-243

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Abstract

Tetracationic porphyrin dyes TMPyP and ZnPyP were intercalated into hydrophobized layered silicate films of three smectites. The smectites represented the layered silicate specimens of high (Fluorohectorite, Corning; FHT), medium (Kunipia F montmorillonite; KF) and low layer charge (Laponite, Laporte; LAP). The molecular orientations of the dye cations were studied by means of linearly-polarized ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy. The spectral analysis and consequent calculations of tilting angles of the transition moments at the wavelengths of Soret band transitions were in the range of 25°-35°. The determined angles indicated molecular orientation of the dye cations being almost parallel to the surface of the silicates. Slightly higher values (above 35°), determined for a FHT film, indicated either a slightly tilted orientation of the dye cations or the change of molecular comformation after the intercalation of the dye.

Open Access February 27, 2007

High-quality MBE growth of AlχGa1-χ As-based THz quantum cascade lasers

Tomas Roch, Aaron Andrews, Gernot Fasching, Alexander Benz, Werner Schrenk, Karl Unterrainer, Gottfried Strasser

Page range: 244-251

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Abstract

High-quality GaAs-based quantum cascade laser (QCL) structures for the terahertz (THz) emission have been grown by solid source molecular-beam epitaxy. Ex-situ high-resolution x-ray diffraction shows that layer thickness and its control is the most critical growth aspect and that the lasing potential of the structure can be determined by the thickness accuracy of the layers. For our samples, the thickness tolerance for working lasing structures emitting approximately 100 μm was determined to be minimally above 1% for a 15 μm active region which was composed of 54.6 nm cascade cells. Increasing interface roughness adversely affects the lasing threshold and power.

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Open Physics is a peer-reviewed, open access, electronic journal devoted to the publication of fundamental research results in all fields of physics. The journal provides the readers with free, instant, and permanent access to all content worldwide; and the authors with extensive promotion of published articles, long-time preservation, language-correction services, no space constraints and immediate publication.
Open Physics is listed inter alia by Clarivate Analytics (formerly Thomson Reuters) - Current Contents/Physical, Chemical and Earth Sciences, JCR and SCIE. Our standard policy requires each paper to be reviewed by at least two Referees and the peer-review process is single-blind.

Special / Topical Issues:

Special Issue on Predicting Patern Alterations in Nature
Guest Editors:
Prof. Abdon Atangana, University of the Free State, South (Lead Guest Editor)
Prof. Dr. Emile Franc Goufo, University of South Africa
Prof. Dr Seda İğret Araz, Siirt University, Turkey

The journal publishes research and review articles, rapid and short communications, comments and replies that cover the following areas of physical sciences:

Acoustics
Astrophysics,
Atomic and Molecular Physics,
Biological and Medical Physics,
Complex Networks, Socio- and Econophysics,
Computational Physics,
Condensed Matter Physics,
Cosmology and Gravitation,
Fluid Mechanics,
Geophysics,
Nanophysics,
Optics and Lasers,
Particle and Nuclear Physics,
Plasma Physics,
Statistical and Nonlinear Physics,
Surface Physics,
Theoretical and Mathematical Physics.

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