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Volume 49 Issue 3
Issue of
Practical Metallography
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Contents
Journal Overview
Contents
Contents/Inhalt
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June 11, 2013
Contents
Page range: 121-122
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Editorial
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Editorial
Page range: 123-123
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Technical Contributions/Fachbeiträge
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June 11, 2013
Influence of Heat Treatments on the Microstructure of a Multi-Phase Titanium Aluminide Alloy
E. Schwaighofer, M. Schloffer, T. Schmoelzer, S. Mayer, J. Lindemann, V. Guether, J. Klose, H. Clemens
Page range: 124-137
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Abstract
Intermetallic titanium aluminides are employed in aircraft engines and automobile engines because of their low density and excellent high-temperature properties. Today's TiAl-based alloys are multi-phase alloys of a complex structure which mainly consist of γ-TiAl, α 2 -Ti 3 Al and low fractions of a β o -TiAl phase. An example of such an alloy is the so-called TNM alloy which exhibit a nominal composition of Ti-43.5Al-4Nb-1Mo-0.1B (in at %). In this alloy, solidification takes place via the β-phase, with the consequence of a fine-grained and nearly segregation-free microstructure. In spite of that, the cast microstructure also contains coarser grains which can act as crack initiators at room temperature and will reduce the deformation capability during tensile tests. Within the framework of this paper, heat treatment studies were conducted on a cast and hot isostatically pressed material with the primary aim of a microstructural homogenization in order to reduce the crack-initiating microstructural components and, hence, increase its fracture elongation at room temperature. In further heat treatments, microstructures with balanced mechanical properties were adjusted.
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A New Tint to Obtain Coloured Metallographic Structures of Tempered Cast Iron, Carbon Steel and Alloys
L. García Sánchez, C. Dietz, F. Penco Valenzuela, J. A. Martínez García, A. J. Criado Portal
Page range: 138-154
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A new method for preparation of metallographic samples, based on application of phthalocyanine blue diluted with nitrocellulose resin, is presented. A thin layer of the dye was applied onto cast iron or carbon steel samples and alloys prior to observation under optical microscopy. Highly resolved coloured micrographs were obtained for quenching structures or isothermal phase transformation of carbon iron alloys.
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Microstructure and EPR Studies of 13% Chromium Steels after Various Heat Treatments and the Influence of MnS on the EPR Test
S. Strobl, R. Haubner, P. Linhardt
Page range: 155-170
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Abstract
Current collector rings (X12Cr13 stainless steel, Mat. No. 1.4006) exhibited different susceptibilities for staining, if provided from different manufacturers. The electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation test (EPR test) revealed sensitisation as the reason for the insufficient corrosion behaviour. In the initial state, steel SS-1 shows a tempered structure and some ferrite with a sensitisation of max. 2.7%; steel SS-2 with a ferritic structure and carbides at the grain boundaries contains MnS and Ti(C,N) and exhibits sensitisation of ≈80%. After establishing a defined starting condition for both steels by solution annealing at 1050°C for 30 min, the steels were hardened in oil, air or cooled slowly in the furnace. Moreover, such oil-quenched samples were annealed at various conditions (800 or 750°C for 45 or 24 h), and the influence on sensitisation was determined via EPR test. The oil-quenched samples revealed the lowest degrees of sensitisation. Some unusual EPR results for SS-2 could be correlated with the dissolution of MnS during the test.
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The Metallurgical Causes of Structural Inhomogeneities in Hot Rolled Bars of Martensitic 12% Chromium Steels
A. Neidel, B. Fischer, S. Leggemann
Page range: 171-184
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Signs of segregation found during the goods inwards inspection by the users of hot rolled bars of X20Cr13 turbine blade steel led to difficulties in the customer – supplier relationship, due to their unknown effect on the strength and reliability of the finished component. The aim of this investigation was to characterise the micro structural inhomogeneities metallographically, to discuss the metallurgical causes and possible consequences, and to suggest possible corrective of action.
Meeting Diary/Veranstaltungskalender
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Meeting Diary
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Journal Overview
About this journal
Practical Metallography is a bilingual (German-English) journal that informs you thoroughly on materialographic preparation, imaging and analysis of microstructures. The journal covers the development and improvement of metallographic methods and equipment, possibilities of optical and electron microscopy, spectroscopy, diffraction techniques, non-destructive testing, metallographic investigations of materials, problems of specimens preparation and evaluation including useful laboratory advice and recipes, failure analysis including damage detection and elimination.
All articles are subject to thorough, independent peer review.
Practical Metallography works closely with Deutsche Gesellschaft für Materialkunde e.V. (DGM)
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