Impact Factor: 0.6

Veröffentlicht seit 1. Januar 1964

Practical Metallography

Praktische Metallographie – Preparation, Imaging and Analysis of Microstructures

ISSN: 2195-8599

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Über diese Zeitschrift

Practical Metallography is a bilingual (German-English) journal that informs you thoroughly on materialographic preparation, imaging and analysis of microstructures. The journal covers the development and improvement of metallographic methods and equipment, possibilities of optical and electron microscopy, spectroscopy, diffraction techniques, non-destructive testing, metallographic investigations of materials, problems of specimens preparation and evaluation including useful laboratory advice and recipes, failure analysis including damage detection and elimination.
All articles are subject to thorough, independent peer review.
Practical Metallography works closely with Deutsche Gesellschaft für Materialkunde e.V. (DGM)

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Band 60 Heft 10

Oktober 2023

Öffentlich zugänglich 14. September 2023

Inhalt

Seiten: 629-700

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Editorial

Öffentlich zugänglich 14. September 2023

Editorial

Seiten: 631-631

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Open Access 14. September 2023

Dezincification in cast and heat-treated alpha-beta brass samples

M. V. Biezma, S. Strobl, P. Linhardt, G. Ball, R. Haubner

Seiten: 632-642

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Abstract

Two α-β brass alloys with varying Zn contents have been studied. The samples received for examination were heat-treated at 500 °C in order to conduct dezincification studies according to EN ISO 6509-1 and to measure the depth of dezincification from metallographic sections. According to the phase diagram, the α-phase content should increase as a result of heat-treatment at 500 °C. This phenomenon, however, is difficult to observe in the metallographic sections which were prepared from the heattreated samples. When analyzing the depth of dezincification, it was found that reduced dezincification occurred in the heat-treated samples. This is plausible since β brass is attacked by preferential corrosion. Not only was uniform layer dezincification observed in the brass alloy with the higher Zn content, but also the onset of plug dezincification. This is associated with the original microstructure of the brass which is characterized by a coarse primary grain size. In this alloy, it is clearly observed that larger areas containing alpha brass will impede the process of dezincification.

14. September 2023

Robotization of conventional electrolytic process in metallography

O. Ambrož, J. Čermák, P. Jozefovič, Š. Mikmeková

Seiten: 643-659

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Abstract

Electrolytic polishing is a finishing method that removes material from a metal or alloy through an anodic dissolution process. Etching can often be performed in the same electrolyte by simply reducing the applied voltage to 10 percent of that required for polishing. Manufacturers of metallographic equipment present their products as automated. Only the electrolysis process itself is automated. After finishing, the sample must be immediately removed manually by the operator and cleaned. This process is critical with regard to the quality of the final sample surface and safety, because hazardous substances are often handled. The robot is placed next to an electrolytic equipment and handles all sample movements and the cleaning process in the ultrasonic bath in this experiment. The samples are made from ER308LSi austenitic stainless steel using 3D printing by Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM). The final surface is achieved electrolytically on the commercial equipment. The aim of the experiment is to compare the microstructure, especially with regard to the possibility of distinguishing delta ferrite. The surface is characterized using various microscopic techniques. Robotization can be the key to improving surface quality and safety.

14. September 2023

Comparison between image based and tabular data-based inclusion class categorization

S. R. Babu, R. Musi, S. K. Michelic

Seiten: 660-675

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Abstract

Non-metallic inclusions (NMI) have a significant impact on the final properties of steel products. As of today, the scanning electron microscope equipped with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) serves as the state of art characterization tool to study NMIs in steel. The automated 2D analysis method with the SEM-EDS allows for a comprehensive analysis of all the inclusions observed within a selected area of the sample. The drawback of this method is the time taken to complete the analysis. Therefore, machine learning methods have been introduced which can potentially replace the usage of EDS for obtaining chemical information of the inclusion by making quick categorizations of the inclusion classes and types. The machine learning methods can be developed by either training it directly with labeled backscattered electron (BSE) images or by tabular data consisting of image features input such as morphology and mean gray value obtained from the BSE images. The current paper compares both these methods using two steel grades. The advantages and the disadvantages have been documented. The paper will also compare the usage of shallow and deep learning methods to classify the steels and discuss the outlook of the existing machine learning methods to efficiently categorize the NMIs in steel.

14. September 2023

Development of an automated 3D metallography system and some first application examples in microstructural analysis

A. Lemiasheuski, E. Bajer, G. Oder, A. Göbel, R. Hesse, A. Pfennig, D. Bettge

Seiten: 676-691

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Abstract

Traditional metallography relies on the imaging of individual section planes. However, conclusions as to spatial shapes and microstructural arrangements can only be drawn to a limited extent. The idea to reconstruct three-dimensional microstructures from metallographic serial sections is therefore obvious and not at all new. However, the manual process of preparing a great number of individual sections and assembling them into image stacks is time-consuming and laborious and therefore constitutes an obstacle to frequent use. This is why the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, or BAM for short ( Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung ), is developing a robot-assisted 3D metallography system performing the tasks of preparation and image acquisition on a metallographic section fully automatically and repeatedly. Preparation includes grinding, polishing and optional etching of the section surface. Image acquisition is performed using a light optical microscope with autofocus at several magnification levels. The obtained image stack is then pre-processed, segmented and converted to a 3D model resembling a microtomographic image, but with a higher lateral resolution at large volumes. As opposed to tomographic techniques, it is possible to perform traditional chemical etching for contrasting. The integration of a scanning electron microscope is in the planning stages. Studies conducted so far have demonstrated the possibility of visualizing hot gas corrosion layers, gray cast irons and ceramic-based microelectronic structures (vias).

Picture of the Month

14. September 2023

Picture of the Month

Seiten: 692-692

News

14. September 2023

News

Seiten: 693-697

Meeting Diary

14. September 2023

Meeting Diary

Seiten: 698-699

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Journal Impact Factor	0.6	2022, Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate, 2023)
5-year Journal Impact Factor	0.5	2022, Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate, 2023)
Journal Citation Indicator	0.13	2022, Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate, 2023)
CiteScore	0.8	2022, Scopus (Elsevier B.V., 2023)
SCImago Journal Rank	0.226	2022, SJR (Scimago Lab, 2023; Data Source: Scopus)
Source Normalized Impact per Paper	0.371	2022, CWTS Journal Indicators (CWTS B.V., 2023; Data Source: Scopus)

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Editorial

Herausgeber
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Frank Mücklich (muecke@matsci.uni-sb.de)
Universität des Saarlandes
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Materialkunde e.V. (DGM)

Editorial Office
Michael Engstler (pmeditor@materialography.net)
Universität des Saarlandes
Campus D3 3
66123 Saarbrücken

Dr.-Ing. Agustina Guitar
Laura Ulrich
Niklas Müller

Society contact
Honorary Chairman, DGM
Prof. Dr. Dr. Günter Petzow
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Materialkunde e.V. (DGM)

(English)

Online ISSN: 2195-8599
Print ISSN: 0032-678X
Typ: Zeitschrift
Sprache: Mehrsprachig
Verlag: De Gruyter
Erstveröffentlichung: 1. Januar 1964
Erscheinungsweise: 12 Hefte pro Jahr