journal: Turkish Journal of Biochemistry

Impact Factor: 0.7

Open Access Published since January 1, 1976

Turkish Journal of Biochemistry

Türk Biyokimya Dergisi

ISSN: 1303-829X

Editor-in-chief: Doğan Yücel

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Objective

The Turkish Journal of Biochemistry (TJB), the official journal of the Turkish Biochemical Society, is an open access journal issued bi-monthly. The main objective of the journal is to promote the research and publication culture by ensuring that each published paper has added scientific value, thus ensuring international acceptance of the "readability" of the articles published in TJB. All contributions submitted for publication in TJB are single-blind peer reviewed by at least two experts in the field. TJB publishes only English-language articles. Open Researcher and Contributor ID (ORCID) is mandatory for submission.
All issues back to 2015 can be found on the TJB journal website, at the link "Issues". All back issues from 1999 to 2015, as well as the issue of the founding year, can be found HERE.

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Topics

Biochemistry
Clinical biochemistry
Molecular biology
Molecular genetics
Biotechnology
Bioinformatics
Bioengineering

Article formats
research articles, reviews, short communications, technical notes, case reports, opinion papers, article commentaries, letters to the editor, editorials

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The Turkish Journal of Biochemistry is fully open access journal. Publication costs are covered by Article Processing Charges (APC), paid by authors' affiliated institutions, funders or sponsors. Manuscripts submitted from 01 December 2020 are subject to APC. Details can be found here.

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Wide-ranging platform for promoting local and global research in biochemistry
Basic and applied research in the field of biochemistry
High quality peer-review
Publication under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY-4.0) License

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Volume 48 Issue 5

October 2023

Publicly Available October 23, 2023

Frontmatter

Page range: i-ii

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Review

Open Access August 31, 2023

Exploring nanotechnology-based approaches using miRNAs to treat neurodegenerative disorders

Gohar Mushtaq, Ibrahim W. Hasani, Fouad Al-Daoud, Aziz Unnisa, Yahya A. Mutair, Samer Kabba, Yaser Alkanash

Page range: 446-458

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Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding molecules that play a pivotal part in brain development and the processes of establishment and maintenance of dendrites and neurite outgrowth by modulating gene expression. Dysregulation of miRNAs has been linked with neurological disorders. Exogenous miRNAs are unstable in the plasma due to degradation by nucleases; hence, choosing a harmless and effective delivery mode is crucial in the quest for miRNA-based therapeutics to treat neurological disorders. This review aims to shed light on the emerging role of nanotechnology-based approaches using miRNAs to treat neurodegenerative disorders. Nanotechnology encompasses a broad spectrum of applications, one of which is its role in developing nanoscale drug delivery systems. Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems have attracted the attention of researchers due to the superiority of this mode over conventional treatment systems in terms of their favorable attributes such as bio-compatibility, bio-degradability, extremely small size, and the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. This review explores nanotechnology-based approaches using miRNAs highlighting the use of viral vectors as well as non-viral vectors (such as exosomes, liposome nanoparticles, gold and magnetic nanoparticles, dendrimer-based nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles) to treat neurodegenerative disorders.

Research Articles

Open Access September 12, 2023

Rhesus factor is a stronger predictor for the risk of Sars-CoV-2 and mortality than ABO blood types

Soner Yesilyurt, Osman Erinc, Almila Senat, Cem Tugrul Gezmis, Mustafa Bahadir Can Balci

Page range: 459-466

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Abstract

Objectives In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between ABO blood groups and Rhesus factor (Rf) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (Sars-CoV-2), as well as the risk of infection susceptibility and death according to pre-existing comorbidities. Methods This retrospective study included patients medical record between March 2020 and March 2021. A total 470 patients were included in the study. The subjects were categorized according to diagnose of Sars-CoV-2. Also, we evaluated the subject according to severity of Sars-CoV-2 infection. The logistic and multivariate regression analysis were performed to predict possible effect of ABO and Rf types as well as comorbidities on indicators of Sars-CoV-2 severity including Intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization, intubation, and mortality. Results The distribution of ABO blood type and Rf were not statistically different cases with and without Sars-CoV-2. Blood type B and A were the most groups in intubation and mortality among patients with Sars-CoV-2. However, ABO blood types had no significant effect on risk of Sars-CoV-2 and mortality while, Rf had a significantly effect on it. Additionally, Rf had a statistically significant effect on all severity indicators of Sars-CoV-2 but ABO had not. Conclusions While Rf was significantly associated with risk of Sars-CoV-2 and had a strong effect on ICU admission, intubation, and mortality, ABO groups were not associated with risk of disease. Intubation and mortality rates were higher in patients with blood group B (OR: 2.93 p:0.390 95 % CI [0.253–33.9], OR: 0.217 p:0.211 95 % CI [0.020–2.37]) and Rh factor + (OR: 1.63 p:0.027 95 % CI [0.046–0.828]).

Open Access August 17, 2023

Clinical laboratory testing in the emergency department: a six-year analysis

Attila Beştemir, Göksu Bozdereli Berikol

Page range: 467-474

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Abstract

Objectives This study aimed to examine the utilization of clinical laboratory services in the emergency department and to identify the changes in their usage over six years. Methods Our study is a retrospective descriptive observational study. The study includes emergency room visits between January 01, 2016, and January 01, 2022, and the analysis of the tests requested during this period. Results When the number of tests requested among the patients in the emergency departments was considered, the highest rate belonged to complete blood count (109,696,468), which was followed by creatinine (98,027,489) and potassium (94,583,831). In addition to an increase in the number of C-reactive protein (CRP) tests (118.82 %), coagulation parameters such as D-dimer (1,180.95 %) and fibrinogen (315.25 %) showed an increasing trend after the onset of pandemia. Conclusions The most frequently used tests in the emergency department were complete blood count, creatinine, potassium, blood urine nitrogen (BUN), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and Na, ferritin, fibrinogen, CRP, and D-dimer have increased over the last two years due to their clinical use in predicting the outcome of COVID-19.

Open Access July 17, 2023

New data for endemic Phlomis brevibracteata Turrill from North Cyprus: biological activities and chemical composition

Imge Kunter, Niloufar Zabib, Fatih Göger, Müberra Koşar

Page range: 475-484

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Abstract

Objectives Cancer chemotherapeutic treatments come with many adverse effects. Anticancer studies with natural products have been carried out to minimize these issues. This study aimed to evaluate the anticancer potential of endemic Phlomis brevibracteata Turrill against four different hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines and find new natural candidates for cancer treatment. Methods The chemical composition of 70 % aqueous methanol extract (PBM) of P . brevibracteata was analyzed using the LC-MS/MS method. Additionally, the effect of PBM on the proliferation, motility, and oxidative state of four different HCC cell lines of SK-HEP-1, PLC/PRF/5, HuH-7, and Mahlavu have been investigated by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), wound healing, and DCFH-DA assays respectively. Results Our results identified caffeoylquinic acids and Forsythoside B as the main chemical constituents of the PBM. A significant decrease in cell viability was recorded at certain extract concentrations. The motility of the HCC cell lines was inhibited at different levels when treated with PBM. PBM reduced basal and induced oxidative states in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusions We conclude P . brevibracteata plant extract can be a potential candidate for further studies with the goal of new anticancer chemotherapeutic discovery.

Open Access July 21, 2023

Inhibitory effect of organic acids on human neutrophil myeloperoxidase’s peroxidation, chlorination, and nitration activities

Bahram Sarkarati

Page range: 485-491

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Abstract

Objectives Myeloperoxidase from polymorphonuclear leukocytes is an important enzyme in oxidative metabolism and has a key role in tissue injuries in oxidative stress and inflammatory conditions. Therefore, its inhibitors have become the focus of studies on new drug development in recent years. The aim of the study was to determine the inhibitory effect of organic acids on the peroxidation, chlorination, and nitration activities of myeloperoxidase. Methods Seven organic acids naturally abundant in plants were tested. Different activities of myeloperoxidase were measured in the presence of various amounts of organic acids, and inhibition rates and kinetic parameters were determined for each organic acid separately. Results All the organic acids examined had inhibitory effects on the different activities of myeloperoxidase. Comparison of the IC 50 values obtained for peroxidation, chlorination, and nitration activities showed that oxalic acid was the strongest inhibitor of myeloperoxidase activity, while citric acid and succinic acid were the weakest. Conclusions The results suggested that all the organic acids examined are inhibitors of myeloperoxidase. In particular, oxalic acid and fumaric acid are popular candidates for drug development research. More studies are needed to determine the in vivo effects of organic acids and their effects in the treatment of disease.

Open Access August 31, 2023

Prevalence and association of sIgA in saliva and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in TB patients: a cross-sectional study

Keqiang Wan, Chang Su, Fang Yin, Caoyuan Yao

Page range: 492-498

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Abstract

Objectives Pseudomonas aeruginosa is pathogenic in immunocompromised individuals . It has several complex mechanisms for evading human immunity. The objective of the study was to examine the secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) mediated immune response in saliva to detect P. aeruginosa in pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods The infection with P. aeruginosa was categorized according to the Leeds criteria in the final 86 individuals who were proven to have pulmonary tuberculosis by polymerase chain reaction. Levels of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and sIgA which are specific to P. aeruginosa were measured using the method of ELISA. Results Patients in the “free of infection (patients who were infected with P. aeruginosa in the lower respiratory tract at the beginning of the study later became negative)” and “intermittent colonized (patients who were infected with P. aeruginosa throughout the study)” groups had substantially higher median baseline sIgA levels in saliva and a much greater proportion of sIgA positive than patients who were never colonized (patients who were found to be P. aeruginosa negative throughout the study) (p=0.038). Median baseline IgG level was 10.7 (1.7–145.0), 8.3 (2.5–22.9), and 6.7 (3.3–17.1) for the patients categorized as “intermittent colonization”, “free of infection” and “never colonized”, respectively. After 3 years of study, sIgA level was found in significant high level among the patients with infection of P. aeruginosa (p=0.003). Conclusions Secretory IgA may be readily collected from saliva and is a useful diagnostic technique for determining whether P. aeruginosa infection has occurred.

Open Access August 29, 2023

Within- and between-subject biological variation of hemostasis parameters in a study of 26 healthy individuals

Oguzhan Zengi, Kamil Taha Uçar

Page range: 499-506

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Abstract

Objectives The study aimed to estimate the biological variation (BV) of routine coagulation tests, including prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and fibrinogen, in a healthy population to enhance the accuracy of laboratory results and improve diagnosis and treatment decisions. Methods The study included 26 healthy volunteers over 10 weeks; samples were collected weekly. The within-subject BV (CV I ) and between-subject BV (CV G ) were calculated for each parameter, and the index of individuality (II) and reference change values (RCV) were determined. All tests were performed in duplicate on the Roche Cobas T-711 coagulation analyzer. Results Fibrinogen exhibited the highest BV, with a CV I of 11 % and CV G of 17.4 %. The aPTT test had a CV I of 5.8 %, a CV G of 8.4 %, and an II of 0.91. The PT test had a CV I of 3.2 %, a CV G of 5.8 %, and an II of 0.73. The RCV values ranged from −7.5 to 8.1 for PT, −12.7 to 14.6 for aPTT, and −22.7 to 29.4 for fibrinogen. Conclusions The study underscores the significant biological variation in routine hemostasis parameters, such as PT, APTT, and fibrinogen, which impacts clinical diagnoses and treatment decisions. Despite certain limitations, the findings offer valuable insights for clinicians and suggest that future research should include more parameters for a comprehensive understanding of biological variations in hemostasis testing.

Open Access August 17, 2023

Nasal fluid sample as a reliable matrix for determination of cytokine levels in childhood asthma

Mojtaba Doulatpanah, Meltem Kocamanoğlu, Eser Yıldırım Sözmen, Gökçen Kartal Öztürk, Esen Demir, Figen Gülen, Yasemin Akçay

Page range: 507-514

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Abstract

Objectives Childhood asthma is a chronic disease with high incidence worldwide. As a lifelong disease, asthma has episodes. Inflammation continues to occur in the clinical remission of asthma. It can be difficult to diagnose childhood asthma, especially in clinical remission. We hypothesized that some cytokines secreted to nasal fluid from the airway during inflammation might help diagnose clinical remission of asthma. Moreover, sampling nasal fluid is an easy and non-invasive procedure, so it may be a preferable sampling method. Methods We measured levels of some interleukins (ILs), which are IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-33, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), periostin and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) by Luminex magnetic bead-based immunoassay in nasal fluid and in serum of asthmatic children in clinical remission. Results We found that IL-5, IL-6, IL-33, and periostin had elevated levels in nasal fluid. IL-5 and IL-33 had increased levels in the nasal fluid of the patients with immunoglobulin E (IgE) high and low phenotypes. While the nasal fluid TSLP levels were positively correlated with most of the increased serum cytokine levels of non-allergic asthmatic children, the nasal fluid GM-CSF levels were positively correlated with most of the increased serum cytokine levels of the allergic asthmatic children. Conclusions IL-5, IL-6, IL-33, and periostin had elevated levels in the nasal fluid of the patients in clinical remission. The nasal fluid GM-CSF levels of the allergic patients and nasal fluid TSLP levels of the non-allergic patients had a positive correlation with most of the serum cytokine levels. Thus, our results showed that nasal fluid might be a preferable biological sample to diagnose asthma in children.

Open Access July 27, 2023

Evaluation of the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) as diagnostic biomarkers in different lung diseases, especially for SCLC

Yue Zhang, Zhigang Xin, Qun Zhang, Zhijun Zhang, Xiaodong Feng

Page range: 515-524

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Abstract

Objectives This study aims to assess the capability of monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) to diagnose and differentiate diagnosis various types of lung diseases, including non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and benign pulmonary diseases (BPD). Methods Patients diagnosed with lung cancer and BPD by pathology and healthy volunteers were enrolled. Laboratory test data and clinical pathologic characteristics were recorded, including complete blood counts, CRP, NSE, CYFRA21-1 levels, age, gender, and histological type. The differences between the groups were calculated and compared. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to specify the diagnostic value of MLR and CRP in NSCLC, SCLC, and BPD. Results A total of 2042 patients and 996 healthy volunteers were involved (NSCLC, SCLC, and BPD patients were 1,245, 302, and 495, respectively). Compared to healthy volunteers, MLR and CRP in patients with NSCLC, SCLC, and BPD were significantly higher (p<0.0001). The areas under the curve (AUC) were 0.703, 0.828, 0.784, 0.703, 0.813, and 0.798, respectively. Through the combined analysis of MLR and CRP, the AUC could be improved to 0.765, 0.882, and 0.843, respectively. Additionally, an evaluation of the diagnostic value of MLR+CRP+ NSE+CYFRA21-1 gave the AUC of 0.898 (95 % CI:0.882–0.914), 0.986 (95 % CI:0.975–0.996) and 0.925 (95 % CI:0.906–0.945), respectively. Moreover, MLR and CRP could differentiate early-stage patients (0 and I stages) from late-stage (IV stage) for NSCLC and SCLC patients, with p-values of less than 0.0001, respectively. Conclusions MLR and CRP could be good diagnostic indicators of lung diseases, especially for SCLC and BPD. Both could improve the diagnostic efficiency of traditional lung cancer biomarkers, demonstrating excellent diagnostic value, particularly in SCLC. This may supply early treatment and survival advantages for patients.

Open Access September 5, 2023

The association between plasma concentration of pigment epithelium-derived factor and diabetic retinopathy

Tayfun Şahin, Alpaslan Karabulut

Page range: 525-530

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Abstract

Objectives Diabetic retinopathy (DRP) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes. The pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a protein that is one of the most potent angiogenesis inhibitors. The effect of blood PEDF concentration on DRP formation remains unclear. The present study aimed to determine whether the plasma concentration of PEDF is effective on the appearance of DRP. Methods The present study consisted of 62 patients with diabetes mellitus and 20 healthy participants. The patient group included 28 patients with non-proliferative DRP, 13 with proliferative DRP, and 21 diabetic patients without DRP. The PEDF levels in patient serum samples were detected through the ELISA method. The body mass index of the participants was calculated. Results Serum PEDF levels of diabetic patients (1.533 ± 0.233 μg/mL) were found to be lower (2.163 ± 0.343 μg/mL) than healthy participants (p=0.002). The PEDF levels were similar in the DRP and non-DRP groups (p=0.337). The plasma PEDF level decreased along with the progression of DRP (p=0.001). Conclusions The PEDF concentration in the blood decreases along with the increase of DRP grade. Decreased blood concentration of PEDF may be important to predict microvascular complications . Agents containing PEDF may be used intraocularly/systemically for therapeutic purposes to prevent vascular complications of diabetes in the near future.

Open Access September 21, 2023

Can preoperative neopterin levels predict acute kidney injury in patients undergoing on-pump cardiac surgery?

Ömer Faruk Çiçek, Fikret Akyürek, Hakan Akbayrak, Atilla Orhan, Eyüp Cihan Kaya, Mustafa Büyükateş

Page range: 531-540

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Abstract

Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of preoperative neopterin levels as a predictive marker for postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing on-pump cardiac surgery, in addition to other potential risk factors. Methods This observational study included 91 patients who underwent elective cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass. Of these, 35 patients (38.46 %) experienced AKI following surgery, as outlined by the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) standards. The study participants were divided into two groups depending on whether they had developed AKI after the surgery or not. The study compared two groups and utilized logistic regression analysis to evaluate potential predictors. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted to determine the ability of preoperative neopterin levels to predict the occurrence of AKI. Results A comparison of the baseline demographic, clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic characteristics was conducted between patients who suffered from AKI and those who did not. The multivariate analysis demonstrated that EuroSCORE II (OR, 4.525; 95 % CI, 1.29–15.87; p=0.019), X-clamp time (OR, 1.157; 95 % CI, 1.01–1.326; p=0.035), and neopterin levels (OR, 22.952; 95 % CI, 3.14–167.763; p=0.002) were independently predicted the post-cardiac surgery AKI. ROC analysis identified a cut-off value of 9.65 nmol/L, which had a sensitivity of 91.4 % and a specificity of 91.1 % (area under the curve, 0.98; 95 % CI, 0.958–1; p<0.001). Conclusions Our study emphasizes the potential of preoperative neopterin levels, EuroSCORE II, and X-clamp time as independent predictors of postoperative AKI, even in milder cases, in individuals undergoing on-pump cardiac surgery.

Open Access October 2, 2023

Exosomal prognostic biomarkers predict metastatic progression and survival in breast cancer patients

Ceyhan Ceran Serdar, Şeyma Osmanlıoğlu

Page range: 541-562

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Abstract

Objectives This study aims to comprehensively evaluate extracellular vesicle (EV)-based biomarkers circulating in body fluids with significant prognostic value in breast cancer (BrCa). Methods We systematically searched WOS, PubMed, and Scopus databases on 14 February 2023 for studies indicating overall survival(OS), progression/disease/event-free survival(PFS/DFS/EFS), and metastatic progression. We computed univariate(UHR) or multivariate adjusted(AHR) hazard ratios, and AUC values for all prognostic EV-based biomarkers of blood-origin using random effect model and Stata 16.0 software. Subgroup analysis was conducted for positive and negative prognostic factors. Results Twenty-one articles comprising twenty-six studies and 3,423 patients satisfied the inclusion criteria. EV-based negative biomarkers indicated low OS(UHR=2.31, CI=1.77–3.03, I 2 =60.12 %, p<0.001); worse DFS/PFS/EFS(UHR=3.91, CI=2.82–5.43, I 2 =19.08 %, p=0.24); increased risk for metastasis(pooled AUC=0.91). Out of 56 EV-based biomarkers that have been previously described, we identified PD-L2, sHLA-G, exo-XIST, and miR4800 as the best predictors of OS of BrCa patients. Expression levels of miR155, Annexin-A2, sHLA-G, PD-L2, miR1246, PSMA and the biomarkers constructing the EV P -panel hold significant potential to be combined in a prognostic-panel predicting DFS/PFS/EFS of BrCa patients. PD-L2 and sHLA-G standing out as leading biomarkers in both OS and DFS highlights the importance of immune system evasion for patient survival. In addition, we suggest that reinforcement with additional RNA biomarkers could significantly increase the metastatic prediction power of the previously described EV DX -panel. Conclusions This meta-analysis provides an overview of the liquid biopsy-based EV-biomarkers associated with OS, DFS, and metastatic progression of BrCa for the first time. Prognostic efficiency of the proposed panels should be further investigated before transition to clinical use.

Open Access June 29, 2023

miR-145-5p suppresses cell proliferation by targeting IGF1R and NRAS genes in multiple myeloma cells

Murat Kaya, Ilknur Suer, Emre Ozgur, Ozel Capik, Omer Faruk Karatas, Sukru Ozturk, Ugur Gezer, Sukru Palanduz, Kivanc Cefle

Page range: 563-569

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Abstract

Objectives Multiple myeloma (MM) is a common hematological cancer. Hence, it is important to conduct further studies investigating the molecular mechanisms in detail that contributes to myeloma genesis. In addition to genetic changes, epigenetic factors such as miRNAs may influence the expression of myeloma-related genes. Methods Our study aimed to detect genes closely related to MM and miRNAs involved in the cancer process by changing the expression of these genes with bioinformatics tools and in vitro methods. Bioinformatics approaches identified hub miRNAs in our study that may have a role in the expression change of genes connected to myeloma. The functional impacts of the chosen miRNA on RPMI8226 and U266 cell lines and the effect of this miRNA on the expression changes of putative target genes were investigated. Results The viability of miR-145-5p transfected cells was found to decrease compared to control cells and the expression of IGF1R and NRAS genes were found to be significantly suppressed in both cell lines at mRNA level. Decreased levels of the IGF1R and NRAS genes were confirmed in miR-145-5p transfected cells at the protein level as well as compared to control cells. In addition, IGF1R /miR-145-5p interaction was demonstrated via luciferase reporter assay. However, expression levels of EGFR , KLF4 , IRS1 , CDK4 and CDK6 candidate genes had no statistically significant difference in miR-145-5p transfected cells compared to control cells. Conclusions Mir-145-5p was demonstrated to act as a tumor suppressor miRNA and inhibit the proliferation in MM cell lines via targeting IGF1R and NRAS .

Open Access September 5, 2023

miR-564 and miR-718 expressions are downregulated in colorectal cancer tissues

Deniz Mihcioglu, Erkan Elihan, Alper Aytekin, Turkan Gurer

Page range: 570-580

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Abstract

Objectives MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs that are involved in regulating gene expression and have an important role in biological pathways such as differentiation, migration, cell proliferation, and other cellular processes. Previous studies have shown that miR-564 and miR-718 are either downregulated or upregulated in various cancers. The purpose of this study was to examine the levels of expression of miR-564 and miR-718 in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients’ tumor and non-tumor tissues. Methods The study group consisted of tumor and non-tumor tissues obtained from a total of 80 CRC patients. The expression levels of miRNAs were determined using quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR). Additionally, using bioinformatics analysis, the transcription factors (TFs) that are associated with miR-564 and miR-718 were identified as well as the GO (Gene Ontology) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) enrichment pathway analysis of these miRNAs. Results According to the findings of RT-qPCR, both miR-564 and miR-718 expression levels were significantly downregulated in CRC (p<0.001). There was a statistically significant correlation between the expression levels of miR-564 and miR-718 (p=0.006). Both miR-564 and miR-718 regulated TFs including E2F1, HIFIA, BRD4, KDM2B, ESR1, MYC, PHF8, RUNX1, TCF12 and YY1. According to KEGG analysis, miR-564 and miR-718 were associated with Hippo and FoxO signaling pathways, respectively (p<0.05). Conclusions miR-564 and miR-718 may have function as tumor suppressors and may be biomarkers for the diagnosis of CRC.

Open Access October 6, 2023

Ischemic cerebrovascular disease caused by genetic mutation and patent foramen ovale

Esra Eruyar, Tevfik Honca, Fatih Bakır

Page range: 581-585

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Abstract

Objectives The search for genetic mutations is very important in younger patients and other age groups with a history of recurrent cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) and a family history of other causes to be excluded. The aim of this study is to define the characteristics of genetic mutations in the etiology of ischemic stroke. Methods Twenty-three patients with acute CVD in the last 1 year and only genetic mutations acknowledged in the etiology were retrospectively analyzed. We determined the frequency of the genetic mutations that are observed in cerebral arterial events (CAE) and cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). Results All patients had at least one genetic mutation and 19 of them had arterial events and 4 had venous thrombosis. MTHFR mutation was the most common mutation and PAI-1 mutation was the second in line for the arterial events. PAI 4G/5G, MTHFR A1298 and FV mutations were most frequently observed in venous events. Patent foramen ovale (PFO) was detected in 14 patients (%74) with CAE. Conclusions We concluded that multiple gene mutations may significantly increase the development of CVD. CVD is most commonly associated with MTHFR, PAI-1 or FV gene mutations and is most commonly seen in CAE. MTHFR mutations showed moderate linear correlation in the development of arterial events and FXII and FXIII mutations in venous events. The association of thrombophilia and PFO is high in patients who have undergone CAE, especially responsible for recurrent events. This study will need to be confirmed by prospective studies with larger sample and control group.

Open Access September 25, 2023

Comprehensive geriatric assessment and drug burden in elderly chronic kidney disease patients

Neziha Erken, Ertugrul Erken

Page range: 586-591

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Abstract

Objectives Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a condition characterized by atherosclerosis, cognitive impairment, physical limitations, biochemical abnormalities, and vascular aging. The proportion of those with a diagnosis of CKD in the older is increasing. With comprehensive geriatric assessment, it could be possible to detect the disorders that are related to biological aging. The aim is to evaluate geriatric syndromes like frailty, cognitive dysfunction, malnutrition, and polypharmacy in an aged population with pre-dialytic CKD (stages 3a–5), and to investigate possible relations with biochemical features and anticholinergic drug burden (ADB). Methods One hundred and fifty-six CKD patients aged 60 and older and 164 healthy controls were included in the study. Geriatric parameters that were used for the evaluation of the groups were, Clinical Frailty Index; Charlson Comorbidity Index; Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form. Besides, biochemical parameters and ADB defined with 3 scales Anticholinergic Burden Classification (ABC), Chew’s scale, and Drug Burden Index were recorded. Results Despite being younger, CKD patients had higher comorbidity and frailty scores than the controls. Patients and controls had similar nutritional status, and cognitive function test results. Frailty was an important predictor for geriatric parameters and eGFR. ABC score was higher in the CKD group in ADB scale. Conclusions Frailty and polypharmacy are more prevalent than expected in older with CKD. In addition, anticholinergic burden and polypharmacy may form causal links with one and other and lead to increased mortality rates especially with frailty. Therefore, geriatric assessment and appropriate ADB evaluation may be recommended in CKD patients.

Open Access October 6, 2023

Exploring the enzyme inhibitory properties of Antarctic algal extracts

Bülent Gözcelioğlu, İbrahim Seyda Uras, Murat Şentürk, Belma Konuklugil

Page range: 592-602

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Abstract

Objectives Marine organisms obtained from Antarctica are prominent sources for many important activities. Algae are known for adapting to various adverse environmental conditions and for producing secondary metabolites with various biological activities. This study examined the enzyme inhibitory properties of six different Antarctic algal extracts. Methods We investigated the activity of specific enzymes, including acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), carbonic anhydrase (CA I/II), glutathione reductase (GR), and α-glucosidase (AG), as these enzymes have potential therapeutic applications such as in Alzheimer’s disease, malaria, cancer, and diabetes mellitus. Results The results of the study found that the algal extracts had potent inhibitory effects on these enzymes, with IC 50 values ranging from 0.60 to 48.85 μg/mL, indicating that these extracts could be source of potential new drugs. Monostroma harioti and Cystosphaera jacquinotii extracts demonstrated highest AChE and CA I enzymes inhibiton. M. harioti and Desmarestia antarctica extracts presented highest GR enzyme inhibiton, C. jacquinotii and D. antarctica extracts presented highest inhibitory activity against BChE, CA II and α-glucosidase enzymes. Conclusions Extracts of algae samples taken from Antarctica have high enzyme inhibitory activity, and further studies are needed to find out which compounds may be responsible for the effect.

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Ahead of Print / Just Accepted

Volume 48 (2023)

Volume 47 (2022)

Volume 46 (2021)

Volume 45 (2020)

Volume 44 (2019)

Volume 43 (2018)

Volume 42 (2017)

Volume 41 (2016)

Volume 40 (2015)

Journal Impact Factor	0.7	2022, Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate, 2023)
5-year Journal Impact Factor	0.8	2022, Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate, 2023)
Journal Citation Indicator	0.10	2022, Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate, 2023)
CiteScore	1.1	2022, Scopus (Elsevier B.V., 2023)
SCImago Journal Rank	0.226	2022, SJR (Scimago Lab, 2023; Data Source: Scopus)
Source Normalized Impact per Paper	0.313	2022, CWTS Journal Indicators (CWTS B.V., 2023; Data Source: Scopus)

More information about journal rankings

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Editorial

EDITOR IN CHIEF
Doğan Yücel, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, TÜRKIYE

VICE EDITORS
Aylin Sepici Dinçel, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, TÜRKIYE
Merve Sibel Güngören, Duzen Lab., Ankara, TÜRKIYE
Güneş Özhan, İzmir Institute of Technology, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gulbahce Campus, İzmir, TÜRKIYE
Oytun Portakal, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, TÜRKIYE
Muhittin Serdar, Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Acıbadem University, İstanbul, TÜRKIYE
Mehmet Şeneş, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, TÜRKIYE

ASSOCIATE EDITORS
Sedat Abuşoğlu, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Selçuk University, Konya, TÜRKIYE
Hamit Hakan Alp, Department of Biochemistry, Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, Van, TÜRKIYE
Sreeparna Banerjee, Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, TÜRKIYE
Burak Barut, KTÜ Eczacılık Fakültesi, Karadeniz Teknik Universitesi Pharmacy, Trabzon, TÜRKIYE
Tülin Bayrak, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ordu University, Ordu, TÜRKIYE
Murat Bolayırlı, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cerrahpaşa İstanbul University, İstanbul, TÜRKIYE
Abdurrahman Coşkun, Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Acıbadem University, İstanbul,TÜRKIYE
Özlem Dalmızrak, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, TRNC
Birsen Can Demirdöğen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, TÜRKIYE
Halef Okan Doğan, Tıp fakültesi, Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Sivas, TÜRKIYE
Perinur Bozaykut Eker, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Acibadem University, Istanbul, TURKIYE
Suat Erdoğan, Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, TÜRKIYE
Uzay Görmüş, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, SWEDEN
Gürcan Günaydın, Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, TÜRKIYE
Semra Koçtürk, Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, TÜRKIYE
Işıl Aksun Kurnaz, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, TÜRKIYE
Melek Özkan, Department of Environmental Engineering, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, TÜRKIYE
Ebru Saatçi, Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TÜRKIYE
Çağdaş Son, Department of Computer Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, TÜRKIYE
Alaattin Şen, Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Pamukkale University, Denizli, TÜRKIYE
Deniz İlhan Topçu, Biochemistry Laboratory, Baskent University, İzmir, TÜRKIYE
Hamdi Uysal, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, TÜRKIYE
Serenay Elgün Ülkar, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
İlhan Yaylım, Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, TÜRKIYE
Fatma Meriç Yılmaz, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, TÜRKIYE
Meral Yüksel, Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Marmara University, Istanbul, TÜRKIYE

STATISTICS EDITORS
Erdal Coşgun, Microsoft Genomics Research Group, Redmond, WA, USA
Sevilay Karahan, Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, TÜRKIYE
Jale Karakaya, Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, TÜRKIYE

TECHNICAL EDITORS
Gizem Yılmaz Çalık, Medical Biochemistry Laboratory, Tokat Zile State Hospital, Tokat, TÜRKİYE
Birsen Can Demirdöğen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, TÜRKIYE
Merve Sibel Güngören, Duzen Lab., Ankara, TÜRKIYE
Duygu Eryavuz Onmaz, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Selçuk University, Konya, TÜRKIYE
Duygu Şahin, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul Aydın University, Istanbul, TÜRKIYE
Emel Çolak Samsum, Medical Biochemistry Laboratory, Pursaklar State Hospital, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
İsmail Sarı, Department of Medical Biochemitry, Faculty of Medicine, Kırklareli University, Kırklareli, TÜRKİYE
Z. Onur Uygun, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir, TÜRKIYE
Oğuzhan Zengi, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Bağcılar Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, TÜRKIYE

CORRESPONDENCE
Nermin Şahan, Hirfanlı Sokak 9/3 Gaziosmanpaşa 06700 Ankara, TÜRKİYE

EDITORIAL BOARD
Khosrow Adeli, Molecular Medicine, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA
Reᶊat Apak, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, İstanbul University Cerrahpaºa Research Information System, İstanbul, TURKEY
Cezmi Akdiᶊ, University Zurich, Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), Davos, SWITZERLAND
Mübeccel Akdiᶊ, University Zurich, Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), Davos, SWITZERLAND
Diler Aslan, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, TÜRKIYE
Anyla Bulo-Kasneci, Laboratory Department, University Hospital Center "Mother Teresa", Tirana, ALBANIA
Elif Demirkan, Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Uludağ University, Bursa, TÜRKIYE
Z. Günnur Dikmen, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, TÜRKIYE
Miral Dizdaroğlu, Biomolecular Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
Mustafa B. A. Djamgoz, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College, London, UNITED KINGDOM
Gökhan Hotamişlıgil, Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Healt, Boston, USA
Ivan G. Ivanov, Institute of　Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, BULGARIA
Erdal Karaöz, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Istinye University, İstanbul, TÜRKIYE
Mehmet Kesimer, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
İrfan Küfrevioğlu, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art & Sciences, Atatürk University, Erzurum, TÜRKIYE
Nada Majkic-Singh, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Pharmaceutical Faculty and Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, SERBIA
Gülgün Oktay, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Dokuz Eylül, İzmir, TÜRKIYE
Yeşim Özarda, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Uludağ University, Bursa, TÜRKIYE
Tomris Özben, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, TÜRKIYE
Nazmi Özer, Faculty of Pharmacy, Girne American University, Nicosia TRNC
Israel Pecht, Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, ISRAEL
Mario Plebani, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, ITALY
Demetrios Rizos, Hormonal and Biochemical Laboratory, Aretaieio Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, GREECE
George Russev, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Molecular Biology, Sofia, BULGARIA
Fahri Saatçioğlu, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, NORWA
Ferhan Girgin Sağın, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ege, İzmir, TÜRKIYE
Aziz Sancar, Deparment of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
Praveen Sharma, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, INDIA
Emin Sofic, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVIA
Eser Sözmen, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ege, İzmir, TÜRKIYE
Sedef Yenice, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Group Florence Nightingale Hospitals, İstanbul, TÜRKIYE

EDITORIAL OFFICE
Heike Jahnke
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Genthiner Str. 13
10785 Berlin
Germany
E-mail: Heike.Jahnke@degruyter.com

(Deutsch)

Print ISSN: 0250-4685
Type: Journal
Language: English
Publisher: De Gruyter
First published: January 1, 1976
Publication Frequency: 6 Issues per Year
Audience: researchers in chemistry, physics, engineering, pharmacology, molecular biology, biomedicine, and clinicians, addressing recipients in academic, industrial, and regulatory environments, the informed public and policymakers.