Published by De Gruyter

Volume 29 Issue 11-12

Issue of Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C

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Journal Overview

Open Access June 2, 2014

Das allenische Carotinoid Deepoxineoxanthin/ The Allenic Carotenoid Deepoxineoxanthin

Helfried Nitsche

Page range: 657-660b

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Abstract

Deepoxineoxanthin, the epoxide-free homologue of neoxanthin, is synthesised in the petals of Mimulus guttatus (Monkey flower). The pigment is esterified with various fatty acids. The free pigment has the structure of 6′,7′-didehydro-5′,6′-hydro-β,β^-carotene-3,3′,5′-triol. These structural conclusions were borne out by the formation of a diacetate (2-sec OH), a mono-silanate of the diacetate (1-tert OH) and a mono-ether of the diacetate and the free pigment (allylic tert OH). PMR, mass and IR spectra supported the proposed structure, which was confirmed by the trans formation of deepoxineoxanthin into diatoxanthin with acidified acetone (allene-acetylene transformation) and its oxidation to neoxanthin with monoperphthalic acid.

Open Access June 2, 2014

Anreicherung der Leber-N-Acetyltransferase durch präparative Polyacrylamidgel-Elektrophorese und Bestimmung des Molekulargewichts /Purification of Human Liver Serotonin-/Isoniazid-N-Acetyltransferase by Preparative Polyacrylamidgel-Electrophoresis and Determination of Molecular Weight

Ernst Schulte, Werner Schloot, H. Werner Goedde

Page range: 661-666

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Abstract

Human liver N-acetyltransferase was purified by means of column chromatography on Sephadex G-100 (18 fold; yield: 60-70%) and preparative disc electrophoresis (40 fold; yield: 95 - 100%). A separation of the hypothetical “serotonin-N-acetyltransferase” and “INH-N-acetyltransferase” on the basis of a possible difference of the charge of the proteins could not be achieved (disc electrophoresis). Thus the assumption is confirmed that INH and Serotonin are substrates of one enzyme. The activity of N-acetyltransferase can be stabilized by adding thioglycolate, 2-mercaptoethanol, and cysteine. In some cases an activation of 100 to 200% could be observed. A molecular weight of about 26 500 was determined by the method of column chromatography on Sephadex as well as by calculating the sedimentation coefficient. Enzymes prepared by different procedures showed similar Kм-values.

Open Access June 2, 2014

Charge-Transfer Interactions between Nucleobases and Metal Ions: ESR and Optical Absorption Studies

Wolfgang Lohmann, Max Hillerbrand, Max Klenert

Page range: 667-671

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Abstract

The charge-transfer interaction of different nucleobases with Cu 2+ has been investigated by means of ESR and optical absorption studies. It could be shown that cytosine forms the strongest complex. The greatest reduction of Cu 2+ (that is, spin concentration) was obtained, however, with adenine. Based on these results the following order for the electron donor strength of the nucleobases has been obtained: Ade>Cyt>Thy>Ura.

Open Access June 2, 2014

Studies on Purine-Pyrimidine Hydrogen Bonded Base Pairing by Means of Absorption and Emission Spectroscopy

Wanda Wagner, Maria Zaborowska, Wlodzimierz Puzyna, David Shugar

Page range: 672-679

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Abstract

Procedures are described for measurement of association constants between potentially complementary purine and pyrimidine bases by hydrogen bonding in non-aqueous medium by means of absorption and emission spectroscopy. The methods require that one of the two constituents be fluorescent and exhibit a long wavelength absorption band not, or only partially, overlapped by the second constituent. The foregoing has been applied to measurements of the association constants, and other parameters, of hydrogen-bonded complexes of 2-aminopurine with 1-substituted uracil, thymine and barbital in chloroform solution, both in the ground and excited states. It was established that the 1:1 hydrogen-bonded base pairs 2-aminopurine : 1-cyclohexyluracil and 2-amino purine: 1-octylthymine maintain the ground-state equilibrium during the life time of the excited state, whereas for the corresponding pair 2-aminopurine: 1-methylbarbital this equilibrium is per turbed on excitation. The influence of N-alkylation of the 2-aminopurine residue on base-pairing with the pyrimidines has also been examined. The results are compared with those obtained by other methods. The specific advantages of the procedures employed, and their possible applications to studies on the behaviour of fluorescent residues in polynucleotides, are discussed.

Open Access June 2, 2014

The Dephosphorylation of Adenosine 5′ -Triphosphate in a Binary and Ternary Zn²⁺ Complex

Hydrolysis of Nucleoside Phosphates, III

Peter Amsler, David Buisson, Helmut Sigel

Page range: 680-682

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Abstract

The dephosphorylation of ATP was characterized by determining the dependence of the first-order rate constant on pH in the absence and presence of Zn 2+ and together with Zn 2+ and 2,2′-bipyridyl. The Zn 2+ -accelerated reaction passes through a pH optimum at about 8. The decrease in the rate at higher pH is due to the formation of Zn(ATP) (OH) 3- ; this species is relatively insensitive towards dephosphorylation. It is concluded that Zn(ATP) 2- is the reactive species and that the interaction between N (7) and Zn 2+ in this complex is crucial for its reactivity. In the presence of 2,2′-bipyridyl (Bipy) the ternary complex, Zn (Bipy) (ATP) 2- , is formed which is rather stable towards dephosphorylation. It is suggested that the described effects of acceleration and inhibition are helpful for understanding the recycled processes in nature.

Open Access June 2, 2014

Cluster Orbital Theory Based on Mössbauer Effect Investigations of the (Iron)₄-Sulfur Clusters of Clostridium pasteurianum Ferredoxin

Hermann Eicher, Fritz Parak, Ludwig Bogner, Klaus Gersonde

Page range: 683-691

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Abstract

A cluster orbital theory is developed, which allows the calculation of Mössbauer spectra of oxidized and reduced ferredoxin of Clostridium pasteurianum under the conditions of low tempera ture (4.2 K) and high external magnetic field (H ex >̃ 1T) . The calculations are based on the symmetry properties of the problem and the way in which these symmetries are reflected in the (iron) 4 -sulfur cluster wave function. The assumed cubic T d symmetry of the cluster implies an isotropic interaction with the applied external magnetic field, where the average g-tensor is taken to be g -1.944 in accordance with ESR results. The magnetic hyperfine interaction of the cluster electrons with the magnetic dipole moments of the iron nuclei is defined by two parameters ϰ and ϱ reflecting trigonal point symmetry C3 V of each iron site. These parameters are determined by a least squares fit of the experimental Mössbauer spectrum of reduced ferredoxin at 4.2 K and H ext = 2 T. In correspondence with the theory, ϰ and ϱ have been proved to be independent of H ext . Despite neglecting small deviations from T d and C3 V point symmetry of the center of the cluster and the iron sites, respectively, theory and experiments are in reasonable good agreement.

Open Access June 2, 2014

Ripples in Tilted Bilayers and Lyotropic Smectics

W Helfrich

Page range: 692-693

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Abstract

The elastic theory of tilted lyotropic smectics and single tilted bilayers is extended to include internal twist of the bilayers. The coupling of internal twist to layer curvature offer an explanation for the corrugation or ripples displayed by these structures.

Open Access June 2, 2014

Mobility of Chloroplast Coupling Factor 1 (CF₁) at the Thylakoid Surface as Revealed by Freeze-Etching after Antibody Labelling

Richard Berzborn, Friedrich Kopp, Kurt Mühlethaler

Page range: 694-699

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Abstract

Freeze-Etching Freeze-fracturing and 60 sec deep-etching of isolated chloroplast thylakoid systems exposed large areas of the outer surface (matrix side) of the thylakoids. If the thylakoid systems were first treated with antisera against chloroplast coupling factor 1 (CF 1 ), the 14 nm particles at the outer surface appeared aggregated. Between clusters these particles were absent. Since there is no change in the number of particles/area after treatment with antibodies, it is concluded that the 14 nm particles are mobile within the surface of the thylakoid. The antisera contained only antibodies against CF 1 ; therefore the 14 nm particles at the outer surface are identified to be CF 1 . The implication of a mobile ATP-synthetase (CF 1 ) for the mechanisms of photophosphorylation is discussed.

Open Access June 2, 2014

De novo Synthesis of Glucose-6-Phosphate- (E.C. 1.1.1.49) and 6-Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase (E.C. 1.1.1.44) in Plant Storage Tissue Slices

Günter Kahl

Page range: 700-704

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Abstract

Resting potato tuber tissue possesses only faint activity of the two dehydrogenases of the oxidative pentose phosphate cycle, glucose-6-phosphate- and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase. Slicing of the tissue, however, greatly enhances the action of both enzymes. The slicing-induced increase in activity is a consequence of intensified action of at least 5 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase isozymes and a more differentiated activation/inactivation of seven 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase isozymes. Using density labelling and isopycnic equilibrium centrifugation it could be demonstrated, that the bulk of both enzymes appearing after slicing the tissue is the result of de novo synthesis rather than activation of pre-existing proenzymes.

Open Access June 2, 2014

Studies on the Effect of Diphenylcarbazide in Isolated Chloroplasts from Spinach

Götz Harnischfeger

Page range: 705-709

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Abstract

The influence of diphenylcarbohydrazide (DPC) on electron transport parameters of chloroplasts was studied through the use of hypotonically disintegrated plastids in various states of membrane disarray. The observation that DPC acts as donator for PS II when the natural source becomes inefficient was confirmed. Contrary to prior contentions oxygen evolution is not diminished upon addition of DPC. A definite though transient influence of DPC on the pigment system was detected. At a certain state of structural disarray DPC increases the quantum yield and electron transport efficiency through PS II, while simultaneously decreasing the activity of PS I. The effect is not based on addition or removal of individual pigments to the pigment complexes. The analysis of light intensity curves and fluorescence kinetics suggest a better migration of trapped light to open reaction centers. The results are discussed for possible implications on the analysis of the oxygen evolving system as well as on spillover mechanisms.

Open Access June 2, 2014

Ethylene Production by Isolated Chloroplasts

E Elstner, J Konze

Page range: 710-716

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Abstract

Isolated chloroplast lamellae from spinach or sugar-beet leaves produce ethylene from methylmercaptopropanal (MMP) or 2-keto-4-methylmercaptobutyrate (KMB) in the light. The pH-optimum for ethylene production from M M P is 6.3; ethylene production from KMB has an apparent pH-optimum at about pH 5. Ethylene formation in red light (90 kerg ·cm -2 -sec -1 ) from the above substrates is stimulated by ferredoxin and inhibited by either DCMU (10 -5 м), ferredoxin together with NADP, catalase, superoxide dismutase or under anaerobic conditions. From the inhibition by either DCMU, NADP or anaerobic conditions it is concluded, that an intact electron transport system from water as electron donor to oxygen as electron acceptor is necessary for ethylene form ation. H 2 O 2 alone does not stimulate ethylene formation from M M P or KMB. Inhibition by both catalase and superoxide dismutase support the view, that ethylene formation from M M P or KMB is driven by the OH-radical, which is formed from H 2 O 2 and the superoxide free radical ion. The presented data suggest that in addition to ferredoxin another membrane-bound factor is involved in photosynthetic oxygen reduction and ethylene formation. This factor (ORF = oxygen reducing factor) stimulates photosynthetic oxygen reduction in the presence of ferredoxin yielding H 2 O 2 , in addition to O 2 .- , which is the product of the autooxidation of reduced ferredoxin. During photosynthetic ethylene formation from MMP or KMB, the production of the OH-radical from H 2 O 2 and O2 .- according to H 2 O 2 + O 2 ·- → OH · +OH - +O 2 (Haber and Weiss, Proc. Roy. Soc. Ser. A 147, 332 [1934], Beauchamp and Fridovich, J. Biol. Chem. 245, 4641 [1970]) seems to be the rate-limiting step.

Open Access June 2, 2014

Gravitational Stimulations Inhibit Oscillatory Growth Movements of Plants

Anders Johnsson

Page range: 717-724

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Abstract

Spontaneous oscillatory growth movements around (or across) the plumb line occur in young sunflower seedlings. The period is about 2.5 h. When such plants are tilted 90° and continuously rotated around their axis with a speed of 0.5 rpm, the oscillatory spontaneous movements cease. The findings are interpreted as supporting a previously published model for gravitationally induced plant movements.

Open Access June 2, 2014

The Inhibition of Photosynthetic Electron Transport by DBMIB and its Restoration by p-Phenylenediamines; Studied by Means of Prompt and Delayed Chlorophyll Fluorescence of Green Algae

Robert Bauer, Mathijs J. G. Wijnands

Page range: 725-732

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Abstract

The effect of the plastohydroquinone antagonist dibromothym oquinone (DBMIB) on photosynthetic electron transport reactions was studied in the presence and absence of p-phenylene-diamines by means of measurements of prompt and delayed chlorophyll fluorescence induction of the green alga Scenedesm us obliquus. Prompt and delayed chlorophyll fluorescence induction phenomena are valid indicators for the native presence of and cooperation between the two photosynthetic light reactions. Their kinetics reflect the balancing of electron exchange reactions in the chain of coupled redox-systems between the two photosystems upon sudden illumination. From distinct alterations of the short-term (sec) light induced changes in the yield of prom pt and delayed chlorophyll fluorescence it is concluded that DBMIB inhibits the photosynthetic electron transport in the chain of redox-systems between the two light reactions. There is evidence to show that upon illumination of DBMIB treated cells only the reduction of primary electron acceptor pools of photosystem II (i. e. Q and PQ) is still possible. After their reduction the further electron transport through photosystem II is blocked. The addition of p-phenylenediamines to DBM IB-treated cells abolishes the typical DBMIB-affected prom pt and delayed fluorescence inhibition curves and the normal induction curves re appear qualitatively in all their important features. From these measurements it is suggested that the redox properties of p-phenylenediamines allow an electron transport bypass of the DBMIB inhibition site which results in a fully restored photosynthetic electron transport from water to NADP.

Open Access June 2, 2014

Isolation and Characterization of Mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Auxotrophic and Conditionally Auxotrophic for 5′ -dTMP

Martin Brendel, Wolfgang W. Fäth

Page range: 733-738

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Abstract

An improved method for isolation of yeast m utants auxotrophic for 5′-dTM P is presented. The procedure employs the two folic acid antagonists am inopterin and sulfanilam ide (SAA). Selectiveness of the procedure depends on concentration of SAA and time of incubation. 44 mutants auxotrophic and 3 conditionally auxotrophic for 5′-dTMP were isolated. All belong to one complementation group. The corresponding gene was designated TMP1. Tetrad dissection revealed its chromosomal nature. TMP1 is not closely linked to the genes ADE2,, LEU1, ARG 4, ILV2, HIS5, LYS1 and the mating type locus. With the centromere-linked genes ARG4 and LEU1 I gene TMP1 exhibited second division segregation frequencies of 0.42 and 0.53 respectively, indicative of centromere-linkage. Strains auxotrophic and conditionally auxotrophic for 5′-dTM P were all respiratory deficient (petite). Genetical analysis indicates that the petite phenotype is due to loss of the rho factor in cells harbouring either tmp1 or tmp1 ts alleles.

Open Access June 2, 2014

The Influence of Wingbeat Synchronous Feedback on the Motor Output Systems in Flies

Gerhard Heide

Page range: 739-744

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Abstract

Action potentials have been recorded from fibrillar and from non-fibrillar flight muscles of tethered flying flies (Calliphora erythrocephala and Musca domestica). Analyses of the spike-trains from the fibrillar muscles reveal a clear preference of the spikes to appear at a special phase with respect to the wingbeat cycle. This holds true even in cases of experimentally changed motor output patterns. There seems to be some kind of wingbeat-synchronous feedback which influences the output system phasically. Crosscorrelations between spike-trains from the fibrillar muscles on the one hand and the non-fibrillar muscles on the other give evidence that there are strong interactions between the output producing neurons of both systems with at least one inhibitory pathway.

Open Access June 2, 2014

Dependence of Potassium Ion and Sodium Ion Exchange on Light in the Crayfish Retina

H Stieve, T Malinowska, D Sonnemann

Page range: 745-753

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Abstract

The exchange (release resp. uptake) of K + , Rb + , and Na + ions in the isolated retina of the crayfish Astacus leptodactylus with the surrounding medium was measured using flame photometry and radioisotopic techniques. 1. The net release of K + into a Na + and K + free, choline containing medium, as measured by means of flame photometry, is increased by illumination. 2. The release of 86 Rb + , used as an indicator for K + , in retinas preloaded with the radioisotope is also increased during the period of illumination. 3. The net release of Na + into a Na + and K + free medium containing choline, as measured by means of flame photometry, is decreased by illumination. 4. The 22 Na+ uptake of the retina is increased by illumination. The increase is greater after an illumination period of 20 min than after one of 2 min. 5. The uptake of 22 Na + of the retina in the dark is increased when the retina has been previously poisoned by ouabain. 6. The results of these experiments are in agreement with the assumption that: a. Na + - ions are the main carrier of the inward current causing the depolarizing receptor potential of Astacus photoreceptor cell membranes and b. the repolarization is caused by a corresponding outflow of K + -ions.

Open Access June 2, 2014

A Comparison of the Methods of Molt Staging According to Drach and to Adelung in the Common Shore Crab, Carcinus maenas

Klaus-Dieter Spindler, Dieter Adelung, Catherine Tchernigovtzeff

Page range: 754-756

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Abstract

Molt stages of juvenile Carcinus maenas were determined independently according to the methods of Drach and of Adelung. With the exception of stage DO the two systems agree rather well over the whole intermolt cycle. The molting hormone contents of animals regenerating several lim bs and whose molt stages were determined according to Drach are in the same range as the values published by Adelung.

Open Access June 2, 2014

Evidence of the Juvenile Hormone Methyl(2E,6E)-10,11-epoxy- 3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6-dodecadienoate(JH-3) in Insects of Four Orders

K. H. Trautmann, P. Masner, A. Schuler, M. Suchý, H.-K. Wipf

Page range: 757-759

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Abstract

With the help of radioactive dilution analysis allowing the qualitative and quantitative determination of all three presently known juvenile hormones (JH-1 to 3) the following seven species of four orders were investigated in the adult stage: Coleoptera: Tenebrio molitor, Leptinotarsa decemlineata; Orthoptera: Schistocerca gregaria; Blattodea: Blatta orientalis, Leucophaea maderae, Nauphoeta cinerea; Hymenoptera: Apis mellifera. In all these species of the 3 known juvenile hormones only m ethyl (2E ,6E)-10,11-epoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6-dodecadienoate (JH-3) was found, in an amount of 0.5 to 11 ng per gram of body weight. The results of the chemical analyses were confirmed biologically by the Galleria wax test. The results demonstrate the wide spread occurrence of JH-3 in insects of different orders.

Open Access June 2, 2014

Einfluß von Serum auf die Eliminierung von Phospholipiden aus embryonalen Rattenfibroblasten in Kultur /Influence of Serum on the Release of Phospholipids from Embryonic Rat Cells in Culture

Hans-Jiirgen Ristow, Heinz Pachowsky, Werner Frank

Page range: 760-766

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Abstract

The phospholipids of embryonic rat fibroblasts in tissue culture have been labelled with [ 3 H] (myo) inositol, [ 3 H] choline, [ 3 H] glycerol and inorganic 32 P , respectively. After 24 hours in serum-free medium the cells have been triggered by fetal calf serum or by a mixture of the growth-stimulating serum proteins S1 and S2, and the phospholipids were examined. 1. Up to 15 - 20 percent of total radioactivity are eliminated from the phospholipid fraction during 30 min after stimulation, when the cells have been prelabelled with [ 3 H ]inositol; within 2 hours, however, the original value is restored. When the cells are prelabelled with 32 P, the radio activity also decreases, but in contrast to the experiments with [ 3 H] inositol it remains low. From this result one must conclude that part of the PI in the membranes is broken down after stimula tion, and that the inosit moity is reutilized for newly synthesized PI. After stimulation, a small amount of labelled PI is also found in the culture medium . 2. The elimination of radioactivity does not exclusively take place in phase. It can also be demonstrated with cells in S after removal of serum for one hour and readdition. 3. The loss of radioactivity cannot be demonstrated when the cells are triggered by dialysed fetal calf serum or by the serum factors S1 and S2. Examination of the dialysate revealed phosphatidvlinositol as compound which necessarily must be present for the elimination process after stimulation. This elimination process is also demonstrable if the biosynthesis of PI is blocked by gamma-or delta-hexachlorocyclohexane, whereas the beta derivative is completely ineffective.

Open Access June 2, 2014

The Effect of the Chronic Administration of D-Amphetamine upon Circadian Changes in Amino Acids in the Pineal and Pituitary Glands of the Rat

B. E. Leonard, V Neuhoff, Sally Tonge

Page range: 767-772

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Abstract

The formation of dansyl derivatives of amino acids, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and histamine and their separation on polyamide plates provided a reliable and sensitive method for studying circadian changes in single pineal and pituitary glands of the rat. There appears to be no correlation between the circadian changes in concentrations of these substances in the pineal and pituitary glands. Chronically administered D-amphetamine altered the circadian rhythms of 5-amino acids in the pituitary, including the putative transmitters taurine, glycine and glutamate; in the pineal gland only the rhythmical changes of lysine and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were affected.

Open Access June 2, 2014

Plasma Prostaglandins of the E and F Series in Rabbits during Fever Induced by Newcastle Disease Virus, E. coli-Endotoxin, or Endogenous Pyrogen

W Philipp-Dormston, R Siegert

Page range: 773-776

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Abstract

Prostaglandins of the E and F series in rabbit plasma were estimated by radioimmunoassay after chromatographic separation during fever following the intravenous injection of Newcastle disease virus, E. coli-endotoxin, or endogenous pyrogen. Although concentrations of prostaglandins from both series are increased considerably by the three pyrogens, there seemed to be no correlation between prostaglandin concentrations in plasma and body temperature. These findings were supported by the fact, that after the injection of tritiated prostaglandin E 1 into the carotid arteries of normal or feverish animals no radioactivity was detectable in cerebrospinal fluid. The enhanced prostaglandin concentrations in plasma night be responsible for various pathological effects observed during fever such as diarrhoea and abortion.

Open Access June 2, 2014

Notizen: Improved 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine, Thin Layer Chromatography Methods for the Determination of Micro- and Macroamounts of Ascorbic Acid

A. Navon, H. Z. Levinson

Page range: 777-780

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Abstract

Microamounts of vitamin C could be readily determined in 20 μl-samples using the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine method together with separation by thin layer chromatography. The condensation reaction was carried out for 5 min at 100 °C on a glass fibre disc. Purification of vitamin C hydrazones was accomplished by repeated separation on TLC plates. An aqueous solution of 65% acetic acid was employed to dissolve the vitamin C hydrazones, providing maximal absorbance at 500 nm. The minimum amount detectable by this method is 0.4 μg of dehydroascorbic acid. The macrodetermination of vitamin C was improved by simplifying a previous method and employing 65% aqueous acetic acid as a solvent for the hydrazones.

Open Access June 2, 2014

Notizen: Sex Pheromone of Lobesia botrana : (E,Z)-7,9-Dodecadienyl Acetate in the Female Grape Vine Moth

Hans-Rudolf Buser, Stefan Rauscher, Heinrich Arn

Page range: 781-783

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Abstract

Mass spectrometry in combination with high resolution gas chromatography were used to demonstrate the presence of (E,Z) -7,9-dodecadienyl acetate in Lobesia botrana females. The data indicate that this male attractant is a natural sex pheromone of the grapevine moth.

Open Access June 2, 2014

Notizen: Pilzpigmente, XXII Grevillin D, der Hauptfarbstoff von Suillus granulatus, S.luteus und S.placidus (Boletales)/ Pigments of Fungi, XXII Grevillin D, the Main Pigment of Suillus granulatus, S. luteus and S. placidus (Boletales)

Helmut Besl, Ilona Michler, Regina Preuß, Wolfgang Steglich

Page range: 784-786

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Abstract

The new pyrone derivative grevillin D (3) has been isolated from several Suillus species. Its structure has been established by spectral data, taking advantage of large pyridine solvent shifts in the 1 H-N M R spectrum . 3 may be derived biogenetically from grevillin B (1) via an oxidative rearrangement.

Open Access June 2, 2014

Notizen: Aktive, rhythmische Ventilation des Geruchs organs bei Stachelaalen (Mastacem belidae) /Active, Rhythmical Ventilation of the Olfactory Chamber in Mastacembelid Fishes

Arthur Holl

Page range: 787-789

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Abstract

The mode of the olfactory ventilation in fishes of the family Mastacembelidae - tested experimentally - was found to be of an active type, depending on gill-and mandibular movements as well as on the unique structure of the nasal organ itself. This mechanism (sniffling) conditions high performance of olfactory information.

Open Access June 2, 2014

Notizen: Spezifische Verbindungsstrukturen der Faserzellen von Trichoplax adhaerens F. E. Schulze/Special Connecting Structures between Fiber Cells of Trichoplax adhaerens F. E. Schulze

F Schulze, F Schulze, Karl Grell, Gertrud Benwitz

Page range: 790-790b

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Abstract

In the primitive metazoan, Trichoplax adhaerens, the fiber cells are responsible for the change of shape. Electron microscopy reveals connections between protoplasmic strands of neighbouring cells marked by an osmiophilic disc-like structure. Possible functions are discussed.

Open Access June 2, 2014

Subject Index

Page range: 791-806

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Open Access June 2, 2014

Authors Index

Page range: 807-810

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About this journal

Objective

A Journal of Biosciences: Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C (ZNC) is an international scientific journal and a community resource for the emerging field of natural and natural-like products.

The journal publishes original research on the isolation (including structure elucidation), bio-chemical synthesis and bioactivities of natural products, their biochemistry, pharmacology, biotechnology, and their biological activity and innovative developed computational methods for predicting the structure and/or function of natural products.

A Journal of Biosciences: Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C (ZNC) welcomes research papers in fields on the chemistry-biology boundary which address scientific ideas and approaches to generate and understand natural compounds on a molecular level and/or use them to stimulate and manipulate biological processes.

Topics

Bio-chemical synthesis and bioactivities of natural products
Isolation (including structure elucidation)
Biochemistry
Biotechnology
Pharmacology
Chemistry
Biology

Article formats

Original research articles, research notes, letters and review articles

Please have a look at the call for papers for two upcoming Special Issues:

Special Issue on CAZymes

Special Issue on Chitin Structures and Pathways as Targets for Biopesticides and Drugs

Volume 29 Issue 11-12

Issue of Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C

Das allenische Carotinoid Deepoxineoxanthin/ The Allenic Carotenoid Deepoxineoxanthin

Abstract

Anreicherung der Leber-N-Acetyltransferase durch präparative Polyacrylamidgel-Elektrophorese und Bestimmung des Molekulargewichts /Purification of Human Liver Serotonin-/Isoniazid-N-Acetyltransferase by Preparative Polyacrylamidgel-Electrophoresis and Determination of Molecular Weight

Abstract

Charge-Transfer Interactions between Nucleobases and Metal Ions: ESR and Optical Absorption Studies

Abstract

Studies on Purine-Pyrimidine Hydrogen Bonded Base Pairing by Means of Absorption and Emission Spectroscopy

Abstract

The Dephosphorylation of Adenosine 5′ -Triphosphate in a Binary and Ternary Zn2+ Complex

Hydrolysis of Nucleoside Phosphates, III

Abstract

Cluster Orbital Theory Based on Mössbauer Effect Investigations of the (Iron)4-Sulfur Clusters of Clostridium pasteurianum Ferredoxin

Abstract

Ripples in Tilted Bilayers and Lyotropic Smectics

Abstract

Mobility of Chloroplast Coupling Factor 1 (CF1) at the Thylakoid Surface as Revealed by Freeze-Etching after Antibody Labelling

Abstract

De novo Synthesis of Glucose-6-Phosphate- (E.C. 1.1.1.49) and 6-Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase (E.C. 1.1.1.44) in Plant Storage Tissue Slices

Abstract

Studies on the Effect of Diphenylcarbazide in Isolated Chloroplasts from Spinach

Abstract

Ethylene Production by Isolated Chloroplasts

Abstract

Gravitational Stimulations Inhibit Oscillatory Growth Movements of Plants

Abstract

The Inhibition of Photosynthetic Electron Transport by DBMIB and its Restoration by p-Phenylenediamines; Studied by Means of Prompt and Delayed Chlorophyll Fluorescence of Green Algae

Abstract

Isolation and Characterization of Mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Auxotrophic and Conditionally Auxotrophic for 5′ -dTMP

Abstract

The Influence of Wingbeat Synchronous Feedback on the Motor Output Systems in Flies

Abstract

Dependence of Potassium Ion and Sodium Ion Exchange on Light in the Crayfish Retina

Abstract

A Comparison of the Methods of Molt Staging According to Drach and to Adelung in the Common Shore Crab, Carcinus maenas

Abstract

Evidence of the Juvenile Hormone Methyl(2E,6E)-10,11-epoxy- 3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6-dodecadienoate(JH-3) in Insects of Four Orders

Abstract

Einfluß von Serum auf die Eliminierung von Phospholipiden aus embryonalen Rattenfibroblasten in Kultur /Influence of Serum on the Release of Phospholipids from Embryonic Rat Cells in Culture

Abstract

The Effect of the Chronic Administration of D-Amphetamine upon Circadian Changes in Amino Acids in the Pineal and Pituitary Glands of the Rat

Abstract

Plasma Prostaglandins of the E and F Series in Rabbits during Fever Induced by Newcastle Disease Virus, E. coli-Endotoxin, or Endogenous Pyrogen

Abstract

Notizen: Improved 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine, Thin Layer Chromatography Methods for the Determination of Micro- and Macroamounts of Ascorbic Acid

Abstract

Notizen: Sex Pheromone of Lobesia botrana : (E,Z)-7,9-Dodecadienyl Acetate in the Female Grape Vine Moth

Abstract

Notizen: Pilzpigmente, XXII Grevillin D, der Hauptfarbstoff von Suillus granulatus, S.luteus und S.placidus (Boletales)/ Pigments of Fungi, XXII Grevillin D, the Main Pigment of Suillus granulatus, S. luteus and S. placidus (Boletales)

Abstract

Notizen: Aktive, rhythmische Ventilation des Geruchs­ organs bei Stachelaalen (Mastacem belidae) /Active, Rhythmical Ventilation of the Olfactory Chamber in Mastacembelid Fishes

Abstract

Notizen: Spezifische Verbindungsstrukturen der Faserzellen von Trichoplax adhaerens F. E. Schulze/Special Connecting Structures between Fiber Cells of Trichoplax adhaerens F. E. Schulze

Abstract

Subject Index

Authors Index

The Dephosphorylation of Adenosine 5′ -Triphosphate in a Binary and Ternary Zn²⁺ Complex

Cluster Orbital Theory Based on Mössbauer Effect Investigations of the (Iron)₄-Sulfur Clusters of Clostridium pasteurianum Ferredoxin

Mobility of Chloroplast Coupling Factor 1 (CF₁) at the Thylakoid Surface as Revealed by Freeze-Etching after Antibody Labelling

Notizen: Aktive, rhythmische Ventilation des Geruchs organs bei Stachelaalen (Mastacem belidae) /Active, Rhythmical Ventilation of the Olfactory Chamber in Mastacembelid Fishes