Published by Klaus Schwarz Verlag

Studies on Modern Orient

Formerly "Studien zum Modernen Orient".

Overview
Volumes

Edition Klaus Schwarz

The series Studies on Modern Orient provides an overview of religious, political and social phenomena in modern and contemporary Muslim societies. The volumes not only cover Near and Middle Eastern countries, but explore Islam and Muslim cultures in other regions of the world as well, such as Europe and the United States. The series Studies on Modern Orient was founded in 2010 by Klaus Schwarz Verlag.

Topics

Book 2023

Reading Revolutionary Iran

The Worldview of the Islamic Republic's Religio-Political Elite

Ze'ev Maghen

Volume 46 in this series

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The burden of this book is twofold. The first half is charged with identifying and critiquing the many prejudices and misconceptions that inform popular – and even scholarly – perceptions of Islam and Iran, those rooted in neo-conservative hostility no less than those arising out of pro-regime apologetics or (what we will argue are) misleading "post-modern" methodologies. This is a key component of our overall investigation, both because the illusions occluding our view of the Islamic Republic are (we assert) piled so high and deep, and because setting the record straight on many a contentious issue is the most appropriate context for elucidating the positive positions of the revolutionary clerics. These last represent, perhaps more than anything else, the premier critics of Western civilization in our day, and their ideologies may therefore be best comprehended when placed in dialogue with, and in polemic against, the worldviews of that civilization (which in their own turn are often most profoundly understood when offset by their present-day Islamist nemeses). As noted above, it is not all contention: unexpected meeting points and congruities emerge, as well, when the activist Shi'ite clerics are placed in the same virtual room with their occidental counterweights.

The second half of the book deploys a large number of rarely tapped primary sources, both ancient and contemporary, in order to tease out the attitudes of the class of Muslim scholars recently and currently at the helm of the Iranian state in a variety of significant fields, including the role of religion in society, the relationship between democracy and theocracy, the modern Western Weltanschauung, the Sunni-Shi'i schism, and much more. Though the author parses, and provides background and context for, the myriad citations from these influential Muslim thinkers, the ultimate objective is to allow them to speak for themselves.

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111026183
ISBN:: 9783111026183
ISBN:: 9783111026220
ISBN:: 9783111018102
Subject:: Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies
Subject:: Politics
Subject:: Theology and Religion
Subject:: Islamic Studies
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book Ahead of Publication 2023

Portrayals of Women in Pakistan

An Analysis of Fahmīdah Riyāẓ’s Urdu Poetry

Réka Máté

Volume 45 in this series

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This monograph examines the connection between progressivism and feminist movements in the Indian subcontinent, scrutinizing shifting portrayals of women in Fahmīdah Riyāẓ’s poetry at the time of her writing from a historical perspective, and the historical, political, social and personal influences reflected in her work and life.

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.0000/9783110741094
ISBN:: 9783110741094
ISBN:: 9783110741209
ISBN:: 9783110740707
Subject:: History
Subject:: Historical Periods
Subject:: Modern History
Subject:: Topics in History
Subject:: Gender History
Subject:: Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies
Subject:: Language and Literature
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book Ahead of Publication 2023

The Diffusion of “Small” Western Technologies in the Middle East

Invention, Use and Need in the 19th and 20th Centuries

Uri M. Kupferschmidt

Volume 44 in this series

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In recent years we have become interested in the diffusion of “small” Western technologies in the countries of the Middle East during the 19th and 20th centuries, the era of Imperialism and first globalization. We postulated a contrast between “small” and “big” technologies. Under the latter category we may understand railway systems, electricity grids, telegraph networks, and steam navigation, imposed by foreign powers or installed by connected local entrepreneurs. But many “small” Western technologies, such as sewing machines, typewriters, pianos, eyeglasses, and similar consumer goods, which had been developed and manufactured in Europe and America, were wanted, and willingly acquired by the agency of individual users elsewhere. In a few cases, however, the inventions had to be adapted, or were overstepped, and even delayed. Some were adopted as social markers or status symbols only by elites who could afford them. Processes of adoption and diffusion therefore differed according to cultural settings, preferences, and needs. Social and cultural historians, and social scientists, not only of the Middle East, will find in this collection of essays a new approach to the impact of Western technological inventions on the Middle East.

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.0000/9783110777222
ISBN:: 9783110777222
ISBN:: 9783110777307
ISBN:: 9783110777192
Subject:: Asian and Pacific Studies
Subject:: Western Asia
Subject:: The Arab world
Subject:: History
Subject:: Topics in History
Subject:: Economic History
Subject:: Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies
Subject:: History
Subject:: Business and Economy
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book Open Access 2023

Translating the Language of the Syrian Revolution (2011/12)

Eylaf Bader Eddin

Volume 43 in this series

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While the Arab revolutions have obviously triggered extensive social and political changes, the far-reaching consequences of the cultural and discursive changes have yet to be adequately considered. For activists, researchers and journalists, the revolution was primarily a revolution in language; a break with the linguistic oppression and the rigidity of the old regimes. This break was accompanied by the emergence of new languages, which made it possible to inform, tell and translate the ongoing events and transformations. This language of the revolution was carried out into the world by competing voices from Syria (by local and foreign researchers, activists, and journalists). The core of this project is to find the various translations of the language of the Syrian revolution (2011 -2012) from Arabic to English to study and analyze. In addition, the discursive and non-discursive dimensions of the revolution are to be seen as another act of translation, including the language of the banners, slogans, graffiti, songs and their representation in English.

This research aims, in addition to contextualizing the language of the revolution, to demonstrate how this language was translated into English through three levels of translation. The first explores the context of translations from Arabic into English and examines three English books written about Syria. The second level sees translation as an act of importation into the dominant discourse and is exemplified with three books representing the revolutionary language. The third, and last, level looks at translation from the margin to the center, represented by activist translations from Arabic into English. The research tries to study how translations of the language of the Syrian revolution are reshaped after leaving their originating discourse and entering the English one

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.0000/9783110767698
ISBN:: 9783110767698
ISBN:: 9783110766653
ISBN:: 9783110767742
Subject:: History
Subject:: Regional and National History
Subject:: Arab World
Subject:: Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies
Subject:: Politics
Subject:: Language and Literature
Subject:: Linguistics and Semiotics
Subject:: Theoretical Frameworks and Disciplines
Subject:: Discourse Analysis
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book 2021

L’Oman contemporain

Aménagement du territoire et identité nationale

Thibaut Klinger

Volume 41 in this series

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Since 1970, Oman has taken up the challenge of shaping an "imagined community" and unifying an ancient territory that was torn apart in the past by secession or civil wars. Spatial planning has been at the heart of its policy, guided by a carefully defined national identity to broadly integrate the physical and human components of the country. With the integration into globalization and the emphasis on tourism to diversify the economy too dependent on hydrocarbons, the "national narrative" becomes a brand. What are the reciprocal effects of branding and spatial planning? Tourism particularly reveals these interactions but also the effects on the governance of the sultanate, while heritage plays a complex role, anchoring branding in a deep political project. The image of tolerance, a true "brand" of Oman in a regional environment of religious divisions, is clearly part of the country's territory, strongly associating branding and spatial planning.

Par l’étude approfondie d’Oman, proposant une géographie par l’image, l’ouvrage analyse l’aménagement du territoire comme outil majeur de la modernisation menée par le sultan Qabus, de 1970 à sa mort en 2020. Il met en évidence les ruptures mais aussi les continuités qui caractérisent l’urbanisme du pays, et les conséquences de l’insertion dans la mondialisation sur le type d’aménagements mis en œuvre sur le territoire.

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110748222
ISBN:: 9783110748222
ISBN:: 9783110747843
ISBN:: 9783110748291
Subject:: History
Subject:: Regional and National History
Subject:: Arab World
Subject:: Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies
Subject:: History
Subject:: Culture and Society
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book 2022

Stereotypisierungen des Muslimischen in deutschen und israelischen Medien

Narrative Rückspiegelungen in der Rezeption von Medienkunstprojekten

Charlotte Misselwitz

Volume 40 in this series

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This discourse analysis, which also utilizes the thought of Jacques Lacan, examines hermeneutically (and to a lesser extent quantitatively) narrative and emotional correlations between German and Israeli media. Three selected media art projects that take up stereotypes of Muslims open our eyes to the contradictions and complexes inherent to certain discourses through "narrative reflections" in the sense of "emotional argumentation."

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110751710
ISBN:: 9783110751710
ISBN:: 9783110751758
ISBN:: 9783110750690
Subject:: Cultural Studies
Subject:: Topics in Cultural Studies
Subject:: Religion
Subject:: Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies
Subject:: History
Subject:: Culture and Society
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book Ahead of Publication 2023

Essays on Modern Kurdish Literature

Alireza Korangy, Mahlagha Mortezaee

Volume 39 in this series

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Literature, images, and metaphor are often where most of a nation’s history are embedded. A study of modern Kurdish literature highlights a fealty to a rich literary past and a rich source of historiography. The articles in this volume address many facets of the literary in the Kurdish world: proverbs, feminist literature, and resistance in literary works, poetry, prose, etc. In the end, the volume offers a general paradigm of the complex literary framework of the Kurds, their continuous resistance for nationhood in their history, and their modern reinventing of the self. An overview of some of the works in modern Kurdish literature points to both asymmetry and commonality in comparative literary studies. These works highight the thematic reach in Kurdish literary studies.

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.0000/9783110634686
ISBN:: 9783110634686
ISBN:: 9783110631470
ISBN:: 9783110630039
Subject:: Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies
Subject:: Language and Literature
Subject:: Literary Studies
Subject:: Literature of other Nations and Languages
Subject:: Asian Literature
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book Open Access 2023

Branding the Middle East

Communication Strategies and Image Building from Qom to Casablanca

Steffen Wippel

Volume 38 in this series

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This edited volume investigates place, product and personal branding in the Middle East and North Africa, including some studies from adjacent regions and the wider Islamicate world. Going beyond simply presenting logos and slogans, it critically analyses processes of strategic communication and image building under general conditions of globalisation, neoliberalisation and postmodernisation and, in a regional perspective, of lasting authoritarian rule and increased endeavours for “worlding.” In particular, it looks at the multiple actors involved in branding activities, their interests and motives, and investigates tools, channels and forms of branding. A major interest exists in the entanglements of different spatial scales and in the (in)consistencies of communication measures. Attention is paid to reconfigurations of certain images over time and to the positioning of objects of branding in time and space. Historical case studies supplement the focus on contemporary branding efforts. While branding in the Western world and many emerging economies has been meticulously analysed, this edited volume fills an important gap in the research on MENA countries.

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.0000/9783110741100
ISBN:: 9783110741100
ISBN:: 9783110740622
ISBN:: 9783110741155
Subject:: Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies
Subject:: History
Subject:: Business and Economy
Subject:: Theology and Religion
Subject:: Islamic Studies
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book 2021

Moscheen in Bewegung

Interdisziplinäre Perspektiven auf muslimische Kultstätten der Migration

Ömer Alkin, Mehmet Bayrak, Rauf Ceylan

Volume 37 in this series

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In Germany, a difference is still made between inconspicuous "courtyard mosques" and visible "new mosque builds." What is meant are the religious places of worship visited by the Muslims who have been living in Germany for over half a century. It is time to put this distinction on the shelf. Muslims enter into complex pacts with their architecture. This book aims to make a contribution to an interdisciplinary understanding of those pacts.

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110668919
ISBN:: 9783110668919
ISBN:: 9783110668759
ISBN:: 9783110669084
Subject:: Architecture and Design
Subject:: Architecture
Subject:: History
Subject:: History
Subject:: Topics in History
Subject:: Cultural History
Subject:: Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies
Subject:: Religious Life
Subject:: Theology and Religion
Subject:: Islamic Studies
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book Open Access 2022

On the Way to the "(Un)Known"?

The Ottoman Empire in Travelogues (c. 1450-1900)

Doris Gruber, Arno Strohmeyer

Volume 36 in this series

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This volume brings together twenty-two authors from various countries who analyze travelogues on the Ottoman Empire between the fifteenth and nineteenth centuries. The travelogues reflect the colorful diversity of the genre, presenting the experiences of individuals and groups from China to Great Britain. The spotlight falls on interdependencies of travel writing and historiography, geographic spaces, and specific practices such as pilgrimages, the hajj, and the harem. Other points of emphasis include the importance of nationalism, the place and time of printing, representations of fashion, and concepts of masculinity and femininity. By displaying close, comparative, and distant readings, the volume offers new insights into perceptions of "otherness", the circulation of knowledge, intermedial relations, gender roles, and digital analysis.

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110698046
ISBN:: 9783110698046
ISBN:: 9783110698121
ISBN:: 9783110697605
Subject:: History
Subject:: Historical Periods
Subject:: Modern History
Subject:: Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies
Subject:: History
Subject:: Culture and Society
Subject:: Theology and Religion
Subject:: Religious Studies
Subject:: Islam
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book 2021

Human Rights Culture in Indonesia

Attacks on the Ahmadiyya Minority Group

Max Regus

Volume 35 in this series

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Drawing on human rights discourse and a study of the difficulties faced by religious minority groups (using the Ahmadiyya minority group as a case study), this book presents three interconnected challenges to human rights culture in Indonesia. First, it presents a normative challenge, describing the gap between philosophical and normative principles of human rights on one side and the overall problems and critical issues of human rights at national and local levels on the other. Second, it considers the political problems in developing and strengthening human rights culture. The political challenge addresses the ability (or inability) of the state to guarantee the rights of certain individuals and minority groups. Third, it examines the sociological challenge of majority-minority group relationships in human rights discourse and practices.

This book describes the background of human rights in Indonesia and reviews the previous literature on the issue. It also presents a comprehensive review of the discourses about human rights and political changes in contemporary Indonesia. The analysis focuses on how human rights challenges affect the situation of religious minorities, looking in particular at the Ahmadiyya as a minority group that experiences human rights violations such as discrimination, persecution, and violence. The study fills out its treatment of these issues by examining the involvement of actors both from the state and society, addressing also the politics of human rights protection.

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110696073
ISBN:: 9783110696073
ISBN:: 9783110693867
ISBN:: 9783110696110
Subject:: Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies
Subject:: Religious Groups
Subject:: Law
Subject:: Social Sciences
Subject:: Political Science
Subject:: Human Rights
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book 2021

Martyrdom, Mysticism and Dissent

The Poetry of the 1979 Iranian Revolution and the Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988)

Asghar Seyed-Gohrab

Volume 34 in this series

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This book is the first extensive research on the role of poetry during the Iranian Revolution (1979) and the Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988). How can poetry, especially peaceful medieval Sufi poems, be applied to exalt violence, to present death as martyrdom, and to process war traumas? Examining poetry by both Islamic revolutionary and established dissident poets, it demonstrates how poetry spurs people to action, even leading them to sacrifice their lives. The book's originality lies in fresh analyses of how themes such as martyrdom and violence, and mystical themes such as love and wine, are integrated in a vehemently political context, while showing how Shiite ritual such as the pilgrimage to Mecca clash with Saudi Wahhabi appreciations. A distinguishing quality of the book is its examination of how martyrdom was instilled in the minds of Iranians through poetry, employing Sufi themes, motifs and doctrines to justify death. Such inculcation proved effective in mobilising people to the front, ready to sacrifice their lives. As such, the book is a must for readers interested in Iranian culture and history, in Sufi poetry, in martyrdom and war poetry. Those involved with Middle Eastern Studies, Iranian Studies, Literary Studies, Political Philosophy and Religious Studies will benefit from this book.

"From his own memories and expert research, the author gives us a ravishing account of 'a poetry stained with blood, violence and death'. His brilliantly layered analysis of modern Persian poetry shows how it integrates political and religious ideology and motivational propaganda with age-old mystical themes for the most traumatic of times for Iran." (Alan Williams, Research Professor of Iranian Studies, University of Manchester)

"When Asghar Seyed Gohrab, a highly prolific academician, publishes a new book, you can be certain he has paid attention to an exciting and largely unexplored subject. Martyrdom, Mysticism and Dissent: The Poetry of the 1979 Iranian Revolution and the Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988) is no exception in the sense that he combines a few different cultural, religious, mystic, and political aspects of Iranian life to present a vivid picture and thorough analysis of the development and effect of what became known as the revolutionary poetry of the late 1970s and early 1980s. This time, he has even enriched his narrative by inserting his voice into his analysis. It is a thoughtful book and a fantastic read." (Professor Kamran Talattof, University of Arizona)

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110748734
ISBN:: 9783110748734
ISBN:: 9783111277141
ISBN:: 9783110748857
ISBN:: 9783110748598
Subject:: History
Subject:: Regional and National History
Subject:: Arab World
Subject:: Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies
Subject:: History
Subject:: Language and Literature
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book 2020

Die Schia im Iran und Libanon

Historische Verbindungen zwischen Balkh und Baalbek, Khorasan und Dschabal Amil

Gabriele Dold-Ghadar

Volume 33 in this series

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Wie iranisch ist die Schia wirklich? Die Autorin untersucht die historische, politische, soziokulturelle und religiöse Ausgangssituation, die Genese und Entwicklung der Schia im Iran und Libanon sowie Ereignisse, Traditionen und Persönlichkeiten, die, insbesondere unter dem Aspekt des Gelehrtenaustausches, als Bindeglieder zwischen beiden Ländern gelten können. Bereits in vorislamischer Zeit bestehende Kontakte zwischen dem vormals zoroastrisch geprägten Iran und der byzantinischen Levante werden beleuchtet, ebenso der besonders im 16. Jahrhundert und bis in unsere Tage anhaltende Austausch von kulturellem und politischem Gedankengut sowie die gegenseitige politische, religiöse und intellektuelle »Entwicklungshilfe«. Der Streit um die ethnische Zuordnung der Schia wird seiner Grundlage beraubt: Ohne islamische Geschichte mit ihrem Ursprung auf der Arabischen Halbinsel kein Schisma, das sich aus den Nachfolgestreitigkeiten nach dem Tod des Propheten formierte und sich von dort als oppositionelle Bewegung in den Irak, ans Mittelmeer und in den Iran fortpflanzte, wo sie sich in einer langen und turbulenten Entwicklung zu der Schia entwickelte, die sie heute ist. Vor diesem Hintergrund können aktuelle Ereignisse und Entwicklungen objektiver eingeordnet werden; und so wird schließlich nachvollziehbar, wer und was die Hizbollah ist.

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112209462
ISBN:: 9783112209462
ISBN:: 9783879974887
Subject:: Theology and Religion
Subject:: General Topics and Biblical Reception
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book 2020

Islam in the Niger Delta 1890-2017

A Synthesis of the Accounts of Indigenes and Migrants

Egodi Uchendu

Volume 32 in this series

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What intersections lie between late nineteenth century elephant hunting in some parts of West Africa and the expansion of Islam in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria in the twenty-first century? Egodi Uchendu explores this symbiosis, among other themes, in her latest monograph. Through participant observation and focus group discussion in addition to employing a wide spectrum of secondary and oral sources from numerous, well-informed interviewees in the study area, Uchendu investigates the emergence and spread of Islam in the Niger Delta. Her documentation of Islam's dissemination in Akwa Ibom, Bayelsa, Cross River and Rivers States is unique as historical studies on predominantly Christian areas in Eastern Nigeria have primarily been focused on Igboland. Uchendu's work not only explores subaltern and gendered perspectives of Islam in the four states mentioned, but also her reproduction of large portions and sometimes, entire narratives from face-to-face interviews provide a rich tapestry of events and a more lucid treatise of the subject matter. In addition, the clear explanation of Islamic concepts and terms makes an otherwise technical discussion a relatively uncomplicated read. Scholars working in the areas of history, religion, politics, sociology, gender and related fields will find this book invaluable for researching multidisciplinary themes such as migrant-host exchanges, Islamic utility, religious conversions and reconversions, urban studies, patron-client networks and settlement expansion. This is definitely a book to possess for both students and researchers alike.

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112209455
ISBN:: 9783112209455
ISBN:: 9783879974870
Subject:: History
Subject:: Miscellaneous
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book 2020

Mediterranean Contaminations

Middle East, North Africa, and Europe in Contact

Giuliano Mion

Volume 31 in this series

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The Mediterranean is a sea that has experienced extraordinary contacts, conflicts, encounters and exchanges through the centuries. This complexity is analysed in the present volume through the eyes of twelve scholars specialised in Middle Eastern and North African studies. Arabic and Semitic linguistics and dialectology, Arab literature and popular music and culture are some of the broad range of subjects included in this volume which engages different geographical areas of the so-called Mare Nostrum and various historical periods, from the medieval to the contemporary era.

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112209363
ISBN:: 9783112209363
ISBN:: 9783879974689
Subject:: Social Sciences
Subject:: Sociology
Subject:: Sociology, other
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book 2020

Promoting an Alliance, Furthering Nationalism

Ernst Jäckh and Ahmed Emin in the Time of the First World War

Sevil Özçalık

Volume 30 in this series

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This book investigates how the German-Ottoman Alliance affected the Turkish Nationalism during the Second Constitutional Period (1908–1918), focusing on two lesser known but crucial players of the Alliance: Ahmed Emin (Yalman, 1888–1972) and Ernst Jäckh (1875–1959). After the First World War, both men had reputations as being liberal, pro-American journalists. This book explores their papers and investigates their wartime activities and connections, and shows how they helped the German-Ottoman Alliance to take root. Ahmed Emin, a graduate of the German School in Istanbul, was sent by the Ottoman Minister of War, Enver Pasha, to the German Front during World War I and through his German and Turkish writings, advocated strongly for the promotion of the German-Ottoman Alliance. Ernst Jäckh was a consultant to Emperor Wilhelm II in his Eastern affairs and made several trips to the Ottoman Empire. In the process he built up a reputation as being »Turkish-Jäckh« among German imperialist circles due to his Young Turkish connections. Through their writings and the various institutions they enrolled, they both became key figures of the German-Ottoman Alliance. Also by evaluating the writings of the Ottoman political elite of the Era on Germany this book shows how the so-called »German spirit« was constructed by the Ottoman political elite, including Ahmed Emin. It also clarifies how certain elements of German nationalism were appropriated into Turkish nationalist thinking by the channel of German imperialists, including Ernst Jäckh. Opposing the comview that the support for the German-Ottoman Alliance was limited only to a certain clique of the Committee of Union and Progress, this book seeks to answer how the »mainstream intellectuals« of the Second Constitutional period who supported the Alliance protected their reputations after World War I, and how this German-Ottoman Alliance gave Turkish nationalism a German

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112209394
ISBN:: 9783112209394
ISBN:: 9783879974719
Subject:: History
Subject:: Historical Periods
Subject:: Modern History
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book 2020

Die Aktivistinnen der Ḥamās

Zur Rolle der Frauen in einer islamistischen Bewegung

Britt Ziolkowski

Volume 29 in this series

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Welche Rolle spielen Frauen in der Ḥamās? Ihre Beteiligung in der islamistischen Bewegung wird anhand von fünf Leitfragen untersucht: Wie sind die Frauen in die Strukturen eingebunden? Welchen Beitrag leisten sie für den Fortbestand und Erfolg der Ḥamās? Inwiefern fühlen sich die Frauen selbst repräsentiert und für wie einflussreich halten sie sich innerhalb und außerhalb der Ḥamās-Strukturen? Welche Bedeutung hat das Engagement für die Frauen selbst? Und wie wird sich die Rolle der Frauen zukünftig entwickeln? Die Autorin führte eine monatelange Feldforschung in den Palästinensergebieten durch. Die Islamwissenschaftlerin sprach mit Ḥamās-Aktivistinnen, beobachtete deren Lebenswelt und untersuchte Originalquellen wie Internetseiten und Print-Publikationen der Ḥamās. Das Buch ist zugleich an ForscherInnen aus den Islam-, Politik- und Genderwissenschaften adressiert und bietet einen neuen Zugang für all diejenigen, die sich mit dem Spannungsfeld zwischen politischer Partizipation, Religion und Geschlechterordnungen beschäftigen.

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112209295
ISBN:: 9783112209295
ISBN:: 9783879974580
Subject:: Social Sciences
Subject:: Political Science
Subject:: Political Science, other
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book 2020

Iranian Diaspora Literature of Women

Leila Samadi Rendy

Volume 28 in this series

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This book examines the relationship between space, bilingualism, and writing, and female characters’ identity formation in the late literary productions of Iranian women in the Diaspora, such as ›To See and See Again‹ by Tara Bahrampour, ›Funny in Farsi‹ by Firoozeh Dumas, ›Lipstick Jihad‹ by Azadeh Moaveni, and ›Saffron Sky‹ by Gelareh Asayesh, hereby using post-colonial and postmodern theories of bilingualism, space, autobiography and gender. Some years before and after the Islamic revolution in Iran in 1979, a huge number of Iranians migrated to western countries due to social and political problems. There is a significant body of literary and autobiographical works by Iranian writers in the Diaspora during the last 50 years. In the last two decades, more literary and autobiographical works have been concerned with the private aspect of the lives of the characters in the Diaspora and the (trans)formation of their identity and the linguistic and cultural hybridity. This hybridity and the identity issues become more significant in the works of women writers, as they are doubly marginalised as immigrants in the host land and second sex within patriarchy. There have been only a few critical works on the recent literary and autobiographical works of Iranian female writers in the Diaspora.

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112209288
ISBN:: 9783112209288
ISBN:: 9783879974573
Subject:: Literary Studies
Subject:: Literary Studies, general
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book 2020

An Elusive Hope

State Reform in Syria 2000—2007

Amer Nizar Ghrawi

Volume 27 in this series

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This book sets out to review the state reforms that have been carried out in Syria during the first presidential period of Bashar Al-Assad and the „elusive hopes“ that came with them. Caught in an authoritarian system, Syrians linked the prospect of a broad state reform to hopes for economic and social progress, greater political participation and better public administration, and above all, an improved service delivery and less corruption. However, the promised reforms failed to deliver the expected results and led to more than just disappointment. In his study, Amer Ghrawi analyzes the interplay between factors at both national and regional levels and how they shaped the course of reform and caused its gradual derailing. He provides a detailed account of a very specific reform, describes how this reform was implemented, how it got trapped and abandoned, and why. In retrospect, the period from 2000 to 2007 is indeed crucial for understanding the catastrophic events that followed. In fact, the reforms might well have been Bashar Al-Assad´s only chance to prevent the country from sliding into its current chaos.

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112209158
ISBN:: 9783112209158
ISBN:: 9783879974443
Subject:: Social Sciences
Subject:: Political Science
Subject:: Political Science, other
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book 2020

Achieving a Career, Becoming a Master

Aspirations in the Lives of Young Uzbek Men

Jesko Schmoller

Volume 26 in this series

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“Achieving a Career, Becoming a Master” gives an insight into the everyday lives of young men in the Uzbek capital, Tashkent. As the Soviet Union made access to Central Asia an outright impossibility for foreign researchers, and due to the present autocratic system and its control of information, there exists very little expertise on Uzbek society and culture. The book explores what young Uzbeks strive for in the professional and private spheres and how they try to realize their aims. As most of them are inclined either to become successful businessmen or make a career within the state apparatus, special attention is given to Uzbek entrepreneurship and the civil service. Considering the challenge within the difficult labor market of earning enough money to marry, establishing the funds to afford the incredibly expensive wedding ceremony is regarded a real achievement. The cultural context and its influence on the way young Uzbeks think and act are also taken account of. Strategic planning informs the workplace agency of young employees struggling to build a career. Determined to carve out their personal trajectories and to assert themselves in the face of strong social and economic forces, the individuals portrayed here defy the stereotype of the collective-minded subject of post-Soviet Asia.

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112209110
ISBN:: 9783112209110
ISBN:: 9783879974405
Subject:: Social Sciences
Subject:: Sociology
Subject:: Social Structures, Social Interaction, Population, Social Anthropology
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book 2021

Dschihadismus in Pakistan

Geschichte, Entwicklung, Perspektiven

Daniel Matthias Timm

Volume 25 in this series

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DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112402368
ISBN:: 9783112402368
ISBN:: 9783879974139
Subject:: Social Sciences
Subject:: Political Science
Subject:: Political Science, other
Publisher:: Klaus Schwarz Verlag

Book 2020

Impacts of Participatory Development in Afghanistan: A Call to Reframe Expectations

The National Solidarity Programme in the Community of Shah Raheem

Mary Beth Wilson

Volume 24 in this series

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The rhetoric surrounding participatory development approaches is very positive, based upon the expectation that it provides better development outcomes than classical development approaches. This is both supported and contradicted by the participatory development literature, indicating the complexity of the interplay of participatory approaches and development programs in real world situations. This study adds to the academic literature focused on participatory development approaches using empirical data. The research utilizes an intensive qualitatively-based case study methodology to look at the impacts of the National Solidarity Programme (NSP) on a community in Northern Afghanistan, thus presenting a new perspective on participatory development: a community level perspective.

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112209059
ISBN:: 9783112209059
ISBN:: 9783879974313
Subject:: Geosciences
Subject:: Geography
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book 2020

Die Drusen in Libanon und Israel

Geschichte, Konflikte und Loyalitäten einer religiösen Gemeinschaft in zwei Staaten

Tobias Lang

Volume 23 in this series

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Die Drusen, eine Religionsgemeinschaft, die sich im 11. Jahrhundert n. Chr. vom schiitisch-ismailitischen Islam abgespalten hatte, siedelten bevorzugt in den gebirgigen, unwegsamen Regionen der historischen Region Großsyrien. Heute leben sie überwiegend in Syrien, Libanon und Israel. Die drusischen Gemeinschaften in Israel und im Libanon haben eine höchst unterschiedliche Entwicklung erfahren: In Israel leisten Drusen – im Gegensatz zu Christen und Muslimen – obligatorisch Militärdienst. Im Libanon war die stärkste drusische Partei während des Libanesischen Bürgerkrieges zeitweise eng mit den Palästinensern verbündet. Womit ist die gegensätzliche Entwicklung beider Gemeinschaften zu erklären? Müssen die Gründe dieser Entwicklung außerhalb der drusischen gesellschaftlichen Verfasstheit gesucht werden? Warum werden Drusen in einem Staat als ethnische Araber, in einem anderen Staat hingegen als ethnische Drusen bezeichnet? Kann man anhand historischer und gegenwärtiger Aspekte ein gemeinsames Muster im politischen Verhalten der Drusen konstatieren?

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112208946
ISBN:: 9783112208946
ISBN:: 9783879974160
Subject:: Social Sciences
Subject:: Political Science
Subject:: Political Science, other
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book 2020

The Construct of Egypt's National-Self in James Sanua's Early Satire and Caricature

Eliane Ursula Ettmüller

Volume 22 in this series

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Ya?qub Sannu? / James Sanua (1839–1912) was a pioneer in theater, satirical journalism and caricature. With the aim to foster nationalism in Egypt in the last third of the 19th century, he experimented with various literary genres. Deprived by the Khedive Isma?il of his career as a playwright, he started a satirical newspaper called 'Abu Nazzara Zarqa' (the man with the blue glasses) in 1878 which was forbidden after its 15th issue and its editor forced into exile. Based in Paris, Sanua continued to publish his magazine which was – according to his personal accounts – smuggled massively under adventurous circumstances into his home country where on 9 September 1881 Ahmad ?Urabi and his fellow officers ?Abd al-?Al Hilmi and ?Ali Fahmi made their march of protest to the ?Abidin palace. This popularly supported revolt was later recognized as the starting point of the first Egyptian nationalist revolution. This volume aims to disentangle the dichotomous construct which Sanua used in his satirical texts for the imagining of anEgyptian national identity. Until 9 September 1881 Sanua had published eight newspaper series and a total of 87 issues. His language and call for union, for resistance against oppression and for the fight against foreign invasion became increasingly more violent and religiously tinted. At the same time, his genres slowly transformed from his originally dramatic style proper for a playwright into a special kind of journalistic way of expression suitable for satirical magazines.

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112208908
ISBN:: 9783112208908
ISBN:: 9783879974115
Subject:: History
Subject:: Historical Periods
Subject:: Modern History
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book 2020

Zur Ordnung des Staates

Jungosmanische Intellektuelle und ihre Konzepte in der Zeitung 'Hürriyet' (1868–1870)

Christiane Czygan

Volume 21 in this series

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In der zweiten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts begannen türkisch-osmanische Intellektuelle erstmals Zeitungen und andere Periodika als Forum für ihren politischen Diskurs zu nutzen. Die Tanzimat-Regierung reagierte darauf 1867 mit Publikationsverboten und dem Erlass eines neuen, rigideren Pressegesetzes. Für die Publizisten bot das europäische Exil im Frühjahr 1867 einen Ausweg. Schon bald nahmen sie ihre Aktivitäten zunächst in der französischen Presse und später in London als Herausgeber eigener Zeitungen wieder auf. In ihren Publikationen traten sie als Repräsentanten der Jungosmanen in Erscheinung. Ihr wichtigstes Organ war die Zeitung 'Hürriyet' (Freiheit), die von 1868 bis 1870 in London erschien. 'Hürriyet' wurde von London ins Osmanische Reich geschmuggelt, wo sie zwar verboten, aber dennoch einem aktiven Interessentenkreis zugänglich war. In 'Hürriyet' wird scharfe – teilweise auch polemische Kritik – an der Tanzimat-Regierung geübt. Das eigentliche Leitmotiv stellt jedoch die Frage nach der Ordnung des Staates dar. Die kritische Bewertung des osmanischen Status quo bildet somit nur die Folie, vor der unterschiedliche Vorstellungen und Strategien zur staatlichen Ordnung formuliert werden. Die Untersuchung zeigt, dass eine weitaus komplexere Autorenschaft involviert war, als bislang angenommen. Intertextuelle, stilistische und inhaltliche Veränderungen verdeutlichen den situativen Charakter, aber auch den Prozess der gegenseitigen Aneignung. Hiermit wird erstmals eine umfassende Studie der Autoren, Sprache und Intentionen der 'Hürriyet' vorgelegt.

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112208878
ISBN:: 9783112208878
ISBN:: 9783879974078
Subject:: History
Subject:: Historical Periods
Subject:: Modern History
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book 2020

Reaching wa'y

Mobilization and Recruitment in Hizb al-Tahrir al-Islami. A Case Study conducted in Beirut

Ariela Gross

Volume 20 in this series

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This book is a case study of Islamist women activists in Hizb al-Tahrir al-Islami (the Islamic Liberation Party), a transnational Islamist organization aiming at re-establishing the historic Islamic Caliphate which is seen as the only legitimate form of state. The case study was conducted in Beirut, Lebanon. Given the scarcity of analytical studies on Hizb al-Tahrir, this study contributes by asking what mobilizes collective action in Hizb al-Tahrir and how far the established social movement theories can lead to an understanding of social mobilization in Hizb al-Tahrir. Using participant observation as the primary research method, the study finds that elements of social movement theory can account for mobilization and recruitment in Hizb al-Tahrir. However, given the group’s emphasis on 'wa‘y' (awareness), the role of ideology for social mobilization in Hizb al-Tahrir is also proven to be central.

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112208854
ISBN:: 9783112208854
ISBN:: 9783879974054
Subject:: Social Sciences
Subject:: Sociology
Subject:: Sociology, other
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book 2020

Türkisch-Deutsche Beziehungen.

Perspektiven aus Vergangenheit und Gegenwart.

Claus Schönig, Hatice Bayraktar, Ramazan Calik

Volume 19 in this series

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Einleitung [Politik und Diplomatie] [Politics and Foreign Relations] Malte Fuhrmann: Deutschlands Abenteuer im Orient. Eine Geschichte semi-kolonialer Verstrickungen Süleyman Kiziltoprak: The Egyptian Question and the Multilateral Policy of Germany (1876–1904) Zafer Atar: From Unofficial Contacts to Official Diplomacy Alp Yenen: The Exile Activities of the Unionists in Berlin (1918–1922) Abdullah Ilgazi/Mustafa Biyikli: Germany's Regions of Influence and its Cultural Policy towards Turkey according to a Report from 1934 Ramazan Çalik/Hatice Bayraktar: Die politischen Beziehungen zwischen Deutschland und der Türkei während der Weimarer Republik Fahri Yetim: German Propaganda in Turkish Press during World War II [Handel und Wirtschaft] [Trade and Economy] Hilmar Kaiser: German Railway Investment in the Ottoman Empire: The Colonial Dimension Fahri Türk: Deutsche Waffenlieferungen in die Türkei von 1871 bis 1914 Naci Yorulmaz: Krupps weitreichende Kanonen. Bewertung der Quellen im Osmanischen Archiv zu den Aktivitäten der Fa. Krupp im Osmanischen Reich [Wissenschaft und Bildung] [Research and Education] Arzu Terzi: Deutsche Ausgrabungen in Babylon: Spurensuche im Osmanischen Archiv Hassan Bahar: Studies of German Archaeologists in Turkey Robin Wimmel/Tolga Bozkurt: Zwei bahnbrechende Forschungsreisende in Anatolien: Edmund Naumann und Kurt Erdmann Tolga Bozkurt: German Architects in the Early Republican Period of Turkish Architecture Hans Walter Schmuhl: Istanbul–Berlin–Ankara. Seniha Tunakan und der Wissenstransfer auf dem Gebiet der Physischen Anthropologie und Humangenetik [Rezeption des Fremden] [Perception of the Other] Hartmut Heller: 'Beutetürken' als Teil der deutschen Bevölkerung seit dem 15. Jahrhundert Necmettin Alkan: Die Wahrnehmung der türkischen Geschichte und der Türken in deutschen Quellen (1745-1845) Haldun Soydal/Serkan Güzel: Inevitable (Re)-Conceptualization: From Turks in Europe to 'European Turks' [Die Türkei und die EU] [Turkey and the Europ

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112208755
ISBN:: 9783112208755
ISBN:: 9783879973866
Subject:: History
Subject:: Miscellaneous
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book 2020

Tsars, Cossacks, and Nomads.

The Formation of a Borderland Culture in Northern Kazakhstan in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries

Yuriy Malikov

Volume 18 in this series

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The book focuses on the relations between Siberian Cossacks and Kazakhs in northern Kazakhstan from the time that it was included into the Russian Empire in 1734 to the end of the nineteenth century. The research aims to demonstrate that extensive contacts between aboriginals of the steppe and newcomers from the north led to the formation of a frontier society, which was distinct from traditional Russian and Kazakh societies. The reciprocal adoptions of diverse cultural elements and cross-cultural exchanges created preconditions for the formation of a 'frontier society of interests', which cross-cut racial and religious barriers, and resisted the attempts of the Russian central government to impose its rule over the peoples of this outlying region. The aforementioned developments challenge the depiction of the contact as 'a battle of cultures' or a meeting of 'two different worlds', as it is typically portrayed in contemporary historiography.

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112208793
ISBN:: 9783112208793
ISBN:: 9783879973958
Subject:: History
Subject:: Miscellaneous
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book 2020

Der Nahostkonflikt durch die Augen Hanzalas

Stereotypische Vorstellungen im Schaffen des Karikaturisten Naji al-'Ali

Nadine Kreitmeyr

Volume 17 in this series

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Politische Karikaturen dienen gemeinhin als künstlerisches Mittel zur überspitzten Meinungsäußerung und lösen bisweilen extreme Reaktionen wie Zensur und Repression oder persönliche Anfeindung bis hin zur Morddrohung aus – so auch die Werke des palästinensischen Karikaturisten Naji al-'Ali. Die Schaffensperiode al-'Alis währte von den 60ern bis in die 1980er Jahre. Adressaten sind die ›einfachen Menschen‹, für sie wichtige politische Zustände werden auf eine leicht verständliche Art und Weise thematisiert. Al-'Ali war wegen seiner äußerst kritischen Karikaturen sehr beliebt. Mehr als 20 Jahre nach seinem gewaltsamen Tod genießen die Karikaturen noch immer enorme Popularität; vor allem die Hauptfigur all seiner Zeichnungen, der kleine Flüchtlingsjunge Hanzala, ist in den Palästinensischen Gebieten und in den palästinensischen Gemeinden in der Diaspora allgegenwärtig. Das Werk al-'Alis unterliegt somit nicht der prinzipiellen Kurzlebigkeit politischer Kunst. Warum ist dies so? Warum sind diese Karikaturen bis heute so aktuell? Der Kondensationspunkt in al-'Alis Werk ist die Figur des Hanzala. Er trägt eine besondere Eigenschaft: Er ist parteiisch. Er relativiert nicht. Er verkörpert den ›normalen‹ Menschen, der angesichts der realen Verhältnisse und Ereignisse sprach- und einflusslos ist, mit seiner abwartend kommentierenden Haltung, die eine brisante politische Präsenz erzeugt. Hier wird erstmalig eine Arbeit über das Werk Naji al-'Alis ausserhalb des arabischen Sprachraums vorgelegt. Sie stützt sich dabei hauptsächlich auf arabische Originalquellen.

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112208830
ISBN:: 9783112208830
ISBN:: 9783879974023
Subject:: Social Sciences
Subject:: Sociology
Subject:: Sociology, other
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book 2020

Globalisierung und Regionalisierung im arabischen Raum.

Eine empirische Untersuchung zur Auswirkung der „Großen Arabischen Freihandelszone“ (GAFTA) auf die Textil-, Bekleidungs- und Olivenölindustrie in Syrien.

Salam Said

Volume 16 in this series

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Diese Studie thematisiert die Wechseleffekte zwischen Globalisierung und Regionalisierung im arabischen Raum. Diese Region ist nicht nur aufgrund ihrer kulturellen Vielfalt und geopolitisch bedeutsamen Lage von großer Relevanz. Sie besitzt die reichsten Erdöl- und Gasquellen weltweit, in ihr leben heute mehr als 330 Mio. Menschen und sie verfügt mit einem kollektiven BIP in Höhe von 1,9 Bil. US-$ über ein ansehnliches Wirtschaftspotenzial. Die arabischen Staaten gehören jedoch – mit Ausnahme der reichen Golfstaaten – zu den Ländern mit niedrigem und mittlerem Einkommen, die sich bezüglich Entwicklung und Handel den verschiedensten Hindernissen von „Bad Governance“ und Korruption bis hin zu politischer Instabilität und kriegerischen Konfrontationen gegenübersehen. • Diese kritische Ausgangslage gemeinsam mit dem durch Globalisierung steigenden Wettbewerbsdruck führte Mitte der 1990er Jahre zur Wiederbelebung der Bemühungen um die Gründung einer arabischen Wirtschaftsintegration mit dem Ziel, die regionale Wirtschaftsdynamik einerseits voranzutreiben und der Herausforderung durch die Globalisierung als gemeinsamer „Handelsblock“ effektiver zu begegnen. Die Große Arabische Freihandelszone (GAFTA) wurde im Jahre 2005 ins Leben gerufen. • Vor diesem Hintergrund wird die Frage analysiert, ob sich die arabische Süd-Süd-Integration GAFTA positiv auf die Wirtschaft ihrer Mitgliedsstaaten und den intraregionalen Handel auswirkt und ob sie ein effektives Mittel zur Reduzierung der Risiken und zur Maximierung des Nutzens der Globalisierung für die beteiligten Staaten darstellt. Dabei wird die GAFTA als eine Integrationsform anderen Regionalismusformen, wie z.B. dem Agadir-Abkommen und der Euro-mediterranen Partnerschaft gegenübergestellt. • Grundlage dieser Studie waren umfangreiche Analysen zahlreicher Wirtschafts- und Handelstatistiken sowie Evaluierungen vor Ort in der Arabischen Republik Syrien und in Ägypten, die erst eine vertrauenswürdige Datenbasis ermöglicht haben. Mit

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112208779
ISBN:: 9783112208779
ISBN:: 9783879973880
Subject:: Social Sciences
Subject:: Political Science
Subject:: Political Science, other
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book 2020

Starke Reformer oder schwache Revolutionäre?

Ländliche Notabeln und das ägyptische Parlament in der 'Urabi-Bewegung, 1866-1882

Irene Weipert-Fenner

Volume 15 in this series

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In dieser Arbeit wird widerlegt, dass informelle Penetration einer imperialen Macht zwingend die durchdrungenen Länder in der Peripherie auf Dauer aushöhlt und Strukturen zusammenbrechen lässt. Damit wird auch gegen die Notwendigkeit der imperialen Macht argumentiert, aufgrund vermeintlicher Instabilität einzugreifen und jene Gebiete zu besetzen. Dies wird am Beispiel Ägyptens gezeigt, das nur auf den ersten Blick 1882 von den Briten okkupiert wurde, um eine drohende Anarchie, ausgelöst durch die Bewegung um den Offizier 'Urabi, abzuwenden. Dagegen wird innerhalb dieser Bewegung die Rolle der Delegiertenkammer und der in ihr vertretenen Provinznotabeln untersucht und gezeigt, dass einflussreich gewordene Akteure eine Reform des politischen Systems in Richtung Parlamentarismus und Konstitutionalismus verfolgten.

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112208762
ISBN:: 9783112208762
ISBN:: 9783879973873
Subject:: History
Subject:: Miscellaneous
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book 2020

Zwischen Handwerkstradition und globalem Markt

Kunsthandwerker in Usbekistan und Kirgistan

Melanie Krebs

Volume 14 in this series

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Seit Zerfall der Sowjetunion durchlaufen die unabhängigen Staaten Zentralasiens vielfältige politische, wirtschaftliche und kulturelle Transformationsprozesse, die sich auf alle Lebensbereiche der Bevölkerung auswirken. Internationale Organisationen der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit nehmen Einfluss auf diese Prozesse, indem sie einerseits lokale Ressourcen zu stärken versuchen, andererseits die Implementierung internationaler Normen und die Öffnung auf den globalen Markt fördern wollen. Am Beispiel von Kunsthandwerkern und ihren Produkten lässt sich zeigen, wie solche Projekte der Entwicklungshilfe im Spannungsfeld zwischen Schutz des kulturellen Erbes und Anpassung an globale Strukturen aussehen können. Vor dem Hintergrund einer chronologisch angelegten Kultur- und Sozialgeschichte seit der russischen Eroberung im 19. Jh. analysiert die Autorin die Entwicklung einzelner Kunsthandwerkssparten bis heute. Es wird dabei untersucht, inwieweit zeitgenössische Projekte der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit im Bereich Kunsthandwerk ihren Zielen gerecht werden und welche Folgen sich daraus für die Kunsthandwerker und ihre Produkte ergeben. Anhand von Fallstudien aus Usbekistan und Kirgistan zeigt sich, dass gleiche Ansätze von Entwicklungsprojekten sehr unterschiedliche Ergebnisse hervorbringen können. Es wird der Frage nachgegangen, welche verschiedenen, aktuellen und historisch bedingten, wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Voraussetzungen der Kunsthandwerker für diesen Befund verantwortlich sein können.

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112208694
ISBN:: 9783112208694
ISBN:: 9783879973798
Subject:: Social Sciences
Subject:: Sociology
Subject:: Sociology, other
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book 2020

Prisoner of All Generations

My Life in the Homeland

Fawzi Habashi

Volume 13 in this series

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'Fifty years of struggle and determination along with steadfastness in his beliefs. Through this book one relives the experience of Fawzi Habashi – tear by tear, and whip by whip. One feels and relives the pain, anguish, smiles, laughter, and the sorrow…' Ahmad Ismail in El-Ahaly (opposition) Newspaper, Egypt • 'The book […] is an account of the trials and tribulations of Engineer Fawzi Habashi who spent a good part of his life within a number of different prisons across Egypt.' Magda El-Guindy in Al-Ahram (state owned) Newspaper, Egypt • 'They summoned Fawzi and ordered him to confess as to the names of the greater party leadership within the prison camp. He was barbarically tortured, and towards the end of this intensive torture session he took off his watch along with his wedding ring and handed it to the prison administration officers so that they could send it to his wife in prison. This was Fawzi’s way of indicating that he was willing to die before confessing. This was a clear and simple sign to the officers who were torturing him that they would not be able to extract any information from him.' Fakhri Labib, activist and co-inmate, writer and translater

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112208588
ISBN:: 9783112208588
ISBN:: 9783879973507
Subject:: History
Subject:: Miscellaneous
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book 2020

'Ein alter Feind wird nicht zum Freund'

Fremd- und Selbstbild in der aserbaidschanischen Geschichtsschreibung

Sara Winter

Volume 12 in this series

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Der ungelöste Konflikt um Berg-Karabach prägt die Historiographie in der jungen Republik Aserbaidschan. Schulbücher und andere öffentliche Dokumente entwerfen eine nationale Identität aus einem dichotomen Freund-Feind-Schema: Auf der einen Seite befindet sich das in Großteilen positiv besetzte Eigenbild, dem auf der anderen Seite das überwiegend negativ bewertete Fremdbild entgegengesetzt wird. In Staaten, in denen ungelöste Konflikte bestehen, wird dieses Fremdbild häufig auf den Konfliktgegner projiziert. Über Lehrmaterialien werden derart konstruierte Feindbilder in die Folgegenerationen übertragen und erschweren so dauerhaft friedliche Lösungen. Zwar schweigen zwischen Aserbaidschan und Armenien nun seit mehr als anderthalb Jahrzehnten die Waffen, dennoch ist der Konflikt zwischen den beiden Nachbarn weiterhin virulent und vor allem in beiden Gesellschaften höchst präsent: Die Betonung des kriegsgeleiteten Feindbilds führt zu einer andauernden Mobilisierung im Volk, selbst in Altersschichten, die den Krieg als solchen nicht mehr erlebt haben. In einer Close-Reading-Analyse des aserbaidschanischen Geschichtsschulbuchs 'Ata Yurdu' (dt. Vaterland/Heimat) geht Sara Winter dem aserbaidschanischen Eigen- und Fremdbild und dessen Implikationen auf den Grund. Ihre Analyse liefert erstes wissenschaftliches Basismaterial und dient als Anstoß zur weiteren Aufarbeitung und Dekonstruktion konfliktfördernder Feindbilder.

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112208748
ISBN:: 9783112208748
ISBN:: 9783879973859
Subject:: History
Subject:: Miscellaneous
Publisher:: De Gruyter

Book 2020

Die türkische Adalet ve Kalkιnma Partisi (AKP)

Eine Untersuchung des Programms 'Muhafazakar Demokrasi'

Charlotte Joppien

Volume 11 in this series

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Im Jahre 2002 gewann in der Türkei mit der AKP (Adalet ve Kalk?nma Partisi, Gerechtigkeits- und Entwicklungspartei) eine Partei die Parlamentswahlen, die erst ein Jahr zuvor gegründet worden war. Von ihren Anhängern und großen Teilen der westlichen Presse wurde sie als Trägerin des demokratischen Aufbruchs und Garantin des Siegs des Volkes über politische Eliten gefeiert. Andere Stimmen hingegen sahen die AKP als Protagonistin der Islamisierung des Landes und der Einführung der shari‘a. • Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt sich die Aufgabe, die AKP von ihrer Selbstbeschreibung ausgehend zu untersuchen. Hierfür wurden grundlegende Texte zu ihrem politischen Konzept Muhafazakar Demokrasi (Konservative Demokratie) aus dem Türkischen übersetzt und analysiert. Dabei wird der Frage nachgegangen, wo ›Konservative Demokratie‹ im türkischen bzw. internationalen Konservatismusdiskurs verortet werden kann bzw. wie zutreffend diese Selbstbezeichnung ist. • In einem zweiten Schritt wird die Umsetzung ›Konservativer Demokratie‹ in die Regierungspraxis anhand der Beispiele Menschenrechte, religiöse und ethnische Minderheiten, Gender und Demokratisierung beleuchtet. Es wird geklärt, welche externen und internen Faktoren zu Problemen bei der Umsetzung führten. • Um dem Vorwurf der Islamisierung der Türkei durch die AKP nachzugehen, werden die gemeinsame Geschichte der AKP mit den islamistischen Milli Görüs-Parteien betrachtet sowie die von ihr verfolgte Religionspolitik und ihre Vorstellungen über das Verhältnis von Staat und Religion detailliert untersucht. Populäre Zuschreibungen wie 'die AKP als Modell für die islamische Welt' oder 'die AKP als türkische Christdemokraten' werden kritisch auf ihren prospektiven Gehalt hinterfragt.