Abstract
Ferri-kaersutite, ideally NaCa2(Mg3TiFe3+)(Si6Al2)O22O2, is a new oxo-amphibole from Harrow Peaks, Northern Victoria Land, Antarctica. It occurs as brown prismatic crystals, up to 200 μm in length, with a vitreous luster, and a perfect {110} cleavage. Ferri-kaersutite is associated with forsterite, diopside, and Cr-bearing spinel. Chemical analyses, by a combination of electron microprobe, SIMS, and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, gave the following results (in wt%): SiO2 41.69, TiO2 5.30, Al2O3 13.65, Cr2O3 0.09, Fe2O3 4.52, MgO 15.54, CaO 11.03, MnO 0.11, FeO 2.83, Na2O 2.88, K2O 0.96, H2O 0.70, F 0.24, Cl 0.08, O=(F,Cl) –0.12, sum 99.50. On the basis of 24 anions per formula unit, the formula is
The relatively large equivalent isotropic displacement parameter at M(1), with respect to those at M(2) and M(3) sites, together with the short M(1)–O(3) distance, suggest the occurrence of Ti4+ at the M(1) site, whereas the small octahedral distortion at this site suggests a low Fe3+ occupancy. This element is mainly hosted at the M(2) and M(3) sites.
The occurrence of amphiboles in the magma source region is notably relevant. The melting of Ti-rich amphibole in the lithosphere and subsequent degrees of melt/host peridotite reactions are able to produce melts that account for the compositional spectrum ranging from extreme alkaline lavas to the most common alkaline basalts. In particular, when this amphibole is formed by reaction between a peridotite matrix and metasomatic melts/fluids with high Fe3+/Fetot ratio, its subsequent melting can influence primary volatile contents and ultimately magma rheology.
Acknowledgments
The authors thank L. Ottolini (IGG-CNR, Pavia) and R. Carampin (IGG-CNR Padova) for SIMS and EMPA analyses, respectively. M. Coltorti is acknowledged for his fieldwork during PNRA expedition in Northern Victoria Land on 2004. This study was financially supported by the PNRA (Programma Nazionale Ricerche in Antartide) project 2010/A2.08 “Xenoliths and basic lavas in understanding the C-O-H system in the mantle of the polar regions.” The paper was handled by the Associate Editor Fernando Colombo and benefited from the careful revisions of Mark Welch and Roberta Oberti.
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Manuscript handled by Fernando Colombo
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